Geodesics around line defects in elastic solids

Topological defects in solids, usually described by complicated boundary conditions in elastic theory, may be described more simply as sources of a gravity- like deformation field in the geometric approach of Katanaev and Volovich. This way, the deformation field is described by non-Euclidean metric that incorporates the boundary imposed by the defects. A possible way of gaining some insight into the motion of particles in a medium with topological defects (e.g., electrons in a dislocated metal) is to look at the geodesics of the medium around the defect. In this work, we find the exact solution for the geodesic equation for elastic medium with a generic line defect, the dispiration, that can either be a screw dislocation or a wedge disclination for particular choices of its parameters.Comment: 10 pages, Latex, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Lett.

A separação de poderes no Brasil

O artigo analisa o mecanismo da separação de poderesno Brasil pós-88, avaliando a evolução e o impacto doprincípio sobre o processo político-constitucionalnacional. As fontes utilizadas abrangem as diversasConstituições brasileiras e a bibliografia relativa aoprocesso político-constitucional. Considerando aestrutura e o processo político-constitucionalinaugurado com a Constituição Federal de 1988,discute a experiência brasileira recente de separaçãode poderes

Chloramphenicol restores the polymorphonuclear accumulation in carrageenin-induced pleurisy in diabetic rats

We investigated the effect of chloramphenicol succinate (30 mg/kg, every 12 h for 4 days, ip) on the reduced polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) accumulation in carrageenin-induced pleurisy (150 mug) in diabetic (alloxan, 40 mg/kg, IV) rats (Wistar, males, 180-320 g, n = 12). Chloramphenicol produced an increase (p<0.05) on PMN count in pleural exudate of 36% in normal animals. In the animals non-treated with chloramphenicol the diabetes state reduced (p<0.05) the accumulation of PMN cells by 45%. In diabetic animals treated with chloramphenicol the number of PMN in pleural exudate was similar to the one observed in the control group. Total and differential counts of leukocytes in the peripheral blood were similar between groups before and 4 h after the carrageenin-injection.Investigou-se o efeito do succinato de cloranfenicol (30 mg/kg, a cada 12 h, durante 4 dias, IP) sobre o acúmulo de leucócitos polimorfonucleares (PMN) na pleurisia induzida pela carragenina (150 mig) em ratos (Wistar, machos, 180-230 g, n = 12) diabéticos (40 mg/kg de aloxana, IV). O antibiótico produziu aumento de 36% no número de PMN (p<0,05) migrados para a cavidade pleural de animais normais. O estado diabético provocou redução de 45% dos PMN (p<0,05) acumulados no exsudato pleural de animais não tratados com o antibiótico. Por outro lado, animais diabéticos tratados com succinato de cloranfenicol apresentaram resposta de PMN que não diferiu estatisticamente do observado em animais controle, não tratados. A contagem total e diferencial dos leucócitos circulantes realizada antes e 4 h depois da aplicação da carragenina não diferiu estatisticamente entre os grupos

CÂNCER EM IDOSOS: REVISÃO NARRATIVA DAS DIFICULDADES NA ACEITAÇÃO DA DOENÇA E NO TRATAMENTO

Objective: To describe, based on the literature, the difficulties faced by the elderly in accepting the diagnosis and treating cancer. Method: This is a study of narrative literature review with a qualitative approach. The literary survey was carried out on the bases: Virtual Health Library, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, Scientific Electronic Library Online and the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations. Result and Discussion: The perceptions of the elderly regarding cancer is seen in a more positive way. Many believe that the chances of victory against the pathology depend on the time when the diagnosis is found, in which it may be related to a higher frequency of medical care in this age group. Conclusion: When assessing the acceptance of the elderly in relation to the diagnosis of cancer, we observed that the disease has important consequences on their lives, mainly psychological, directly affecting their daily lives. During treatment there may be conflicts of feelings such as sadness, anxiety and especially the fear of death.Objetivo: Descrever, com base na literatura, as dificuldades enfrentadas por idosos na aceitação do diagnóstico e no tratamento do câncer. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão narrativa da literatura com abordagem qualitativa. O levantamento literário foi realizado nas bases: Biblioteca Virtual Em Saúde, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Scientific Eletronic Library Online e a Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações. Resultado e Discussão: As percepções dos idosos a respeito do câncer é enxergada de maneira mais positiva. Muitos acreditam que as chances de vitória contra a patologia dependem da época em que o diagnóstico é encontrado, na qual pode estar relacionado a uma frequência maior de atendimento médico nessa faixa etária. Conclusão: Ao avaliar a aceitação do idoso em relação ao diagnóstico de câncer, observamos que a doença produz importantes consequências na sua vida, principalmente, psicológicas, afetando diretamente o seu cotidiano. Durante o tratamento pode haver conflitos de sentimentos como tristeza, ansiedade e, sobretudo, o medo da morte

Aplicação para monitoramento de frota de ônibus de transporte coletivo no Distrito Federal

Trabalho de conclusão de curso (graduação)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica, 2016.O presente trabalho visa facilitar a utilização do sistema de transporte público por ônibus no Distrito Federal por meio da proposta de dois aplicativos para celular, sendo estes desenvolvidos utilizando a plataforma Android. O primeiro aplicativo deve ser utilizado pelo usuário final do sistema de transporte público por ônibus, e tem como objetivo principal a consulta das melhores rotas para se chegar a um destino final utilizando o referido sistema. O segundo aplicativo deve ser usado por funcionários do sistema de transporte público por ônibus, e tem por objetivo enviar a um banco de dados externo periodicamente a localização atual do ônibus em questão, atualizando a informação antiga do banco de dados acerca deste ônibus. Com ambos os aplicativos em funcionamento, o usuário será capaz de acompanhar, no mapa e em tempo real, o deslocamento dos ônibus de seu interesse, possibilitando que se programe de forma muito mais eficiente em seu dia-a-dia e, por consequência, tenha uma experiência muito melhor ao utilizar o sistema de transporte público por ônibus.This study aims to ease the utilization of buses from the public transport system in Distrito Federal by proposing two mobile applications, both developed using Android platform. The first app should be used by the final user of the public transport system, and has as a main purpose the fetch of the best routes to travel to a final destination using this mentioned system. The second application should be used by the public transport system workers, and has the purpose of sending to an external server and database the real-time bus location coordinates, updating the old database information about this specific bus. With both apps working, the user will be capable of following, in real-time, the desired buses movement in the map, making it possible for him to schedule his appointments much more efficiently and, by consequence, having a much better experience while using the public transport system by bus

BURNOUT EM TÉCNICOS DE ENFERMAGEM: UMA REVISÃO NARRATIVA

The objective of the study is to describe the risk factors for the development of Burnout Syndrome in nursing technicians according to the literature. It is a study of narrative review of the literature, the articles were searched in the following databases: Virtual Health Library (VHL); Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), and Virtual Health Library (VHL) through the association of Health Sciences Descriptors (DECS) by the Boolean “and”: Burnout, Role of the Nursing Technician, Occupational Risks. The inclusion criteria were: articles published between the years 2010 to 2020. Based on the above criteria, a total of 17 scientific productions were found. These were analyzed through thematic analysis. The results were presented in three categories: 1) historical context of the Burnout syndrome; 2) Burnout syndrome in nursing staff; 3) coping factors of Burnout syndrome in nursing technicians. Concluded that the SB is a public health problem, since it involves the nursing technicians and many health professionals. In this way, the condition "Can and should be treated" as an occupational disease resulting from a series of factors and variables related to the working condition.O objetivo do estudo é descrever os fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento da Síndrome de Burnout em técnicos de enfermagem de acordo com a literatura. Trata-se de um estudo de revisão narrativa da literatura, os artigos foram pesquisados nas seguintes bases de dados: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS); Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SCIELO), e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) através da associação dos Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DECS)  pelo booleano “and”: Burnout, Papel do Técnico em Enfermagem, Riscos Ocupacionais. Teve como critérios de inclusão: artigos publicados entre os anos de 2010 a 2020. Com base nos critérios acima, foram encontrados um total de 17 produções científicas. Essas foram analisadas por meio da análise temática. Os resultados foram apresentados em três categorias: 1) contexto histórico da síndrome de Burnout; 2) síndrome de Burnout nos técnicos de enfermagem; 3) fatores de enfrentamento da síndrome de Burnout nos técnicos de enfermagem. Concluísse que a SB é um problema de saúde pública, uma vez que acomete os técnicos de enfermagem e muitos profissionais da área de saúde. Desta forma, o agravo “Pode e deve ser tratada” como uma doença ocupacional resultante de uma série de fatores e variáveis relacionadas com a condição de trabalho

MOVIMENTO ANTIVACINA: REVISÃO NARRATIVA DA LITERATURA SOBRE FATORES DE ADESÃO E NÃO ADESÃO À VACINAÇÃO

Introduction: Currently, more than misinformation, the presence of false information on social media has led to a new anti-vaccination movement. Objective: to describe, according to the literature, which factors contribute to adherence versus non-adherence as vaccines. Method: this is a study of narrative literature review with a qualitative approach. Studies used through the Virtual Health Library, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences, Online Scientific Electronic Library and a Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations were used. Results and discussion: a total of 15 articles were analyzed. The lack of information has contributed to the reemergence of infectious diseases in several countries around the world and puts global plans for the eradication of infectious diseases at risk. It is necessary to have health teams duly trained in primary health care services, for a safe approach and rich in technical information, capable of raising questions in anti-vaccine applications. Conclusion: the engagement of Health Professionals in conjunction with the Ministry of Health and great relevance for the solidity and adhesion of the whole community in all age groups as Vaccination Campaigns.  Introdução: Atualmente, mais do que a desinformação, a presença de informações falsas nas mídias sociais tem levado a um novo movimento antivacina. Objetivo: Descrever, de acordo com a literatura, quais fatores contribuem para adesão versus a não adesão às vacinas. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão narrativa da literatura com abordagem qualitativa. Foram utilizados estudos obtidos através das bases Biblioteca Virtual Em Saúde, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Scientific Eletronic Library Online e a Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações. Resultados e discussão: O total de 15 artigos foram analisados. A falta de informações tem contribuído para a reemergência de doenças infecciosas em diversos países no mundo e põe em risco planos globais para a erradicação de doenças infecciosas. É preciso ter equipes de saúde devidamente capacitadas nos serviços de atenção primário à saúde, para uma abordagem segura e rica em informações técnicas, capazes de levantar questionamentos em comportamentos antivacinais. Conclusão: O engajamento dos profissionais da saúde em conjunto ao Ministério da Saúde é de grande relevância para a solidez e adesão de toda comunidade em todas as faixas etárias as Campanhas de Vacinação

Treatments to Optimize the Use of Artificial Insemination and Reproductive Efficiency in Beef Cattle under Tropical Environments

Bos indicus cattle, the preferred genetic group in tropical climates, are characterized by having a lower reproductive efficiency than Bos taurus. The reasons for the poorer reproductive efficiency of the Bos indicus cows include longer lengths of gestation and postpartum anestrus, a short length of estrous behavior with a high incidence of estrus occurring during the dark hours, and puberty at older age and at a higher percentage of body weight relative to mature body weight. Moreover, geography, environment, economics, and social traditions are factors contributing for a lower use of reproductive biotechnologies in tropical environments. Hormonal protocols have been developed to resolve some of the reproductive challenges of the Bos indicus cattle and allow artificial insemination, which is the main strategy to hasten genetic improvement in commercial beef ranches. Most of these treatments use exogenous sources of progesterone associated with strategies to improve the final maturation of the dominant follicle, such as temporary weaning and exogenous gonadotropins. These treatments have caused large impacts on reproductive performance of beef cattle reared under tropical areas

Organizational performance and strategic inertia

Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationship between organizational performance and the pattern of strategic decisions formalized in the planning of a Brazilian heavy construction company between 2006 and 2014. In this period, the company experienced a recurrent pattern of maintaining strategic decisions, despite the systematic decrease in performance and investments in the formal strategic planning (SP) and monitoring of results. The research focus is on strategic inertia and the influence of social determinants on the relationship between performance and the strategic actions negotiated in formal planning. Design/methodology/approach – This is a single-case study. The exploratory-descriptive research comprises data collection on performance and strategic decisions from the period between 2006 and 2014. The analysis was guided through documentary material and data collected from 16 interviews conducted with members of the middle to top management concerning performance, goals, and strategic initiatives. The interviewees’ statements were used to apprehend the interpreted dimension of SP expressed in the meanings attributed to this process. The analysis adopts a sociological base, and strategic inertia is the underlying phenomenon that guides this analysis. Findings – The results show the interactive effect caused by political, cognitive, discursive, and ceremonial mechanisms obstruct the company’s strategic decisions. This case study illustrates that the conditions for the phenomenon of path dependence were created, reinforcing the strategic inertia observed in the maintenance of a reproduced pattern of strategic initiatives and goals, even though the performance was recurrently unsatisfactory. In this case, strategic inertia showed a complex relationship between the interpreted performance and strategic actions negotiated in formal planning, conditioned by mechanisms of trajectory reinforcement that interfered with the conditions for strategic change. Research limitations/implications – Strategic inertia demonstrates a complex relationship between the interpreted performance and strategic actions negotiated in formal planning, conditioned by mechanisms of trajectory reinforcement that interfere with the conditions for strategic change. Future research on social mechanisms from the perspective of strategy-as-practice could be developed to capture the tacit components, language, power games, and other relevant categories in the social interaction of strategy development at the organizational level. In addition, future research could focus on investigating the extent to which path dependence is contingent, assuming that it is a temporary and, therefore, reversible process. Practical implications – This work contributes to the view of SP from the social perspective and shows that the relationship between performance and strategy has biases that can compromise performance. The work highlights implications for maintaining strategic initiative patterns, which shape a path whose function is less associated with its effects on performance and more associated with the commitment to instrumental results, due to the social nature of organizations.Social implications – This work deals with social mechanisms that influence strategic decisions. Since organizational performance depends on strategic decisions, the social nature of strategic inertia has causal implications to economic and social impact of organizations. Originality/value – This work argues in favor of the influence of self-reinforcing mechanisms of path dependence in the relationship between performance and strategic decisions. The results extended the predominantly structural approach of path dependence by considering interpretive aspects related to the political, discursive, cognitive, and ceremonial dimensions of strategic inertia. Keywords Organizational performance, Organizational strategy, Strategic inertia, Path dependenc

Hypertension as a factor associated with hearing loss

SummaryAimTo identify likely association between blood hypertension and hearing loss. Design: A non-paired case-control study. Setting: Institutional work carried out at Universidade Norte do Paraná, in South Brazil.Material and Method154 cases and 154 controls, both genders, aged 45 to 64, included in the research after sample estimation. Methodology: Hypertension was verified through blood pressure readings and by a systematized questionnaire about hypertension and the use of medication for blood pressure. Hearing was assessed through tonal threshold audiometrics and audiologic anamneses. Non-conditional logistic regression was used in order to control likely confusion or modification of effect of other variables on interest associations.ResultsThere is a significant association between blood hypertension and hearing loss. Hearing loss in the population under study suggests that hypertension is an accelerating factor of degeneration of the hearing apparatus due to aging.ConclusionsThe results in this research, through evidence of association between blood hypertension and hearing loss, can allow for an integrated work of cardiologists, nephrologists, otorhinolaryngologists, audiologists and other health professionals concerned with alterations caused by blood hypertension