205 research outputs found
Evolución de la fecundidad en América Latina: caso de Cuba
Incluye Bibliografí
Walking on common ground: a cross-disciplinary scoping review on the clinical utility of digital mobility outcomes
Physical mobility is essential to health, and patients often rate it as a high-priority clinical outcome. Digital mobility outcomes (DMOs), such as real-world gait speed or step count, show promise as clinical measures in many medical conditions. However, current research is nascent and fragmented by discipline. This scoping review maps existing evidence on the clinical utility of DMOs, identifying commonalities across traditional disciplinary divides. In November 2019, 11 databases were searched for records investigating the validity and responsiveness of 34 DMOs in four diverse medical conditions (Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hip fracture). Searches yielded 19,672 unique records. After screening, 855 records representing 775 studies were included and charted in systematic maps. Studies frequently investigated gait speed (70.4% of studies), step length (30.7%), cadence (21.4%), and daily step count (20.7%). They studied differences between healthy and pathological gait (36.4%), associations between DMOs and clinical measures (48.8%) or outcomes (4.3%), and responsiveness to interventions (26.8%). Gait speed, step length, cadence, step time and step count exhibited consistent evidence of validity and responsiveness in multiple conditions, although the evidence was inconsistent or lacking for other DMOs. If DMOs are to be adopted as mainstream tools, further work is needed to establish their predictive validity, responsiveness, and ecological validity. Cross-disciplinary efforts to align methodology and validate DMOs may facilitate their adoption into clinical practice
The HEV Ventilator
HEV is a low-cost, versatile, high-quality ventilator, which has been
designed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The ventilator is intended to be
used both in and out of hospital intensive care units, and for both invasive
and non-invasive ventilation. The hardware can be complemented with an external
turbine for use in regions where compressed air supplies are not reliably
available. The standard modes provided include PC-A/C(Pressure Assist
Control),PC-A/C-PRVC(Pressure Regulated Volume Control), PC-PSV (Pressure
Support Ventilation) and CPAP (Continuous Positive airway pressure). HEV is
designed to support remote training and post market surveillance via a web
interface and data logging to complement the standard touch screen operation,
making it suitable for a wide range of geographical deployment. The HEV design
places emphasis on the quality of the pressure curves and the reactivity of the
trigger, delivering a global performance which will be applicable to ventilator
needs beyond theCOVID-19 pandemic. This article describes the conceptual design
and presents the prototype units together with their performance evaluation.Comment: 34 pages, 18 figures, Extended version of the article submitted to
PNA
Concurso de relato corto "Guinea escribe"
Resumen: Los Centros Culturales de España en Bata y Malabo organizaron con motivo de la Semana del Libro el III Concurso de relato corto “Guinea Escribe” - Premio literario Fundación Martínez con el objetivo de fomentar la lectura y la escritura entre la juventud ecuatoguineana.Premios: Premio Literario Fundación MartínezPaliza emocional / Luis Ela Mico Mangué.-- Infierno / Marina Becheng Nguema Becheng.-- El caso / Alejandro Salvador Ebozogo Ayungono.-- Hiedra / Antonina Ada Okenve Obiang.-- El silencio que nunca salva / Mª Graciela Abogo Esono Nchama.-- Bajo peligro de muerte / Álvaro Mbuel Nzi
The Effect of Tear Supplementation on Ocular Surface Sensations during the Interblink Interval in Patients with Dry Eye.
PURPOSE: To investigate the characteristics of ocular surface sensations and corneal sensitivity during the interblink interval before and after tear supplementation in dry eye patients. METHODS: Twenty subjects (41.88+/-14.37 years) with dry eye symptoms were included in the dry eye group. Fourteen subjects (39.13+/-11.27 years) without any clinical signs and/or symptoms of dry eye were included in the control group. Tear film dynamics was assessed by non-invasive tear film breakup time (NI-BUT) in parallel with continuous recordings of ocular sensations during forced blinking. Corneal sensitivity to selective stimulation of corneal mechano-, cold and chemical receptors was assessed using a gas esthesiometer. All the measurements were made before and 5 min after saline and hydroxypropyl-guar (HP-guar) drops. RESULTS: In dry eye patients the intensity of irritation increased rapidly after the last blink during forced blinking, while in controls there was no alteration in the intensity during the first 10 sec followed by an exponential increase. Irritation scores were significantly higher in dry eye patients throughout the entire interblink interval compared to controls (p0.05). CONCLUSION: Ocular surface irritation responses due to tear film drying are considerably increased in dry eye patients compared to normal subjects. Although tear supplementation improves the protective tear film layer, and thus reduce unpleasant sensory responses, the rapid rise in discomfort is still maintained and might be responsible for the remaining complaints of dry eye patients despite the treatment
Assessment of nutritional risk among in-school adolescents from Cantabria
Seminario “Promoción de hábitos saludables en adolescentes desde el ámbito educativo”.Objetivo:
Evaluar el riesgo nutricional, por edad y
sexo, que presentan los adolescentes escolarizados en la
Comunidad Autónoma de Cantabria.
Sujetos:
Se realizó un estudio transversal, analizando
una muestra de 1101 adolescentes, de los que 51,6% eran
varones y 48,4% fueron mujeres de edades comprendidas
entre los 10 y los 17 años, escolarizados en centros de
enseñanza pública, mediante el cuestionario Krece Plus.
Resultados:
Se observa un elevado porcentaje de ado-
lescentes que presentan un riesgo nutricional elevado
(35%). Los varones presentan un riesgo nutricional alto
en un porcentaje ligeramente superior a las mujeres (37,8
%
vs
32,1%). Además, el riesgo nutricional alto sufre un
notable incremento a medida que la edad de los jóvenes
aumenta. Se aprecian diferencias estadísticamente signi-
ficativas tanto en los grupos de edad de los varones (p =
0,024), de las mujeres (p < 0,001) como en el grupo global
(p = 0,001). En los tres casos, la distribución del riego
nutricional en los grupos de menor edad es muy similar
(entre 35,2 y 35,8% en los
h
, entre 27,9 y 29,7% en las
m
, y
entre 31,7 y 32,7% en el grupo total). Mientras que en el
grupo de mayor edad estos valores prácticamente se
duplican (57,1% en los
h
, 69,0% en las
m
, y 62,2 % en el
grupo total).
Conclusión:
Los resultados obtenidos muestran una
realidad preocupante debido, principalmente, al elevado
porcentaje de adolescentes que presentan un riesgo nutri-
cional elevado. Siendo los varones y los adolescentes de
mayor edad los sectores en los que este riesgo nutricional
elevado es superior.Objective:
To analyse nutritional risk, by age and sex,
among primary and secondary education adolescents from
Cantabria.
Methodology:
a cross-sectional study was carried out,
analysing a sample of 1101 adolescents: 568 (51.6%) were
men and 533 (48.4%) were women, aged 12 to 17,
attending 16 different primary and secondary education
centres in Cantabria, by means of a Krece Plus
questionnaire.
Results:
A high percentage of adolescents with a high
nutritional risk (35%) can be observed. Men show a high
nutritional risk slightly higher than women (37.8%
h
vs
32.1%
m
). Moreover, the high nutritional risk expe riences
a notable increase as young people get older. Significant
statistical differences can be seen both in male and female
groups, and as a global group. In all three cases, the
nutritional risk distribution in the youngest group is very
similar (35.2-35.8% in
h
, 27.9-29.7% in
m
, 31.7-32.7% in
the global group); whereas in elder adolescents, those
values are practically doubled (57.1% in
h
, 69.0% in
m
, y
62.2% in the global group).
Conclusions:
Results are alarming mainly given the
high percentage of adolescents with a high nutritional
risk. Men and older adolescents are the groups in which
high nutritional risk is more evident
Prácticas alimentarias de los adolescentes de Cantabria
Objetivo. Analizar determinadas prácticas alimentarias
en adolescentes escolarizados en centros de educación pública
de Cantabria, participantes en el Proyecto "Promoción
de Hábitos Saludables en Adolescentes desde el Ámbito
Educativo".
Sujetos. Se realizó un estudio transversal, analizando
una muestra de 1.101 adolescentes: 568 (51,6%) varones y
533 (48,4%) mujeres, de edades comprendidas entre los 10 y
los 17 años, escolarizados en dieciséis centros de enseñanza
primaria y secundaria, mediante un cuestionario autocumplimentado.
Resultados. Los adolescentes suelen realizar entre cuatro
(41,5%) y cinco (31,6%) ingestas diarias. Durante los días
de colegio, el 34% emplea entre diez y quince minutos en
desayunar, y entre 30 y 35 minutos en comer (33,5%) y cenar
(23%). Un elevado porcentaje (49,4%) de adolescentes desayunaba
en soledad durante los días lectivos. Las principales
ingestas alimenticias se realizan en el hogar. Las bebidas no
alcohólicas (53,6%) y los dulces (42%) son los principales
destinos de su dinero de bolsillo. En la casi totalidad de los
hogares, es la madre la que se encarga de la compra de los
alimentos, de la preparación de las comidas y de decidir
tanto el almuerzo como la merienda. La pizza (72,6%) y las
patatas fritas (70,8%) son los alimentos considerados más
ricos entre los analizados, mientras que el perrito caliente (49,4%) y la hamburguesa (48,5%) son considerados como
los menos sanos. El 58,6% de los encuestados cena viendo
la televisión.
Conclusión. En el estudio del comportamiento alimentario
es necesario analizar la influencia de otros factores que,
en muchas ocasiones, están detrás de las recomendaciones
dietéticas y que casi siempre son ignorados. Prácticas alimentarias
como las analizadas en el presente estudio, permiten,
cuando estas se desarrollan de forma adecuada, una
mejora sustancial en la salud alimentaria y nutricional de
las personas
- …