Occupational Stress Among Nurse Administrators in General Hospitals in Tennessee

The purpose of this study was to determine the level of occupational stress among nurse administrators and to identify the types of strategies used by nurse administrators to deal with or manage occupational stress. The study examined the relationship between selected demographic variables, occupational stress, and strategies. The research design included five research questions along with seven null hypotheses testing the relationship between occupational stress and demographic variables--age, gender, marital status, years of professional nursing experience, years as a nurse administrator, educational attainment, and hospital bed capacity. There were seven additional hypotheses testing the relationship between the same demographic variables and three categories of coping strategies. The instrument used included the researcher-designed Demographic Questionnaire, the Health Professions Stress Inventory (HPSI), and a listing of 17 coping strategies. Nurse administrator\u27s HPSI overall mean stress score was lower than the HPSI mean stress level scores reported for nurses in previous studies. Five subscales of stressors (Stress Factors) were identified by analyzing the HPSI using Principal Components Factor Analysis. A statistical significant difference (p $\u3c$.05) was revealed for nurse administrators for: (1) overall stress level when tested by three of the demographic variables, years as a nurse administrator, educational attainment, and hospital bed capacity; (2) subscale level of stress when testing the HPSI five stress factors by marital status, years as a nurse administrator, and educational attainment. A statistical significant difference (p $\u3c$.05) for strategies used by nurse administrators was revealed with testing: (1) Avoidance strategy by demographic variables--age, number of years of professional experience, number of years as a nurse administrator, and hospital bed capacity and, (2) Active Cognitive strategy by demographic--gender. The Spearman Rho correlation coefficient procedures used to correlate the HPSI five Stress Factors with Active Cognitive, Active Behavioral, and Avoidance strategies revealed: (1) Stress Factor 1, Professional Conflicts was significantly related to Avoidance strategy (r\sb{\rm s} =.24). (2) Stress Factor 2, Lack of Recognition as a Professional, was negatively significantly correlated with Active Cognitive Strategy (r\sb{\rm s} = $-$.22). (3) Stress Factor 3, Work Overload, was significantly related to Active Cognitive strategy (r\sb{\rm s} =.23). (4) Nurse administrators overall stress was significantly related to Avoidance Strategy (r\sb{\rm s} =.28)

Reviews Matter: How Distributed Mentoring Predicts Lexical Diversity on Fanfiction.net

Fanfiction.net provides an informal learning space for young writers through distributed mentoring, networked giving and receiving of feedback. In this paper, we quantify the cumulative effect of feedback on lexical diversity for 1.5 million authors.Comment: Connected Learning Summit 201

Letter, 1973 December 21, from Ruby and Ossie Davis to Eva Jessye

1 page, Davis worked in televsion

Letter, 1978 June 2, from Ruby and Ossie Davis to Eva Jessye

1 page, Davis and Dee worked in advertising and were actors. Owen Meredith is mentioned. There is small biography about Ruby Dee attached

Letter, 1976 September 7, from Ossie Davis and Ruby Dee to Eva Jessye

1 page, Davis and Dee worked in advertising and were actors

Liberated or Recolonized: Making the Case for Embodied Evaluation in Peacebuilding

The quest to liberate and decolonize evaluation could create a recolonizing process in development evaluation unless practitioners pay attention to an embodied process that allows persons and communities in the global south to bring all of their epistemologies to an evaluation process. This will enable evaluation to be a learning process through which communities gain insights from their programs through their own ways of knowing. Constrained by time, resources, and limited commitment to the decolonization agenda, organizations and experts in evaluation could cause further harm to indigenous and local ways of knowing through half-baked decolonization processes . Through the lens of peacebuilding, this paper proposes an embodied evaluation as a practical way to decolonize evaluation, and reduce the risk of recolonizing the concepts and processes of project evaluation while addressing some of the power imbalances that lie beneath traditional evaluation and development. This paper suggests that monitoring , evaluation and learning of projects should be led by those most affected and closest to the problem being addressed and experts who assist in these processes should a assume a collaborative approach that requires the embodiment of the process and experiences of the affected. This approach is likely to generate reports through the world views of those affected and reduce dominance and imposition of external methodologies that distort outcomes of programmes. This paper is a reflection on practice, and a prompt for further research on embodied evaluation as a decolonizing agenda

Bioaccessibility Tests Accurately Estimate Bioavailability Of Lead To Quail

Hazards of soil-borne lead (Pb) to wild birds may be more accurately quantified if the bioavailability of that Pb is known. To better understand the bioavailability of Pb to birds, the authors measured blood Pb concentrations in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) fed diets containing Pb-contaminated soils. Relative bioavailabilities were expressed by comparison with blood Pb concentrations in quail fed a Pb acetate reference diet. Diets containing soil from 5 Pb-contaminated Superfund sites had relative bioavailabilities from 33% to 63%, with a mean of approximately 50%. Treatment of 2 of the soils with phosphorus (P) significantly reduced the bioavailability of Pb. Bioaccessibility of Pb in the test soils was then measured in 6 in vitro tests and regressed on bioavailability: the relative bioavailability leaching procedure at pH 1.5, the same test conducted at pH 2.5, the Ohio State University in vitro gastrointestinal method, the urban soil bioaccessible lead test, the modified physiologically based extraction test, and the waterfowl physiologically based extraction test. All regressions had positive slopes. Based on criteria of slope and coefficient of determination, the relative bioavailability leaching procedure at pH 2.5 and Ohio State University in vitro gastrointestinal tests performed very well. Speciation by X-ray absorption spectroscopy demonstrated that, on average, most of the Pb in the sampled soils was sorbed to minerals (30%), bound to organic matter (24%), or present as Pb sulfate (18%). Additional Pb was associated with P (chloropyromorphite, hydroxypyromorphite, and tertiary Pb phosphate) and with Pb carbonates, leadhillite (a lead sulfate carbonate hydroxide), and Pb sulfide. The formation of chloropyromorphite reduced the bioavailability of Pb, and the amendment of Pb-contaminated soils with P may be a thermodynamically favored means to sequester Pb

Two Out of Three Ain’t Bad: 3 Year Progress Report of Multi-Species Non-Invasive Montioring of Forest Carnivores in the Southwest Crown of the Continent

The Southwestern Crown of the Continent is a 1.5 million acre landscape in western Montana that has been the focus of collaborative forest restoration since 2010. Monitoring the effects on forest carnivores of forest restoration efforts can aid land management decisions significantly. A multi-party working group initiated field work to collect baseline information regarding the distribution and relative abundance of forest carnivores across the Southwestern Crown. In the winters of 2012-2014, we employed non-invasive detection methods, including systematic grid-based snowtrack surveys (with backtracking to obtain genetic samples), combined with baited DNA snares and camera traps, to detect target species, including lynx (Lynx canadensis), wolverine (Gulo gulo), and fisher (Pekania pennanti). We surveyed 82 of the 129 5 x 5 mile grid cells in the study area, resulting in 3,366 miles of track surveys, and 274+ bait stations.  We detected lynx in 35 cells and wolverine in 38 cells. The number of cells where lynx were detected was consistent between survey years, while the number of wolverine detection cells increased each survey year.  We did not detect any fisher in the study area.  Genetics have identified at least 18 individual lynx (13 M, 5 F) and 15 individual wolverines (6 M, 9 F).  The combination of two detection methods improved our ability to detect species, including non-target species, compared with either method alone. Our methods could be deployed more widely in Montana

Localisation of oestrogen receptors in stem cells and in stem cell derived neurons of the mouse

Oestrogen receptors (ER) transduce the effects of the endogenous ligand, 17b-estradiol in cells to regulate a number of important processes such as reproduction, neuroprotection, learning and memory and anxiety. The ERa or ERb are classical intracellular nuclear hormone receptors while some of their variants or novel proteins such as the GPCR, GPER1/GPR30 are reported to localise in intracellular as well as plasma membrane locations. Though the brain is an important target for oestrogen with oestrogen receptors expressed differentially in various nuclei, subcellular organisation and crossttalk between these receptors is underexplored. Using an adapted protocol that is rapid, we first generated neurons from mouse embryonic stem cells. Our immunocytochemistry approach shows that the full length ERa (ERa-66) and for the first time, that an ERa variant, ERa-36, as well as GPER1 is present in embryonic stem cells. In addition, these receptors typically decrease their nuclear localisation as neuronal maturation proceeds. Finally, though these ERs are present in many subcellular compartments such as the nucleus and plasma membrane, we show that they are specifically not colocalised with each other, suggesting that they initiate distinct signalling pathways