Relevance differently affects the truth, acceptability, and probability evaluations of “and”, “but”, “therefore”, and “if–then”

In this study we investigate the influence of reason-relation readings of indicative conditionals and ‘and’/‘but’/‘therefore’ sentences on various cognitive assessments. According to the Frege-Grice tradition, a dissociation is expected. Specifically, differences in the reason-relation reading of these sentences should affect participants’ evaluations of their acceptability but not of their truth value. In two experiments we tested this assumption by introducing a relevance manipulation into the truth-table task as well as in other tasks assessing the participants’ acceptability and probability evaluations. Across the two experiments a strong dissociation was found. The reason-relation reading of all four sentences strongly affected their probability and acceptability evaluations, but hardly affected their respective truth evaluations. Implications of this result for recent work on indicative conditionals are discussed

Conditionals, Individual Variation, and the Scorekeeping Task

In this manuscript we study individual variation in the interpretation of conditionals by establishing individual profiles of the participants based on their behavioral responses and reflective attitudes. To investigate the participants’ reflective attitudes we introduce a new experimental paradigm called the Scorekeeping Task, and a Bayesian mixture model tailored to analyze the data. The goal is thereby to identify the participants who follow the Suppositional Theory of conditionals and Inferentialism and to investigate their performance on the uncertain and-to-if inference task

Beyond Migration: Understanding the Effects of Repository Migration on User Experiences and Repository Services

Change is inevitable. As repository systems evolve, institutions may evaluate whether or not their current and future repository needs will be met. If they are not met, an institution may decide to migrate repository platforms. But repository systems are not agnostic. In many cases, repositories will offer completely different user experiences, services, functionality, and capabilities. Inevitably, an institution will need to evaluate what will be gained or loss due to a repository migration. What should an institution do if key functionality, such as discovery, were broken because of a migration? What could be learned from the current migration, or what additional services and functionality would a new repository present, that would aid in future migrations? In 2018, the Carnegie Mellon University Libraries migrated 33,000 items from their former Digital Commons repository to their new figshare for institutions repository. Additionally, a number of materials were migrated to other institutions where those materials were better suited to be housed. This presentation will discuss the evaluation of repository gains and losses created by the migration. Additionally, this presentation will highlight what additional projects were necessary to ensure that user services and discovery could be directed to the new locations of the content

Idaho Land Use/Regulation & Off Road Highway Vehicle Use

In the last twenty-five years, Idaho has noticed a dramatic increase in the usage of motorized vehicles in Idaho’s backcountry. This land has mass appeal for its remote wilderness qualities that include hiking, fishing, hunting, and other recreational activities. To accommodate the increased amount of off-road vehicles, Idaho’s government agencies have found it difficult to designate cohesive usages of the land. With the expansion of ATV use in Idaho backcountry, ecological damages have progressively gotten worse. In order to address these damages, in 2005 travel management plans were implemented for future ATV usage. Because these restrictions were put in place, conflict has increased between special interests groups who are for open access, and those who are for the conservation and preservation of this land. Through research of environmental impact studies and cost benefit analyses, we have determined a value of both protecting and expanding usage of Idaho wilderness. Increase usages of this land from off-road vehicles will result in further ecological destruction. In order to avoid this dilemma, a comprehensive strategy must be designed that will benefit both the conservationists, off road enthusiasts, regulatory agencies, and the land itself. The most preferable solution to appease both parties is to allocate adequate opportunity equally for both motorized and non-motorized recreational users

Developing Predictive Molecular Maps of Human Disease through Community-based Modeling

The failure of biology to identify the molecular causes of disease has led to disappointment in the rate of development of new medicines. By combining the power of community-based modeling with broad access to large datasets on a platform that promotes reproducible analyses we can work towards more predictive molecular maps that can deliver better therapeutics

Metabolic Profiles Point Out Metabolic Pathways Pivotal in Two Glioblastoma (GBM) Cell Lines, U251 and U-87MG

Funding Information: The institutions are funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia/Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (FCT/MCTES, Portugal) through national funds to iNOVA4Health (UIDB/04462/2020 and UIDP/04462/2020), to MOSTMICRO-ITQB (UIDB/04612/2020 and UIDP/04612/2020), and the Associated Laboratory LS4FUTURE (LA/P/0087/2020). Filipa Martins was funded by an FCT individual Ph.D. fellowship (2020.04780.BD). Luis G. Gonçalves was financed by a FCT contract according to DL57/2016, (SFRH/BPD/111100/2015). This work benefited from access to CERMAX, ITQB-NOVA, Oeiras, Portugal with equipment funded by FCT, project AAC 01/SAICT/2016. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal central nervous system (CNS) tumor, mainly due to its high heterogeneity, invasiveness, and proliferation rate. These tumors remain a therapeutic challenge, and there are still some gaps in the GBM biology literature. Despite the significant amount of knowledge produced by research on cancer metabolism, its implementation in cancer treatment has been limited. In this study, we explored transcriptomics data from the TCGA database to provide new insights for future definition of metabolism-related patterns useful for clinical applications. Moreover, we investigated the impact of key metabolites (glucose, lactate, glutamine, and glutamate) in the gene expression and metabolic profile of two GBM cell lines, U251 and U-87MG, together with the impact of these organic compounds on malignancy cell features. GBM cell lines were able to adapt to the exposure to each tested organic compound. Both cell lines fulfilled glycolysis in the presence of glucose and were able to produce and consume lactate. Glutamine dependency was also highlighted, and glutamine and glutamate availability favored biosynthesis observed by the increase in the expression of genes involved in fatty acid (FA) synthesis. These findings are relevant and point out metabolic pathways to be targeted in GBM and also reinforce that patients’ metabolic profiling can be useful in terms of personalized medicine.publishersversionpublishe

Fluid Powered Vehicle Challenge: Team Soulenoid Cycle

The National Fluid Power Association is a trade association that unifies customers and manufacturers within the hydraulics industry. Extending their partnership to universities, the annual Fluid Powered Vehicle Competition challenges college teams to design, build, and test a fluid-powered vehicle with the goal of educating students about the hydraulics industry and building career connections. Soulenoid Cycle produced the next iteration of Cal Poly’s fluid powered vehicle for the 2021 competition. This report summarizes research, ideation, component selection, initial and final design, manufacturing, and competition results conducted by Soulenoid Cycle. Relevant research includes successful current and past vehicles, the operation of a hydraulic propulsion system, and popular controller and sensor choices for hydraulic systems. Based on the requirements of the competition, performance of competitors, and guidance from a previous Cal Poly team, Soulenoid Cycle identified three major areas of improvement for this year’s competing vehicle: sprint time, hydraulic efficiency, and mechatronics. Development of the goals and objectives discussed in this report were critical to the success of this project. By solidifying a foundation of preliminary research, defining the scope of work, and making initial design and component selections, Soulenoid Cycle was successful when approaching final vehicle design and manufacturing, and the 2021 Fluid Powered Vehicle Competition

Sensibilidade metacognitiva : mecanismos de monitorização e reversão de falsas memórias

Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Cognição Social Aplicada), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, 2008Nas últimas décadas, têm-se alcançado grandes desenvolvimentos na modelação da memória humana, especialmente na memória de reconhecimento. Os modelos actualmente propostos podem ser divididos em dois tipos, os modelos globalistas e os modelos dualistas, ambos capazes de descrever eficazmente a grande maioria dos efeitos encontrados na literatura. Apesar destes desenvolvimentos, os modelos de memória não têm sido capazes de incorporar os mecanismos de monitorização da memória, ignorando inúmeros efeitos de supressão de memórias falsas encontrados na literatura sobre o paradigma DRM. Esta situação ocorre porque a monitorização simplesmente não é contemplada pelos modelos, e pelo facto de que medidas de memória populares como a Teoria de Detecção de Sinal são incapazes de distinguir entre a monitorização das memórias, e a força das memórias. Esta limitação resulta em modelos que não permitem a monitorização e consequentemente, a manifestação de reversões de resposta com uma acuidade acima do acaso. O programa experimental aqui estabelecido procura propor “novas” medidas de monitorização da memória, derivadas da Teoria de Detecção de Sinal Tipo-2, e através destas, identificar os diferentes componentes processuais subjacentes à monitorização da memória. A primeira experiência procura avaliar a acuidade metacognitiva dos indivíduos no paradigma DRM, e identificar os componentes processuais subjacentes desse desempenho. A segunda experiência procura testar a previsão dos modelos de memória em relação à monitorização, assumindo-se uma versão “relaxada” dos modelos, que assume a acumulação de evidências ao longo do tempo. As implicações dos estudos e medidas aqui propostas na investigação em memória de reconhecimento são discutidas.In the last decades, there has been a tremendous development in memory modelling literature, especially in terms of recognition memory. These models can be divided in two major classes, global models and dualist models, both accounting for most of the phenomenon encountered in the relevant literature. In spite of these developments, memory models haven’t accounted for memory monitoring mechanisms, ignoring the numerous false memory suppression effects encountered in the DRM paradigm literature. This situation occurs because memory monitoring is simply not predicted by the models, and the fact that popular memory measures, like the ones provided by signal detection theory are unable to distinguish between memory monitoring and memory strength. This limitation results in models that don’t allow for memory monitoring, and subsequently, response reversals in memory judgments whose accuracy is above-chance. The proposed experimental program sets out to consider “new” measures of memory monitoring, derived from Type-2 Signal Detection Theory, and through them, highlight the different processes underlying memory monitoring. The first experiment sets out to understand metacognitive accuracy in the DRM paradigm, and to assess the process components underlying the participants’ performance. The second experiment tests the models’ prediction of chance-level monitoring accuracy by assuming a more “relaxed” version that assumes evidence accumulation throughout time, which can theoretically account for the monitoring accuracy results. The implications of the proposed study and measures in future recognition memory research are discussed