Heart defibrillation : relationship between pacing threshold and defibrillation probability

Considering the clinical importance of the ventricular fibrillation and that the most used therapy to reverse it has a critical side effect on the cardiac tissue, it is desirable to optimize defibrillation parameters to increase its efficiency. In this study, we investigated the influence of stimuli duration on the relationship between pacing threshold and defibrillation probability. We found out that 0.5-ms-long pulses had a lower ratio of defibrillation probability to the pacing threshold, although the higher the pulse duration the lower is the electric field intensity required to defibrillate the hearts. The appropriate choice of defibrillatory shock parameters is able to increase the efficiency of the defibrillation improving the survival chances after the occurrence of a severe arrhythmia. The relationship between pulse duration and the probability of reversal of fibrillation shows that this parameter cannot be underestimated in defibrillator design since different pulse durations have different levels of safety.181COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPNão tem2011/51199-6; 2011/51199-6The authors are grateful to the R&D team at CEB/UNICAMP and NMCE-Núcleo de Medicina e Cirurgia Experimental at Faculty of Medical Science-UNICAMP for the valuable technical support. This study was supported by CAPES (Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel, in Portuguese, scholarship to Priscila C. Antoneli) and FAPESP (Foundation for Research of the State of São Paulo, in Portuguese, Proc. N 2011/51199-6). This study was supported by CAPES (Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel, in Portuguese, scholarship to Priscila C. Antoneli) and FAPESP (Foundation for Research of the State of São Paulo, in Portuguese, Proc. N 2011/51199-6

Impact of traumatic dental injuries and malocclusions on quality of life of young children

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The presence of traumatic dental injuries and malocclusions can have a negative impact on quality of life of young children and their parents, affecting their oral health and well-being. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of traumatic dental injuries and anterior malocclusion traits on the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) of children between 2 and 5 years-old.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Parents of 260 children answered the six domains of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) on their perception of the OHRQoL (outcome). Two calibrated dentists assessed the types of traumatic dental injuries (Kappa = 0.9) and the presence of anterior malocclusion traits (Kappa = 1.0). OHRQoL was measured using the ECOHIS. Poisson regression was used to associate the type of traumatic dental injury and the presence of anterior malocclusion traits to the outcome.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The presence of anterior malocclusion traits did not show a negative impact on the overall OHRQoL mean or in each domain. Only complicated traumatic dental injuries showed a negative impact on the <it>symptoms </it>(p = 0.005), <it>psychological </it>(p = 0.029), <it>self image/social interaction </it>(p = 0.004) and <it>family function </it>(p = 0.018) domains and on the overall OHRQoL mean score (p = 0.002). The presence of complicated traumatic dental injuries showed an increased negative impact on the children's quality of life (RR = 1.89; 95% CI = 1.36, 2.63; p < 0.001).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Complicated traumatic dental injuries have a negative impact on the OHRQoL of preschool children and their parents, but anterior malocclusion traits do not.</p

Emission Profiles of Carbonyl Compounds at a Brazilian Charcoal Plant

A indústria siderúrgica brasileira consome grandes quantidades de carvão vegetal. As carvoarias são responsáveis por emissões atmosféricas de compostos orgânicos voláteis tais como compostos carbonílicos (CC). Neste trabalho, foram determinados o perfil e as concentrações de CC em fase vapor durante a produção de carvão vegetal a partir de eucalipto. As amostras foram coletadas próximas aos fornos, em cartuchos de sílica revestidos com 2,4-dinitrofenilidrazina e, em seguida, extraídas e analisadas por HPLC-DAD-MS (cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência acoplada a detector de arranjo de diodo e espectrômetro de massas). Doze CC foram identificados e quantificados, entre eles acetaldeído e os pares coeluídos furfural/propanal, acroleína/propanona e 2-pentenal/pentanal. Estes três pares tiveram seus picos resolvidos por meio de espectrometria de massas para doze amostras e individualmente quantificados. Os perfis obtidos indicaram uma maior abundância do par furfural/propanal nas três fases de carbonização, seguido do acetaldeído na primeira fase e do 2-oxobutanal nas segunda e terceira fases. Furfural/propanal e acetaldeído se destacaram dentre os CC determinados nas proximidades dos fornos, com concentrações médias de 4948 e 2558 µg m -3 e concentrações máximas de 11655 e 4805 µg m -3 , respectivamente. Brazilian steel industry consumes huge amounts of charcoal. The charcoal plants are responsible for atmospheric emissions of volatile organic compounds such as carbonyl compounds (CC). In this work, the profile and the concentrations of CC in the vapor phase were determined during the charcoal production from eucalyptus. Samples were collected near kilns on silica cartridges coated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, and then extracted and analyzed by HPLC-DAD-MS (high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector and mass spectrometry). Twelve CC were identified and quantified, amongst them acetaldehyde and the co-eluting acrolein/ propanone, furfural/propanal and 2-pentenal/pentanal pairs. These three pairs were peak resolved by mass spectra for twelve samples and thus individually quantified. The profiles obtained indicated the furfural/propanal pair as the most abundant in all three carbonization stages, followed by acetaldehyde in the first stage and 2-oxobutanal in the second and third stages. Furfural/propanal and acetaldehyde stood out among CC determined near the kilns, with average concentrations of 4948 and 2558 µg m -3 and maximum concentrations of 11655 and 4805 µg m -3 , respectively

Budd-Chiari syndrome in a 25-year-old woman with Behçet's disease: a case report and review of the literature

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>The risk that patients with Behçet's disease will develop thrombotic complications has been previously described. Although it is distributed worldwide, Behçet's disease is rare in the Americas and Europe. Even though the pathogenic mechanisms of vascular complications of Budd-Chiari syndrome in patients with Behçet's disease are unknown, severe vascular complications of Budd-Chiari syndrome associated with Behçet's disease seem to affect mainly young men.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We report a case of Budd-Chiari syndrome, a severe vascular complication that developed in a 25-year-old Afro-Brazilian woman with Behçet's disease.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Severe vascular complications of Budd-Chiari syndrome in patients with Behçet's disease are much more common in young adult male patients; we present a rare case of Budd-Chiari syndrome in a young Afro-Brazilian woman with Behçet's disease.</p

Risk-Benefit Assessment of Cereal-Based Foods Consumed by Portuguese Children Aged 6 to 36 Months-A Case Study under the RiskBenefit4EU Project

This article belongs to the Section Pediatric Nutrition.Cereal-based foods, including breakfast (BC) and infant cereals (IC), are among the first solid foods introduced to infants. BC and IC are sources of macro and micronutrients that have bene ficial effects on health, but can also be sources of harmful chemical and microbiological contaminants and nutrients that may lead to adverse health effects at high consumption levels. This study was performed under the RiskBenefit4EU project with the aim of assessing the health impact associated with consumption of BC and IC by Portuguese children under 35 months. Adverse effects associated with the presence of aflatoxins, Bacillus cereus, sodium and free sugars were assessed against the benefits of fiber intake. We applied a risk–benefit assessment approach, and quantified the health impact of changes in consumption of BC and IC from current to various alternative consumption scenarios. Health impact was assessed in terms of disability-adjusted life years. Results showed that moving from the current consumption scenario to considered alternative scenarios results in a gain of healthy life years. Portuguese children can benefit from exchanging intake of IC to BC, if the BC consumed has an adequate nutritional profile in terms of fiber, sodium and free sugars, with levels of aflatoxins reduced as much as possible.This research was funded by European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) (Grant Agreement Number–GA/EFSA/AFSCO/2017/01–GA02) (The authors declare that this manuscript reflects only the authors’ view and EFSA is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.). R.A., P.A. and C.M. also thanks FCT/MCTES for the financial support to CESAM (UIDP/50017/2020 + UIDB/50017/2020), through national funds. R.A. was supported by FCT Individual CEEC 2018 Assistant Researcher Grant CEECIND/01570/2018.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Synthesis, Cytotoxicity, and Antileishmanial Activity of N,N'-Disubstituted Ethylenediamine and Imidazolidine Derivatives

This paper describes the preparation of N,N'-disubstituted ethylenediamine and imidazolidine derivatives and their in vitro biological activities against Leishmania species. Of the nine synthesized compounds, five displayed a good activity in both L. amazonensis and L. major promastigotes. The compounds 1,2-Bis(p-methoxybenzyl)ethylenediamine (4) and 1,3-Bis(p-methoxybenzyl)imidazolidines (5) showed the best activity on intracellular amastigotes, with IC50 values of 2.0 and 9.4 μ/mL, respectively. In addition, none of compounds were cytotoxic against mammalian cells. The leishmanicidal activity can be related with inhibition of polyamine synthesis and cellular penetration within biological membranes

DESAFIOS E APRENDIZADOS DAS AÇÕES DE EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL NA OCUPAÇÃO VISTA ALEGRE DO JUÁ, SANTARÉM, PARÁ

O recorrente aumento das zonas urbanas e a redução das áreas arborizadas acarretam baixa qualidade aos ambientes de convivência social. A educação ambiental entra como ferramenta auxiliadora de criação e manutenção dessas áreas. Com objetivo de contribuir para a qualidade ambiental em uma zona de ocupação irregular no município de Santarém, Pará, desenvolveu-se um trabalho de arborização, atrelando ações educativas, associando preservação e educação. Procedeu-se com a atividades de produção de mudas e plantio de espécies arbóreas, junto a práticas educacionais voltadas a educação ambiental, como discussão de temáticas ambientais. Foram desenvolvidas atividades de contação de histórias, construção de maquetes e desenhos, além de práticas de produção de mudas, compostagem, plantio e cuidados com as espécies arbóreas. Ocorreu contribuição significativa para com as crianças e jovens, na formação de uma consciência crítica, incentivando-as a agir de maneira mais ativa dentro do contexto abordado. Palavras-chave: Educação ambiental; produção de mudas; compostagem; consciência ecológica