4,457 research outputs found
Private set intersection: A systematic literature review
Secure Multi-party Computation (SMPC) is a family of protocols which allow some parties to compute a function on their private inputs, obtaining the output at the end and nothing more. In this work, we focus on a particular SMPC problem named Private Set Intersection (PSI). The challenge in PSI is how two or more parties can compute the intersection of their private input sets, while the elements that are not in the intersection remain private. This problem has attracted the attention of many researchers because of its wide variety of applications, contributing to the proliferation of many different approaches. Despite that, current PSI protocols still require heavy cryptographic assumptions that may be unrealistic in some scenarios. In this paper, we perform a Systematic Literature Review of PSI solutions, with the objective of analyzing the main scenarios where PSI has been studied and giving the reader a general taxonomy of the problem together with a general understanding of the most common tools used to solve it. We also analyze the performance using different metrics, trying to determine if PSI is mature enough to be used in realistic scenarios, identifying the pros and cons of each protocol and the remaining open problems.This work has been partially supported by the projects: BIGPrivDATA (UMA20-FEDERJA-082) from the FEDER Andalucía 2014–
2020 Program and SecTwin 5.0 funded by the Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain, and the European Union (Next Generation EU) (TED2021-129830B-I00). The first author has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Education under the National F.P.U. Program (FPU19/01118). Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga/CBU
Probing the " from " supersymmetric standard model with displaced multileptons from the decay of a Higgs boson at the LHC
The " from " supersymmetric standard model (SSM) cures the
-problem and concurrently reproduces measured neutrino data by using a set
of usual right-handed neutrino superfields. Recently, the LHC has revealed the
first scalar boson which naturally makes it tempting to test SSM in the
light of this new discovery. We show that this new scalar while decaying to a
pair of unstable long-lived neutralinos, can lead to a distinct signal with
non-prompt multileptons. With concomitant collider analysis we show that this
signal provides an unmistakable signature of the model, pronounced with light
neutralinos. Evidence of this signal is well envisaged with sophisticated
displaced vertex analysis, which deserves experimental attention.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, title, text, abstract and references modifie
Hunting physics beyond the standard model with unusual and decays
Nonstandard on-shell decays of and bosons are possible within the
framework of extended supersymmetric models, i.e., with singlet states and/or
new couplings compared to the minimal supersymmetric standard model. These
modes are typically encountered in regions of the parameter space with light
singlet-like scalars, pseudoscalars, and neutralinos. In this letter we
emphasize how these states can lead to novel signals at colliders from - or
-boson decays with prompt or displaced multileptons/tau
jets/jets/photons in the final states. These new modes would give distinct
evidence of new physics even when direct searches remain unsuccessful. We
discuss the possibilities of probing these new signals using the existing LHC
run-I data set. We also address the same in the context of the LHC run-II, as
well as for the future colliders. We exemplify our observations with the "
from " supersymmetric standard model, where three generations of
right-handed neutrino superfields are used to solve shortcomings of the minimal
supersymmetric standard model. We also extend our discussion for other variants
of supersymmetric models that can accommodate similar signatures.Comment: New discussions and references added, 8 pages, 1 figure, matches with
the published version in Phys. Rev.
A Chandra View Of Nonthermal Emission In The Northwestern Region Of Supernova Remnant RCW 86: Particle Acceleration And Magnetic Fields
The shocks of supernova remnants (SNRs) are believed to accelerate particles
to cosmic ray (CR) energies. The amplification of the magnetic field due to CRs
propagating in the shock region is expected to have an impact on both the
emission from the accelerated particle population, as well as the acceleration
process itself. Using a 95 ks observation with the Advanced CCD Imaging
Spectrometer (ACIS) onboard the Chandra X-ray Observatory, we map and
characterize the synchrotron emitting material in the northwestern region of
RCW 86. We model spectra from several different regions, filamentary and
diffuse alike, where emission appears dominated by synchrotron radiation. The
fine spatial resolution of Chandra allows us to obtain accurate emission
profiles across 3 different non-thermal rims in this region. The narrow width
(l = 10''-30'') of these filaments constrains the minimum magnetic field
strength at the post-shock region to be approximately 80 {\mu}G.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, submitted for publication at the Astrophysical
Journa
Looking for the left sneutrino LSP with displaced-vertex searches
We analyze a displaced dilepton signal expected at the LHC for a tau left
sneutrino as the lightest supersymmetric particle with a mass in the range
- GeV. The sneutrinos are pair produced via a virtual , or
in the channel and, given the large value of the tau Yukawa
coupling, their decays into two dileptons or a dilepton plus missing transverse
energy from neutrinos can be significant. The discussion is carried out in the
SSM, where the presence of -parity violating couplings involving
right-handed neutrinos solves the problem and can reproduce the neutrino
data. To probe the tau left sneutrinos we compare the predictions of the SSM with the ATLAS search for long-lived particles using displaced lepton
pairs in collisions at TeV, allowing us to constrain the
parameter space of the model. We also consider an optimization of the trigger
requirements used in existing displaced-vertex searches by means of a High
Level Trigger that exploits tracker information. This optimization is
generically useful for a light metastable particle decaying into soft charged
leptons. The constraints on the sneutrino turn out to be more stringent. We
finally discuss the prospects for the TeV LHC searches as well as further
potential optimizations.Comment: Version published in PRD, discussions expanded, references added, LEP
and LHC constraints discussed in more detail, 29 pages, 9 figures, 9 table
The Role of Stellar Feedback in the Dynamics of HII Regions
Stellar feedback is often cited as the biggest uncertainty in galaxy
formation models today. This uncertainty stems from a dearth of observational
constraints as well as the great dynamic range between the small scales (<1 pc)
where the feedback occurs and the large scales of galaxies (>1 kpc) that are
shaped by this feedback. To bridge this divide, in this paper we aim to assess
observationally the role of stellar feedback at the intermediate scales of HII
regions. In particular, we employ multiwavelength data to examine several
stellar feedback mechanisms in a sample of 32 HII regions in the Large and
Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC and SMC, respectively). Using optical, infrared,
radio, and X-ray images, we measure the pressures exerted on the shells from
the direct stellar radiation, the dust-processed radiation, the warm ionized
gas, and the hot X-ray emitting gas. We find that the warm ionized gas
dominates over the other terms in all of the sources, although two have
comparable dust-processed radiation pressures to their warm gas pressures. The
hot gas pressures are comparatively weak, while the direct radiation pressures
are 1-2 orders of magnitude below the other terms. We discuss the implications
of these results, particularly highlighting evidence for hot gas leakage from
the HII shells and regarding the momentum deposition from the dust-processed
radiation to the warm gas. Furthermore, we emphasize that similar observational
work should be done on very young HII regions to test whether direct radiation
pressure and hot gas can drive the dynamics at early times.Comment: 19 pages, 8 figures; accepted by Ap
Dark matter candidates in the NMSSM with RH neutrino superfields
R-parity conserving supersymmetric models with right-handed (RH) neutrinos
are very appealing since they could naturally explain neutrino physics and also
provide a good dark matter (DM) candidate such as the lightest supersymmetric
particle (LSP). In this work we consider the next-to-minimal supersymmetric
standard model (NMSSM) plus RH neutrino superfields, with effective Majorana
masses dynamically generated at the electroweak scale (EW). We perform a scan
of the relevant parameter space and study both possible DM candidates: RH
sneutrino and neutralino. Especially for the case of RH sneutrino DM we analyse
the intimate relation between both candidates to obtain the correct amount of
relic density. Besides the well-known resonances, annihilations through scalar
quartic couplings and coannihilation mechanisms with all kind of neutralinos,
are crucial. Finally, we present the impact of current and future direct and
indirect detection experiments on both DM candidates.Comment: Version published in JCAP, 40 pages, 8 figures, 6 table
Causal Scoring Medical Image Explanations: A Case Study On Ex-vivo Kidney Stone Images
On the promise that if human users know the cause of an output, it would
enable them to grasp the process responsible for the output, and hence provide
understanding, many explainable methods have been proposed to indicate the
cause for the output of a model based on its input. Nonetheless, little has
been reported on quantitative measurements of such causal relationships between
the inputs, the explanations, and the outputs of a model, leaving the
assessment to the user, independent of his level of expertise in the subject.
To address this situation, we explore a technique for measuring the causal
relationship between the features from the area of the object of interest in
the images of a class and the output of a classifier. Our experiments indicate
improvement in the causal relationships measured when the area of the object of
interest per class is indicated by a mask from an explainable method than when
it is indicated by human annotators. Hence the chosen name of Causal
Explanation Score (CaES
Probing the SSM with light scalars, pseudoscalars and neutralinos from the decay of a SM-like Higgs boson at the LHC
The " from " supersymmetric standard model (SSM) can
accommodate the newly discovered Higgs-like scalar boson with a mass around 125
GeV. This model provides a solution to the -problem and simultaneously
reproduces correct neutrino physics by the simple use of right-handed neutrino
superfields. These new superfields together with the introduced -parity
violation can produce novel and characteristic signatures of the SSM at
the LHC. We explore the signatures produced through two-body Higgs decays into
the new states, provided that these states lie below in the mass spectrum. For
example, a pair produced light neutralinos depending on the associated decay
length can give rise to displaced multi-leptons/taus/jets/photons with
small/moderate missing transverse energy. In the same spirit, a Higgs-like
scalar decaying to a pair of scalars/pseudoscalars can produce final states
with prompt multi-leptons/taus/jets/photons.Comment: 58 pages, 3 figures, three new references added, matches with the
published version in JHE
- …