Saturation of the Quantum Null Energy Condition in Far-From-Equilibrium Systems

The Quantum Null Energy Condition (QNEC) is a new local energy condition that a general Quantum Field Theory (QFT) is believed to satisfy, relating the classical null energy condition (NEC) to the second functional derivative of the entanglement entropy in the corresponding null direction. We present the first series of explicit computations of QNEC in a strongly coupled QFT, using holography. We consider the vacuum, thermal equilibrium, a homogeneous far-from-equilibrium quench as well as a colliding system that violates NEC. For vacuum and the thermal phase QNEC is always weaker than NEC. While for the homogeneous quench QNEC is satisfied with a finite gap, we find the interesting result that the colliding system can saturate QNEC, depending on the null direction.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure

Exploring nonlocal observables in shock wave collisions

We study the time evolution of 2-point functions and entanglement entropy in strongly anisotropic, inhomogeneous and time-dependent N=4 super Yang-Mills theory in the large N and large 't Hooft coupling limit using AdS/CFT. On the gravity side this amounts to calculating the length of geodesics and area of extremal surfaces in the dynamical background of two colliding gravitational shockwaves, which we do numerically. We discriminate between three classes of initial conditions corresponding to wide, intermediate and narrow shocks, and show that they exhibit different phenomenology with respect to the nonlocal observables that we determine. Our results permit to use (holographic) entanglement entropy as an order parameter to distinguish between the two phases of the cross-over from the transparency to the full-stopping scenario in dynamical Yang-Mills plasma formation, which is frequently used as a toy model for heavy ion collisions. The time evolution of entanglement entropy allows to discern four regimes: highly efficient initial growth of entanglement, linear growth, (post) collisional drama and late time (polynomial) fall off. Surprisingly, we found that 2-point functions can be sensitive to the geometry inside the black hole apparent horizon, while we did not find such cases for the entanglement entropy.Comment: 28 pp, 9 figs; v2: updated references, changed color bars in Figure 2 and Figure

dS2 as excitation of AdS2

Title- dS2 as excitation of AdS2 We introduce a family of 2D dilaton gravity models with state-dependent constant curvature so that dS2 emerges as an excitation of AdS2. Curiously, the strong coupling region corresponds to the asymptotic region geometrically. Apart from these key differences, many features resemble the Almheiri–Polchinski model. We discuss perturbative and non-perturbative thermodynamical stability, bubble nucleation through matter shockwaves, and semiclassical backreaction effects. In some of these models, we find that low temperatures are dominated by AdS2 but high temperatures are dominated by dS2, concurrent with a recent proposal by Susskind

Fünf Jahre Bachelor FH in der Schweiz

Copyright ©Swiss Chemical Society: CHIMIA, 64(7/8), 617-620, 2010, https://doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2010.617Berufsbefähigung und Praxisorientierung, das sind die Merkmale der Chemiker und Chemikerinnen, die an den vier Fachhochschulen in der Schweiz zu Bachelors of Science ausgebildet werden. Die Ausbildung zum Chemiker ist an den Hochschulen unterschiedlich ausgeprägt und eingebettet. Gemeinsam ist den Programmen die Vermittlung einer soliden theoretischen und praktischen Ausbildung, die auf eine gute Arbeitsmarktfähigkeit der Studierenden abzielt. Die Leichtigkeit, mit der die Absolvierenden Stellen finden, weist darauf hin, dass die erworbenen Kompetenzen von der Industrie nachgefragt werden

Auxin-sensitive Aux/IAA proteins mediate drought tolerance in Arabidopsis by regulating glucosinolate levels.

A detailed understanding of abiotic stress tolerance in plants is essential to provide food security in the face of increasingly harsh climatic conditions. Glucosinolates (GLSs) are secondary metabolites found in the Brassicaceae that protect plants from herbivory and pathogen attack. Here we report that in Arabidopsis, aliphatic GLS levels are regulated by the auxin-sensitive Aux/IAA repressors IAA5, IAA6, and IAA19. These proteins act in a transcriptional cascade that maintains expression of GLS levels when plants are exposed to drought conditions. Loss of IAA5/6/19 results in reduced GLS levels and decreased drought tolerance. Further, we show that this phenotype is associated with a defect in stomatal regulation. Application of GLS to the iaa5,6,19 mutants restores stomatal regulation and normal drought tolerance. GLS action is dependent on the receptor kinase GHR1, suggesting that GLS may signal via reactive oxygen species. These results provide a novel connection between auxin signaling, GLS levels and drought response

Equivalences between 2D dilaton gravities, their asymptotic symmetries, and their holographic duals

Dilaton gravities in two dimensions can be formulated as particular Poisson sigma models. Target space diffeomorphisms map different models to each other and establish a one-to-one correspondence between their classical solutions. We obtain a general form of such diffeomorphisms in Lorentzian and Euclidean signatures and use them to extend known holographic results, including the Schwarzian action on the asymptotic boundary, from JT to a large class of dilaton gravity models.Comment: 53 pp, 4 fig

Marcas [brancas] do escravismo nas políticas públicas de educação no Brasil contemporâneo

This essay discusses the construction of the right to education in Brazil, evidencing how the presence of people [with white skin] was historically determinant in the elaboration of education policies in contemporary Brazil. In order to do so, it analyzes the Brazilian Federal Constitutions (1824, 1891, 1934, 1937, 1946, 1967, 1988) in articulation with studies on the socio-historical specificities of the country. Through the materials, it explains the presence of color/race [white] in the formulation of education policies and points out some of the possible effects of this whiteness: in the delineation of the racial groups that accessed education as a right, and as a way of access to power.Este ensayo discurre acerca de la construcción del derecho a la educación en Brasil, evidenciando cómo la presencia de personas [con piel blanca] fueron históricamente determinantes en la elaboración de las políticas de educación del Brasil contemporáneo. Para ello, analiza las Constituciones Federales brasileñas (1824, 1891, 1934, 1937, 1946, 1967, 1988) en articulación con estudios sobre las especificidades socio históricas del país. A través de los materiales, explicó la presencia del color/raza [blanca] en la formulación de las políticas de educación y apunta algunos de los posibles efectos de esa branquitud: en el delineamiento de los grupos raciales que accedieron a la educación en cuanto derecho, y como vía de acceso al poder.Este ensaio discorre acerca da construção do direito à educação no Brasil, evidenciando como a presença de pessoas [com pele branca] foram historicamente determinantes na elaboração das políticas de educação do Brasil contemporâneo. Para isso, analisa as Constituições Federais brasileiras (1824; 1891; 1934; 1937; 1946; 1967; 1988), em articulação com estudos sobre as especificidades sócio-históricas do país. Através dos materiais, explicita a presença da cor/raça [branca] na formulação das políticas de educação e aponta alguns dos possíveis efeitos dessa branquitude, no delineamento dos grupos raciais que acessaram a educação, enquanto direito, e como via de acesso ao poder

Riscos na Atenção Psicossocial: a quase inexistência do discurso ‘Direitos Sociais’ em saúde mental

This article aims to problematize the almost inexistence of the discourse ‘Social Rights’ in the daily mental health of Brazilian Psychosocial Care. Subsidized by PhD research, qualitative, of epistemology and method inspired by post-structuralism, analyzed 346 records of experiences — 28 clinical cases, 19 narratives, 118 images, 50 institutional documents, 120 field diary entries, 14 reports, among others, and this article is a chapter on the results of the thesis. Through the results, it proposes three points of discussion, thinking about the way subjects produce and lead themselves in life, and in the therapeutic processes, as subjective beings, from the discourse of rights: 1) impact on lives; 2) in therapeutics; and, finally, 3) through institutional speeches. The materials infer that the discursive cloudiness around rights, by not establishing a direct written or oral relationship between the services accessed, available or not available, as contexts in which the exercise of Social Rights is situated, poses Psychosocial Care is at risk by individualizing conditions of social vulnerability to which many users are exposed in Brazilian daily life. With this, it proposes to think about the risks that the inexistence of the Social Rights discourse makes possible, by affecting the strengthening and preservation of mental health care and assistance, based on the perspective of an integral, biopsychosocial human health.Este artículo tiene como objetivo problematizar la casi inexistencia del discurso 'Derechos sociales' en la salud mental cotidiana de la Atención Psicosocial Brasileña. Subsidiado por investigación de doctorado, cualitativa, de epistemología y método inspirado en el postestructuralismo, analizó 346 registros de experiencias: 28 casos clínicos, 19 narrativas, 118 imágenes, 50 documentos institucionales, 120 diarios de campo, 14 relatos, entre otros, y este artículo es un capítulo de los resultados de la tesis. A través de los resultados, propone tres puntos de discusión, pensando la forma en que los sujetos se producen y se conducen en la vida, y en los procesos terapéuticos, como seres subjetivos, desde el discurso de los derechos: 1) impacto en la vida; 2) en terapéutica; y, finalmente, 3) a través de discursos institucionales. Los materiales infieren que el enturbiamiento discursivo en torno a los derechos, al no establecer una relación directa escrita u oral entre los servicios a los que se accede, disponibles o no disponibles, como contextos en los que se sitúa el ejercicio de los Derechos Sociales, plantea que la Atención Psicosocial está en riesgo por condiciones individualizadoras. de vulnerabilidad social a la que están expuestos muchos de los usuarios en la vida cotidiana brasileña. Con ello, propone pensar sobre los riesgos que posibilita la inexistencia del discurso de los Derechos Sociales, al afectar el fortalecimiento y preservación de la atención y asistencia en salud mental, a partir de la perspectiva de una salud humana integral, biopsicosocial.Este artigo tem como proposta problematizar a quase inexistência do discurso ‘Direitos Sociais’ no cotidiano em saúde mental da Atenção Psicossocial brasileira. Subsidiado por pesquisa de doutorado, qualitativa, de epistemologia e método inspirado no pós-estruturalismo, analisou 346 registros de experiências — 28 casos clínicos, 19 narrativas, 118 imagens, 50 documentos institucionais, 120 registros em diário de campo, 14 relatos, entre outros, sendo o presente artigo um capítulo dos resultados da tese. Através dos resultados, propõe três pontos de discussão, pensando na forma como os sujeitos produzem e conduzem a si na vida, e nos processos terapêuticos, enquanto seres subjetivos, a partir do discurso dos direitos: 1) incidência nas vidas; 2) nas terapêuticas; e, por fim, 3) através dos discursos institucionais. Por meio dos materiais infere que a nebulosidade discursiva em torno dos direitos, ao não estabelecer uma relação em língua escrita ou oral direta entre os serviços acessados, disponíveis ou não disponíveis, como contextos em que se situam o exercício dos Direitos Sociais em ato, coloca em risco a Atenção Psicossocial ao individualizar condições de vulnerabilidade social às quais muitos dos usuários e usuárias estão expostos na vida cotidiana brasileira. Com isso, propõe pensar os riscos que a inexistência do discurso dos Direitos Sociais possibilita, ao afetar no fortalecimento e preservação de um cuidado e assistência em saúde mental, baseado na perspectiva de uma saúde humana integral, biopsicossocial

Crianças em situação de rua: malabares da exclusão

This article discusses the behaviors of street children attending traffic lights in the city of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The data collection consisted of 12 simple observations, each lasting 2 hours, aiming to collect information about the behavior of children at traffic lights. For material analysis, the Bardin Content Analysis strategy was used. From the results, the data were contrasted with theories that present analyzes about child development and the social vulnerability. It is noticed that, since intelligence is something that is also built, socially and economically, street children are at a disadvantage. Social vulnerability, coupled with an exclusion that is also affective, produces in children very specific ways of living linked to strategies for survival on the street.    Este artículo discute los comportamientos de los niños en las calles, que frecuentan los semáforos en la ciudad de Porto Alegre, Río Grande del Sur, Brasil. Para la recolección de datos se llevaron a cabo 12 observaciones simples, con una duración de 2 horas cada una, con el objetivo de recopilar información sobre el comportamiento de los niños en los semáforos. Para el análisis del material, se utilizó la estrategia de Bardin Análisis de Contenido. Los resultados de los datos fueron contrarrestados con las teorías que proporcionan un análisis del desarrollo del niño y la vulnerabilidad social. Se confirma que, en tanto la inteligencia es algo que se construye, también, social y económicamente, los niños en situación de calle están en desventaja. La vulnerabilización social, añadida a la exclusión que también es afectiva, produce en el niño formas de vida muy específicas en relación con las estrategias de supervivencia en la calle.      Este artigo discute os comportamentos de crianças em situação de rua, que frequentam semáforos, na cidade de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Para o levantamento de dados foram realizadas 12 observações simples, com duração de 2 horas cada, objetivando coletar informações referentes aos comportamentos das crianças nos semáforos. Para análise do material, foi utilizada a estratégia de Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin. A partir dos resultados contrapôs-se os dados à teorias que apresentam análises sobre o desenvolvimento infantil e vulnerabilidade social. Constata-se que, sendo a inteligência algo que se constrói, também, social e economicamente, as crianças em situação de rua encontram-se em desvantagem. A vulnerabilização social, somada a uma exclusão que é também afetiva, produz nas crianças modos muito específicos de viver ligados à estratégias de sobrevivência na rua. &nbsp