The effect of certain organic compounds on the time of set of silicic acid gels

When a sodium silicate solution and an acid are mixed, a gel is sooner or later formed. The spped of gelation is a variable, and it depends on a number of factors, of which there are four fundamental ones. There are as follows: (1) The concentration of water glass (2) The concentration of acid (3) Agitation (4) Temperature. In this investigation of time of set, these four elements were kept as constant as possible. There is a fifth factor of real importance. This is one that has to do with the addition of some impurity. Of course if the impurity added is acid or base, numbers (1) and (2) above enter in. The question arises, is it entirely due to neutralization of the acid, when for example, CH3NH3OH is the foreign matter added? In the first part of this work, the effect of CH3COOC2H5 and its products of hydrolosis was studied. This was followed by a more interesting group of compounds

Modeling Energy Savings from Urban Shade Trees: An Assessment of the CITYgreen Energy Conservation Module

CITYgreen software has become a commonly used tool to quantify the benefits of urban shade trees. Despite its frequent use, little research has been conducted to validate results of the CITYgreen energy conservation module. The first objective of this study is to perform a familiar application of CITYgreen software to predict the potential energy savings contribution of existing tree canopies in residential neighborhoods during peak cooling summer months. Unlike previous studies utilizing CITYgreen, this study also seeks to assess the software\u27s performance by comparing model results (i.e., predicted energy savings) with actual savings (i.e., savings derived directly from energy consumption data provided by the electric utility provider). Homeowners in an older neighborhood with established trees were found to use less energy for air-conditioning than homeowners in a recently developed site. Results from the assessment of model performance indicated that CITYgreen more accurately estimated the energy savings in the highly vegetated, older neighborhood

HIV Protease Inhibitors: Advances in Therapy and Adverse Reactions, Including Metabolic Complications

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90068/1/phco.19.4.281.30937.pd

Protein-Protein and Protein-DNA Interactions at The Bacteriophage T4 DNA Replication Fork. Characterization of a Fluorescently Labeled DNA Polymerase Sliding Clamp

The T4 DNA polymerase holoenzyme is composed of the polymerase enzyme complexed to the sliding clamp (the 45 protein), which is loaded onto DNA by an ATP-dependent clamp loader (the 44/62 complex). This paper describes a new method to directly investigate the mechanism of holoenzyme assembly using a fluorescently labeled cysteine mutant of the 45 protein. This protein possessed unaltered function yet produced substantial changes in probe fluorescence intensity upon interacting with other components of the holoenzyme. These fluorescence changes provide insight into the role of ATP hydrolysis in holoenzyme assembly. Using either ATP or the non-hydrolyzable ATP analog, adenosine 5′-O-(3-thiophosphate), events in holoenzyme assembly were assigned as either dependent or independent of ATP hydrolysis. A holoenzyme assembly mechanism is proposed in which the 44/62 complex mediates the association of the 45 protein with DNA in an ATP-dependent manner not requiring ATP hydrolysis. Upon ATP hydrolysis, the 44/62 complex triggers a conformational change in the 45 protein that may be attributed to the clamp loading onto DNA

Early life cognitive function and health behaviours in late childhood: testing the neuro-selection hypothesis

Background: Higher cognitive function in childhood is associated with healthier behaviours and a reduced risk of chronic disease in adulthood, but it is unclear whether this selection of healthier behaviours occurs in childhood or later in life. The present study investigated how cognitive function at age 3-7 years was associated with health behaviours at age 11. Methods: Verbal, non-verbal and spatial abilities were assessed using the British Ability Scales at ages 3-7. At age 11, children reported how often they engaged in sport/physical activity, sedentary behaviours (e.g. reading and games console usage), cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds of engaging in health behaviours at age 11 according to early life cognition. Results: A one standard deviation increase in early childhood verbal ability was associated with reduced odds of attempting smoking by age 11 in boys and girls (OR 0.69 [95% CI 0.57, 0.84]) and reduced odds of computer gaming in girls (OR 0.79 [95% CI 0.72, 0.86]). Verbal ability was also associated with reduced odds of regular participation at age 11 in sport/active games and increased odds of reading for enjoyment. Non-verbal ability was associated with reduced odds of alcohol consumption in boys and girls (OR 0.92 [95% CI 0.85, 0.99]) and reduced odds of online messaging (OR 0.89 [95% CI 0.81, 0.98]). Spatial ability was associated with reduced odds of participating in sport/active games in boys. Conclusion: Neuroselection may occur during early life resulting in some, but not all, healthier behaviours

Prefrontal Cortex Modulation during Anticipation of Working Memory Demands as Revealed by Magnetoencephalography

During the anticipation of task demands frontal control is involved in the assembly of stimulus-response mappings based on current goals. It is not clear whether prefrontal modulations occur in higher-order cortical regions, likely reflecting cognitive anticipation processes. The goal of this paper was to investigate prefrontal modulation during anticipation of upcoming working memory demands as revealed by magnetoencephalography (MEG). Twenty healthy volunteers underwent MEG while they performed a variation of the Sternberg Working Memory (WM) task. Beta band (14–30 Hz) SAM (Synthetic Aperture Magnetometry) analysis was performed. During the preparatory periods there was an increase in beta power (event-related synchronization) in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) bilaterally, left inferior prefrontal gyrus, left parietal, and temporal areas. Our results provide support for the hypothesis that, during preparatory states, the prefrontal cortex is important for biasing higher order brain regions that are going to be engaged in the upcoming task

What doesn’t kill me ... : adversity-related experiences are vital in the development of superior Olympic performance

Objectives: Recent research suggests that experiencing some adversity can have beneficial outcomes for human growth and development. The purpose of this paper was to explore the adversities that the world’s best athletes encounter and the perceived role that these experiences play in their psychological and performance development. Design: A qualitative design was employed because detailed information of rich quality was required to better understand adversity-related experiences in the world’s best athletes. Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 Olympic gold medalists from a variety of sports. Inductive thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: The findings indicate that the participants encountered a range of sport- and non-sport adversities that they considered were essential for winning their gold medals, including repeated non-selection, significant sporting failure, serious injury, political unrest, and the death of a family member. The participants described the role that these experiences played in their psychological and performance development, specifically focusing on their resultant trauma, motivation, and learning. Conclusions: Adversity-related experiences were deemed to be vital in the psychological and performance development of Olympic champions. In the future, researchers should conduct more in-depth comparative studies of Olympic athletes’ adversity- and growth-related experiences, and draw on existing and alternative theoretical explanations of the growth-performance relationship. For professional practitioners, adversity-related experiences offer potential developmental opportunities if they are carefully and purposely harnessed

Addressing Research Software Sustainability via Institutes

Research software is essential to modern research, but it requires ongoing human effort to sustain: to continually adapt to changes in dependencies, to fix bugs, and to add new features. Software sustainability institutes, amongst others, develop, maintain, and disseminate best practices for research software sustainability, and build community around them. These practices can both reduce the amount of effort that is needed and create an environment where the effort is appreciated and rewarded. The UK SSI is such an institute, and the US URSSI and the Australian AuSSI are planning to become institutes, and this extended abstract discusses them and the strengths and weaknesses of this approach.Comment: accepted by ICSE 2021 BokSS Workshop (https://bokss.github.io/bokss2021/

INGLATERRA (Reino Unido). SE. Mapas generales (1794). 1:84000

Comprende el condado de Gran Londres, la zona meridional del de Hertford desde la ciudad del mismo nombre, la suroriental de Essex desde Chipping Ongar, la nororiental de Kent hasta Sevenoaks, la septentrional de Surrey hasta Dorking y pequeñas zonas de la parte occidental del de Berkshire y suroccidental de BuckinghamFecha de publicación más antigua de las que aparecen en el documento: "25 July, 1791"Escala nominal de alrededor de tres cuartas de pulgada por una milla, habiéndose tomado para su cálculo la estatutaria. Coordenadas de la iglesia de Saint Paul respecto al meridiano de Ferro (E 17°35'/N 51°30'). Orientado con lis en cuadrante, con mención nominal de los puntos cardinales en los rgenesOrografía de perfilRepresenta las carreteras que unen las distintas poblaciones y propiedades nobiliarias, indicndo en algunas de ellas las distancias existentesEl mapa forma un círculo dividido en cuadrantes, para cada uno de ellos hay una clave numérica con las referencias de las propiedades nobiliarias, marcadas en verde en el mapaLímites entre los distintos condados diferénciados por colorNota que señala que los datos han sido tomados del "British Itinerary", realizado por el Capitán PatersonForma parte de la Colección Mendoz