PERANCANGAN KAMPANYE SOSIAL MENCINTAI BAHASA SUNDA SEBAGAI BAHASA IBU PADA ANAK MELALUI MEDIA KOMIK. CARLA CATALINA 126010055

Bahasa Sunda, bahasa daerah yang digunakan di Jawa Barat ini merupakan warisan budaya yang menjadi “ciciren” (ciri) kabupaten/kota tersebut. Salah satunya di kota Bandung, Sekolah Dasar di kota tersebut sudah mulai membiasakan anak-anaknya menggunakan Bahasa Sunda, yaitu dengan mengikuti program „Rebo Nyunda‟ mereka dituntut untuk berpakaian dan berBahasa Sunda. Akan tetapi, program tersebut dinilai belum efektif, para orangtua murid dan guru-guru SD pun berpendapat bahwa hal tersebut hanyalah formalitas belaka. Dilihat dari penggunaan bahasa daerahnya, bahwa anak-anak bahkan sudah jarang menggunakan Bahasa Sunda untuk berkomunikasi dengan orangtua. Selain itu, belum adanya media edukasi anak-anak untuk belajar Bahasa Sunda menjadi lebih menarik dan informatif. Dilihat dari permasalahan tersebut, maka penelitian ini dilakukan dengan observasi berupa wawancara dan kuesioner terhadap target dan narasumber yang bersangkutan, dan kajian literatur beupa buku dan web. Untuk solusi permasalahan tersebut, komik edukasi menjadi media utama untuk anakanak belajar Bahasa Sunda. Diharapkan dengan adanya media tersebut anak-anak menjadi lebih tertarik untuk belajar dan menggunakan Bahasa Sunda, dan menjadikannya Bahasa Ibu (Bahasa Pertama) mereka. Kata Kunci : Komik, Media Edukasi, Menarik, Anak-Ana

Symmetric Bent-core Liquid Crystals of Some Schiff Bases Containing Azo Linkage

The paper presents the synthesis and liquid crystalline properties of some new symmetric bent-core liquid crystals containing a 1,3-dihydroxybenzene central core disubstituted with mesogenic units consisting of three aromatic rings connected through esteric, azomethinic and azo groups. The wings are ended with terminal acyloxy or alkyloxy chains containing 6 to 10 carbon atoms. Compounds were ob¬tained by the condensation reactions between some 4-((4-alcanoyloxyphenyl)azo)benzaldehydes or 4-((4-alkyloxyphenyl)azo)benzaldehydes with the 1,3-phenylene bis(4-aminobenzoate) core. The new synthe-sized compounds were characterized from structural point of view (1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS spectrosco¬py) and liquid crystalline properties (polarizing optical microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry). All the banana shaped compounds presented enantiotropic liquid crystalline properties, with a wide-ranging stability of mesophases both on heating and cooling cycles. The synthesized compounds present¬ed a good thermal stability in the existence range of the mesophases as evidenced by thermogravimetric studies. (doi: 10.5562/cca2150

Bent-Core Liquid Crystals: Structures and Mesomorphic Properties

Bent-core (BC) molecules became an attractive liquid crystal class due to their potential use in smart displays and photonic devices. In contrast to calamitic mesogens, bent-shaped mesogens are self-organized superstructures with remarkable properties, given the presence of polar order in mesophases, although the molecules themselves are not chiral. A particular interest represents the biaxial nematic liquid crystal materials that are used in display technology and allow a faster switching response, compared to calamitic liquid crystals, with considerably reduced costs. This chapter briefly reviews the bent-core liquid crystals with three different core units in the structure: (1) 2,5-disubstituted oxadiazole, (2) 1,3-disubstituted benzene, and (3) 2,7-disubstituted naphthalene. To the central bent units (BUs) containing reactive functional groups of phenolic or aminic type, various mesogenic groups are symmetrically or asymmetrically connected, via esterification or condensation reactions. The obtained compounds showed biaxial nematic and/or smectic mesophases with high transition temperatures in the case of oxadiazole derivatives or cholesteric and banana-type mesophases with lower transition temperatures in the case of benzene and naphthalene derivatives

Shorting the Climate: Fossil Fuel Finance Report Card 2016

This seventh annual report card on energy financing evaluates top global private sector banks based on their financing for the fossil fuel industry. For 2016, the report has been expanded to high-risk subsectors of the oil and gas industry. It also analyzes patterns of private bank financing for coal, oil, and gas projects that have been financially disastrous and inflicted severe damage on communities, ecosystems, and the climate. The report identifies pervasive risk management failures across the North American and European banking sector on fossil fuel financing and calls for a fundamental realignment of bank energy financing to end support for fossil fuel projects and companies that are incompatible with climate stabilization.In the past three years, the North American and European commercial and investment banking sector has engaged in fossil fuel financing practices that are deeply at odds with the global climate agreement reached at COP 21 last December. The Paris Climate Agreement's target of limiting warming to 1.5°C (or, at most, 2°C) above pre-industrial levels will require a rapid decarbonization of the global energy system. Distressingly, levels of fossil fuel financing by major North American and European banks between 2013 and 2015 are incompatible with these climate stabilization targets:Coal mining - As leaders of climate-vulnerable states called for a global moratorium on new coal mines, top banks financed $42.39 billion for companies active in coal mining, led by Deutsche Bank with$6.73 billion.Coal power - In spite of a recent study concluding that the current pipeline of planned coal power plants would put the 2°C climate target out of reach by the end of 2017, these banks financed $154 billion for top operators of coal power plants, led by Citigroup with$24.06 billion.Extreme oil (Arctic, tar sands, and ultra-deep offshore) - Future development of most of these high-cost, highrisk oil reserves is incompatible with even the 2°C target, but banks financed $307 billion for the top owners of the world's untapped "extreme oil" reserves, led by JPMorgan Chase with$37.77 billion.Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) export - Banks financed $283 billion, led by JPMorgan Chase with$30.58 billion, for companies involved with LNG export terminals in North America, which have enormous carbon footprints and are stranded assets in the making based on a 2°C climate scenario.Under pressure from global civil society, several U.S. and European banks have announced restrictions on financing for coal since last year. However, most of these policies fall well short of the necessary full phase-out of financing for coal mining and coal power production; as the report's grades for extreme oil and LNG export finance indicate, banks continue to finance these sectors on a nearly unrestricted basis. Banks also continue to fall distressingly short of their human rights obligations according to the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, leaving banks complicit in human rights abuses by several of their corporate clients in the fossil fuel industry

From Seed to Seedling: Influence of Seed Geographic Provenance and Germination Treatments on Reproductive Material Represented by Seedlings of Robinia pseudoacacia

[EN] The influence of the geographical origin of eight Romanian provenances of Robinia pseudoacacia on the characteristics of seeds, germination, and growth of seedlings in young stages of life was analyzed. Four experiments were undertaken to test seed germination (thermal treatment at distinct temperatures, mechanical scarification, acetone 90%, and biostimulator). The germination percentage showed that scarification treatment provided the best results among all treatments (41.7%). Seeds soaked in water at 100 C provided the second-highest germination rate. Furthermore, the same two treatments also assured the highest values for the seedlings¿ length. There were registered significant differences among the provenances for the analyzed characteristics, the seed germination capacity, and the growth rate of the seedlings in the first years of life. The study highlighted the resources that could ensure good quality of the reproductive forest material, which can be used in new afforestation and breeding programs. Pearson correlations and multivariate analysis provided interesting and useful information about R. pseudoacacia provenances and 13 characteristics of the seeds and seedlings, highlighting the relationship among them. The results could be of interest for the efficient use of forest genetic resources and the obtention of quality reproductive material in black locust.This research was funded by University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca (UASVM), grant number 26011/16.12.2020. The research was partly sustained by the Doctoral School from the UASVM during the Ph.D. study stage granted to A.M.R.Roman, AM.; Truta, AM.; Morar, IM.; Viman, O.; Dan, C.; Sestras, AF.; Holonec, L.... (2022). From Seed to Seedling: Influence of Seed Geographic Provenance and Germination Treatments on Reproductive Material Represented by Seedlings of Robinia pseudoacacia. Sustainability. 14(9):1-19. https://doi.org/10.3390/su1409565411914

Leczenie akromegalii w Rumunii. Jak blisko jesteśmy uzyskania kontroli nad chorobą?

Introduction: In Romania, no nationwide data for acromegaly treatment and control rate are available. Our objective was to assess the acromegaly control rate in a tertiary referral centre, which covers an important part of Romanian territory and population of patients with acromegaly. Materials and methods: We reviewed the records of all 164 patients (49 males and 115 females; median age 55 [47, 63.5] years) with newly or previously diagnosed acromegaly, who have been assessed at least once in our tertiary referral centre between January 1, 2012 and March 31, 2016. This sample represents 13.6% of the total expected 1200 Romanian patients with acromegaly and covers 82.9% of the counties in Romania. Control of acromegaly was defined as a random serum growth hormone (GH) < 1 ng/mL and an age-normalised serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) value. The GH and IGF-I values used for calculation of the control rate were those at the last evaluation. The same assays for GH and IGF-I measurement were used in all patients. Results: There were 147 treated and 17 untreated patients. Of the 147 patients assessed after therapy, 137 (93.2%) had pituitary surgery, 116 (78.9%) were on medical treatment at the last evaluation, and 67 (45.5%) had radiotherapy. Seventy-one (48.3%) had a random GH < 1 ng/mL, 54 (36.7%) had a normalised, age-adjusted IGF-I, and 42 (28.6%) had both normal random serum GH and IGF-I. Conclusions: In Romania, acromegaly benefits from the whole spectrum of therapeutic interventions. However, the control rate remains disappointing.Wstęp: W Rumunii nie są dostępne ogólnokrajowe dane dotyczące leczenia akromegalii ani wskaźnika kontroli choroby. Badanie przeprowadzono w celu oceny wskaźnika kontroli akromegalii w ośrodku referencyjnym trzeciego stopnia, który obejmuje opieką zdrowotną znaczną część obszaru Rumunii i populacji pacjentów z akromegalią. Materiał i metody: Autorzy dokonali przeglądu danych medycznych wszystkich 164 chorych [49 mężczyzn i 115 kobiet; mediana wieku 55 lat (47; 63,5)] z noworozpoznaną lub wcześniej zdiagnozowaną akromegalią, których przynajmniej jednokrotnie zbadano w ośrodku referencyjnym trzeciego stopnia (miejsce pracy autorów) w okresie od 1 stycznia 2012 roku do 31 marca 2016 roku. Ta próba stanowiła 13,6% całej rumuńskiej populacji chorych na akromegalię szacowaną na 1200 osób i reprezentowała 82,9% okręgów administracyjnych w Rumunii. Kontrolę akromegalii definiowano jako stężenie przygodne hormonu wzrostu (growth hormone, GH) w surowicy wynoszące poniżej 1 ng/ml oraz normalizacja odpowiednio do wieku stężenia insulinopodobnego czynnika wzrostu 1 (insulin-like growth factor-1, IGF-1) w surowicy. Do obliczenia wskaźnika kontroli choroby stosowano wartości GH i IGF-1 z ostatnich pomiarów. U wszystkich pacjentów używano tych samych testów do pomiarów GH i IGF-1. Wyniki: Badanie obejmowało 147 chorych poddanych leczeniu i 17 chorych nieleczonych. Spośród 147 chorych ocenianych po terapii, u 137 (93,2%) zastosowano leczenie chirurgiczne, 116 (78,9%) w momencie ostatniej wizyty kontrolnej stosowało leczenie farmakologiczne, a 67 (45,5%) poddano radioterapii. U 71 chorych (48,3%) przygodne stężenie GH w surowicy wynosiło poniżej 1 ng/ml, u 54 (36,7%) uzyskano normalizację stężenia IGF-1 skorygowanego względem wieku, a u 42 chorych (28,6%) uzyskano normalizację obu parametrów — GH i IGF-1. Wnioski: W Rumunii u chorych na akromegalię stosuje się szerokie spektrum interwencji terapeutycznych, jednak wskaźnik kontroli choroby nadal pozostaje niezadawalający

Autonomic dysfunction and peripheral nerve involvement in patients with Parkinson's disease

Introduction: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic illness which damages central and peripheral nervous system. The presence of peripheral neuropathy (PN) in PD, it has been suggested to be the effect of treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate autonomic cardiac control in PD patients with normal serum levels of vitamin B12 by means of spectral analysis of short-term heart rate variability (HRV) and also to assess the prevalence of PN using electrophysiological examinations. Methods: 30 (18 male and 12 female) with PD were compared to 20 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Short-term ECG was used to calculate time domain and spectral parameters of HRV. The stimulodetection examination was realized in the motor fibers of median, peroneal and tibial nerves, and in the sensitive fibers of median and sural nerve according to the standard procedures. Results: Low and high frequency were lower in PD patients than in controls (LF: 332.±288.4 ms² PD vs 723.9±348.2 ms2 C; HF: 283.72±241.97 ms² PD vs 530.54±226.5 ms² C, p<0.01). No differences between LF/HF ratio of PD and controls appeared. Sensory nerve action potential in sural nerve was reduced in PD patients. No differences between sensory and motor nerve conduction velocities of PD and controls appeared. Conclusions: PD causes dysfunction of autonomic cardiovascular regulation and peripheral nerve involvement

Engagement en Instagram : un análisis de los posts de las marcas enfocadas a productos de maquillaje

Las redes sociales son ya parte de las estrategias de las marcas. Las empresas han tenido que adaptar su comunicación a este entorno y los consumidores, antes receptores de información, se han tornado protagonistas en un escenario donde marcas y plataformas digitales buscan mejorar la experiencia de los usuarios. Instagram, al ser una plataforma enfocada en fotos y vídeos, supone una ventaja para algunas industrias al presentar sus productos, como las marcas de maquillaje. Esta investigación se enfoca en identificar qué tipo de contenido publican estas marcas en Instagram y analizar cuáles generan mayor interacción con los usuarios.Les xarxes socials són ja part de les estratègies de les marques. Les empreses han hagut d'adaptar la seva comunicació a aquest entorn i els consumidors, abans receptors d'informació, s'han tornat protagonistes en un escenari on marques i plataformes digitals busquen millorar l'experiència dels usuaris. Instagram, a l'ésser una plataforma enfocada en fotos i vídeos, suposa un avantatge per a algunes indústries en presentar els seus productes, com les marques de maquillatge. Aquesta recerca s'enfoca a identificar quin tipus de contingut publiquen aquestes marques en Instagram i analitzar quins generen major interacció amb els usuaris.Social networks are already part of the brands' strategies. Companies have had to adapt their communication to this environment and consumers, who used to receive information, have become protagonists in a scenario where brands and digital platforms seek to improve the user experience. Instagram, being a platform focused on photos and videos, is an advantage for some industries when presenting their products, such as make-up brands. This research focuses on identifying what kind of content these brands publish on Instagram and analysing which ones generate the most interaction with users

Improvement of acromegaly control with multimodal therapy in Romania

Introduction: In Romania, there is no acromegaly national register and there are no nationwide data available. However, some studies have reported the control rates in the country’s main referral centres. Our aim was to assess the overall control rate in our tertiary referral centre. Also, we assessed the control rate in the last three years, and we compared the results with our previous reports. Material and methods: We reviewed the charts of 186 patients with acromegaly assessed in our department between January 1st, 2012 and May 31st, 2019. We also compared the control rates for patients treated between April 1st, 2016 and May 31st, 2019 with historical controls (assessed between January 1st, 2012 and March 31st, 2016). Results: Primary analysis: There were 19 untreated and 167 treated patients, mean age 52.46 years, surgery being the most commonly used treatment. The surgical cure rate was 14.8%, and disease control with medical treatment was 35.3%. Secondary analysis: In the first group there were 45 patients, surgery also being the most commonly used treatment. The surgical cure rate was 26.9%, and disease control was 30.4%. In the second group (historical controls) there were 42 patients, surgery being the most commonly used treatment. The surgical cure rate was 9.7%, and disease control with medical treatment was 15.4%. Random GH and IGF-1 after surgery were lower in the first group (p &lt; 0.05) Conclusions: Changes in the Romanian protocol and highly specialised pituitary centres has improved the cure rate and disease control in patients with acromegaly.