Actual State of and Trend in the Application of Information Systems of Vietnamese Agencies and Enterprises

In recent years, the demand for receiving, processing and managing information flows and documents of administrative units, state agencies and enterprises in Vietnam is very high. This task requires timely and accurate resolution time with the efficient and effective support of information technology systems. Therefore, the application of management information systems has given organizations and enterprises a continuous and accurate control and management of internal information, thus helping managers make decisions. Accurate, accurate, optimistic and increase work efficiency. They contribute to the operation of the business goes into order.Application of management information systems in enterprises is always a concern because IT plays a very important role in economic activities, business production, sales, trade promotion, business management. .However, there are still many issues surrounding the application.The problem is: Actual state of and Trend in the application of information systems of Vietnamese agencies and enterprises now? Keywords: actual state of, trend in, information systems

Attitudes toward Self-Disclosure on Facebook: A Review of Perception, Emotion and Behavior in University Students

A number of social networking platforms have emerged as a result of the development of information and communication technology which have become increasingly user-friendly and full with valuable features. The social networking site with most users is Facebook. Teenagers, particularly college students use Facebook most frequently to study, gain information, entertain themselves and connect with others through self-disclosing personal information on the Facebook profile page. This quantitative study aimed to analyze the attitude of pedagogical students regarding self-disclosure on Facebook as represented through cognition, emotion and behavior concerning academic achievement. The survey was completed by 535university student’s majority in pedagogy. There were 41 students who used it for less than three years between three to five years by 218 students and 276 students who use it more than five years. The questionnaire was self-reported by participants to assess university students' attitudes toward self-disclosure on Facebook. The results indicate that pedagogical students with excellent academic achievement and more than five years of Facebook experience had the highest-level attitude toward self-disclosure on Facebook. The results indicate a positive relationship between cognition, emotion and influence factors students' Facebook attitudes. Future research on methods that enhance student positive disclosure can benefit from this study. Future research should examine how self-disclosure on Facebook relates to other aspects, such as Facebook usage time, financial state and perception of advantages and its disadvantages of Facebook in order to evaluate students' attitudes objectively

PREPARATION AND FTIR STUDIES OF PMMA/PVC POLYMER BLENDS, PVC-g-PMMA GRAFT COPOLYMERS AND EVALUATING GRAFT CONTENT

This study presents the qualitative and quantitative analyses of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra of poly(methyl methacrylate)/poly(vinyl chloride) blends (PMMA/PVC), as well as PVC-g-PMMA graft copolymers. Graft copolymerizations of methyl mathacrylate (MMA) onto PVC macromolecules were carried out mixture of cyclohexanone/N,N-dimethylformamide as solvents, dibenzoyl peroxide as initiator and nitrogen medium. FTIR spectra of PMMA/PVC blends showed that there were molecular interactions between C=O groups of PMMA and C-Cl groups of PVC. Assignments of infrared absorption bands for specific groups of PMMA/PVC blends have been contributed. Using regression method, linear calibration curve between PMMA mole content and peak areas of C=O groups in FTIR spectra of the blends has been found when C=O peak areas were multiplied by an appropriate factor. PMMA grafted content and total PMMA formed content in PVC-g-PMMA graft copolymers have been evaluated. The results showed that grafted PMMA content was increased since PVC was initiatly dechlorinated by NaOH solution. The grafted PMMA content and total formed PMMA content were 5.05 wt.% and 11.25 wt.% respectively when MMA monomers were grafted onto neat PVC and modified PVC molecules

One-Photon Absorption-Based Direct Laser Writing of Three- Dimensional Photonic Crystals

A simple and low-cost technique called low one-photon absorption (LOPA) direct laser writing (DLW) is demonstrated as an efficient method for structuration of multidimensional submicrostructures. Starting from the diffraction theory of the electromagnetic field distribution of a tightly focused beam, the crucial conditions for LOPA-based DLW are theoretically investigated, and then experimentally demonstrated using a simple optical confocal microscope. Various 1D, 2D, and 3D submicrostructures were successfully fabricated in different materials, such as commercial SU8 photoresist and magnetic nanocomposite. The advantages and drawbacks of this LOPA-based DLW technique were also studied and compared with the conventional two-photon absorption based DLW. Several methods were proposed to overcome the existing problem of the DLW, such as the dose accumulation and shrinkage effect, resulting in uniform structures with a small lattice constant. The LOPA-based DLW technique should be useful for the fabrication of functionalized structures, such as magneto-photonic and plasmon photonic crystals and devices, which could be interesting for numerous applications

The Nutritional Status of Individuals Adopted Internationally as Children: A Systematic Review.

Since 1955, international adoption has been a way of finding homes for children who have been orphaned or abandoned. We aimed to describe the nutritional status of individuals adopted internationally and their long-term nutritional and health outcomes. We searched four databases for articles published from January 1995 to June 2020, which included information on anthropometric or micronutrient status of children adopted internationally (CAI). Mean Z-scores on arrival to adoptive country ranged from -2.04 to -0.31 for weight for age; -0.94 to 0.39 for weight for height; -0.7 to 0 for body mass index; -1.89 to -0.03 for height for age; -1.43 to 0.80 for head circumference for age. Older children, those adopted from institutionalized care or with underlying disability, were more likely to be malnourished. Though long-term data was scarce, mean Z-scores post-adoption ranged from -0.59 to 0.53 for weight for age; -0.31 to 1.04 for weight for height; 0.39 to 1.04 for body mass index; -1.09 to 0.58 for height for age; -0.06 to 1.23 for head circumference for age. We conclude that though CAI are at high risk of malnutrition at baseline, marked catch-up growth is possible, including for those older than two years of age on arrival. This has implications not only for CAI but for the wider population of malnourished children worldwide. Research on how to optimize catch-up growth is a priority

DẪN LIỆU MỚI VỀ MÔI TRƯỜNG NƯỚC VÀ SINH VẬT TRONG CÁC HANG NGẦM VÀ HỒ NƯỚC MẶN KHU VỰC VỊNH HẠ LONG, CÁT BÀ

Submerged caves and saltwater lakes are 2 common habitat types in Ha Long and Cat Ba. However, depending on many different reasons so far they have been poorly studied both on environmental and biological characteristics. The initial results on environment and biological communities in 3 submerged caves (Hang Sang, Hang Toi, Qua Bang) and 3 saltwater lakes (Ang Dau Be, Ang Du, Ang Qua Bang) showed that: status of water environment was different among lakes, especially in the closed lake as Ang Du where salinity was low (9‰), while salinity in the lakes connected to the sea was equal to marine environment (23 - 27‰). Concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO) in saltwater lakes was high from 7.63 - 9.03 mg/L and higher than that in submerged caves and surrounding marine environment. Physical and chemical factors of water in the submerged caves were equivalent to the marine environment because these caves are connected to the sea and water regularly goes in and out according to tidal fluctuation. Organism communities in the submerged caves were abundant with over 142 species being found. The popular groups, sponge and soft coral, were distributed along the length of the caves. Several species with high economic value were commonly observed in the caves, including stone crab Myomenippe hardwickii, flower crab Portunus pelagicus, cone snails Trochus pyramis, shoemaker spinefoot Siganus sutor, snapper Lutjanus russelii ... Species that permanently live in cave were not detected. In the lakes where water is well exchanged to the sea, coral reefs were found and they formed a narrow reef around the lake. Sandy bars often appeared around the lake at the depth of 0.5 - 2 m, containing specialty species as phi (Sanguinolaria diphos), snout otter clam (Lutraria rhynchaena), sea cucumbers with high density (Ang Dau Be, Ang Qua Bang). There was no coral reef in the closed lake (Ang Du) because of low salinity. In this lake, stratification of temperature and salinity led to temperature on surface lower than that on bottom from 30C to 60C, this phenomenon is unusual.Hang ngầm và hồ nước mặn là 2 dạng sinh cảnh khá phổ biến ở Hạ Long và Cát Bà, do nhiều nguyên nhân khác nhau đến nay chúng rất ít được quan tâm nghiên cứu. Các kết quả nghiên cứu bước đầu về môi trường và quần xã sinh vật trong 3 hang ngầm (Hang Sáng, Hang Tối, Hang Quả Bàng) và 3 hồ nước mặn (Áng Đầu Bê, Áng Dù, Áng Quả Bàng) cho thấy: Môi trường nước có sự khác biệt giữa các hồ, đặc biệt là trong hồ kín như Áng Dù có độ muối thấp (9‰), trong khi các hồ có cửa thông với biển có độ muối gần tương đương với môi trường ngoài (23 - 27‰). Hàm lượng chất khí hòa tan như DO trong các hồ nước mặn khá cao từ 7,63 - 9,03 mg/l, cao hơn trong hang ngầm và cao hơn ở môi trường biển xung quanh. Các yếu tố vật lý và hóa học trong môi trường nước tại các hang ngầm gần tương đương với môi trường bên ngoài do có các hang ngầm đều thông với biển và có nước chảy thường xuyên theo sự lên xuống của thủy triều. Quần xã sinh vật trong các hang khá phong phú với trên 142 loài được tìm thấy, phổ biến nhất là hải miên và san hô mềm, chúng phân bố dọc chiều dài hang. Có một số loài có giá trị kinh tế cao thường gặp trong hang là Cù kì Myomenippe hardwickii, ghẹ Portunus pelagicus, ốc nón Trochus pyramis, cá dìa Siganus sutor, cá hồng Lutjanus russellii ... Chưa phát hiện thấy các loài chuyên biệt sống cố định trong hang. Ở các hồ nước lưu thông với môi trường bên ngoài có sự xuất hiện của rạn san hô, chúng tạo thành một dải hẹp bao quanh hồ. Các bãi cát thường xuất hiện quanh hồ ở độ sâu 0,5 - 2 m có các loài đặc sản như phi phi, tu hài, hải sâm với mật độ khá cao (Áng Đầu Bê, Áng Quả Bàng). Trong áng kín không có rạn san hô do nước có độ muối thấp, có sự phân tầng của nhiệt độ và độ muối làm cho nhiệt độ ở tầng mặt thấp hơn tầng đáy 3 - 60C đây là hiện tượng bất thường ở các hồ này

SIMULATION AS A TEACHING METHOD FOR NURSING EDUCATION IN HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL IN ASIAN COUNTRIES: A QUALITATIVE STUDY

BACKGROUND: Applying simulation for nursing education, especially in healthcare-associated infection prevention and control (HAI-PC) in developing countries has limited evidence. The study was conducted to explore educators’ perceptions of simulation as a teaching method for nursing education in HAI-PC in two Vietnamese and two Cambodian universities. METHODS: An exploratory qualitative design was applied. A focus group of 37 educators from four universities was conducted for data collection. Inductive and deductive qualitative content analysis was applied in analysing the data. RESULTS: The core category was constructed to reflect educators’ perception of scenario-based simulation (SBS) as a teaching method for nursing education in HAI prevention and control. This main category included three subcategories: (i) enhancing nursing competence; (ii) preparing students for simulation; and [1] promoting simulation pedagogy competence. CONCLUSIONS: The findings identified the importance and benefits of applying simulation as a teaching method in nursing education. Additionally, it emphasized the necessity of enhancing knowledge associated with HAIs and providing additional training on simulation for educators to improve the quality of conducting simulations

EXPERIENCES OF THE NURSING STUDENT IN LEARNING HAI PREVENTION AND CONTROL IN ASIAN COUNTRIES THROUGH THE USE OF SCENARIO-BASED SIMULATION: AN EXPLORATIVE QUALITATIVE STUDY

BACKGROUND: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) have posed a major threat to both patients and to the safety healthcare personnel worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, 10% of hospitalized patients are affected by HAIs worldwide. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to explore the experiences of nursing students in learning HAIs prevention and control by the application of the scenario-based simulation pedagogy now in use in two Vietnamese and two Cambodian universities. METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted among 160 nursing students from 2 Cambodian universities and 2 Vietnamese universities, and by using the purposive-sampling method. The data were collected through a focus group discussion and analyzed by the Graneheim and Lundman method (Graneheim & Lundman, 2004). RESULTS: Two themes and six categories were generated. 1) First theme: factors for enhancing student learning on the prevention and control of HAIs by use of scenario-based simulation; and 2) Second theme: factors hindering students learning on HAI prevention and control by use of scenario-based simulation. CONCLUSION: The findings showed that SBS is an effective learning method for nursing students that can be applied to enhance the quality of nursing education in the Asian countries as SBS not only improves the clinical skills, but also the soft skills of nursing students. However, the effective outcomes and impacts can only be achieved in the context with the appropriate learning materials and equipment, simulation facilities and the instructors with pedagogical skills

Effects of water scarcity awareness and climate change belief on recycled water usage willingness: Evidence from New Mexico, United States

The global water crisis is being exacerbated by climate change, even in the United States. Recycled water is a feasible alternative to alleviate the water shortage, but it is constrained by humans’ perceptions. The current study examines how residents’ water scarcity awareness and climate change belief influence their willingness to use recycled water directly and indirectly. Bayesian Mindsponge Framework (BMF) analytics was employed on a dataset of 1831 residents in Albuquerque, New Mexico, an arid inland region in the US. We discovered that residents’ willingness to use direct recycled potable water is positively affected by their awareness of water scarcity, but the effect is conditional on their belief in the impacts of climate change on the water cycle. Meanwhile, the willingness to use indirect recycled potable water is influenced by water scarcity awareness, and the belief in climate change further enhances this effect. These findings implicate that fighting climate change denialism and informing the public of the water scarcity situation in the region can contribute to the effectiveness and sustainability of long-term water conservation and climate change alleviation efforts

Safety and efficacy of fluoxetine on functional outcome after acute stroke (AFFINITY): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Background Trials of fluoxetine for recovery after stroke report conflicting results. The Assessment oF FluoxetINe In sTroke recoverY (AFFINITY) trial aimed to show if daily oral fluoxetine for 6 months after stroke improves functional outcome in an ethnically diverse population. Methods AFFINITY was a randomised, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial done in 43 hospital stroke units in Australia (n=29), New Zealand (four), and Vietnam (ten). Eligible patients were adults (aged ≥18 years) with a clinical diagnosis of acute stroke in the previous 2–15 days, brain imaging consistent with ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke, and a persisting neurological deficit that produced a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 1 or more. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 via a web-based system using a minimisation algorithm to once daily, oral fluoxetine 20 mg capsules or matching placebo for 6 months. Patients, carers, investigators, and outcome assessors were masked to the treatment allocation. The primary outcome was functional status, measured by the mRS, at 6 months. The primary analysis was an ordinal logistic regression of the mRS at 6 months, adjusted for minimisation variables. Primary and safety analyses were done according to the patient's treatment allocation. The trial is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12611000774921. Findings Between Jan 11, 2013, and June 30, 2019, 1280 patients were recruited in Australia (n=532), New Zealand (n=42), and Vietnam (n=706), of whom 642 were randomly assigned to fluoxetine and 638 were randomly assigned to placebo. Mean duration of trial treatment was 167 days (SD 48·1). At 6 months, mRS data were available in 624 (97%) patients in the fluoxetine group and 632 (99%) in the placebo group. The distribution of mRS categories was similar in the fluoxetine and placebo groups (adjusted common odds ratio 0·94, 95% CI 0·76–1·15; p=0·53). Compared with patients in the placebo group, patients in the fluoxetine group had more falls (20 [3%] vs seven [1%]; p=0·018), bone fractures (19 [3%] vs six [1%]; p=0·014), and epileptic seizures (ten [2%] vs two [<1%]; p=0·038) at 6 months. Interpretation Oral fluoxetine 20 mg daily for 6 months after acute stroke did not improve functional outcome and increased the risk of falls, bone fractures, and epileptic seizures. These results do not support the use of fluoxetine to improve functional outcome after stroke