Disparate particulate materials subjected to principal stress rotation

Many geotechnical engineering designs must accommodate the action of wind, waves and earthquakes. These loadings cause principal stress rotations on the foundation soil. The experimental simulation of these in situ stress paths can only be achieved by using sophisticated laboratory test devices capable of controlling both magnitude and direction of principal stresses. This research uses a new Directional Shear Cell with a modified shear sheet design that avoids hysteresis particularly under cyclic loading and allows tests to be carried out at constant mean stress level. Sample preparation techniques have been improved to provide fully saturated clay samples with minimum sample disturbance and a technique has been developed to measure pore water pressure accurately in the centre of the sample. The experimental work investigates the stress-strain behaviour of dry Leighton Buzzard sand, damp coal and saturated kaolinite at low stress levels when subjected to continuous and cyclic rotation of principal stress directions under plane strain conditions. The results of cyclic principal stress rotation tests on damp coal and saturated kaollnite show parallels with dry sand In that large strains occur at low applied stress ratios. Dilatency is suppressed by continuous rotation of principal stress and no failure planes were observed. However, the underlying mechanism of deformation was different for partly saturated kaolin. The onset of flow in this material leads to the occurrence of discontinuities. These may be tension cracks as well as the more readily anticipated shear rupture layers. Findings show that the principal stress rotation is the governing factor in initiating strain, and that cycling the stress level magnitude is secondary. It has been found that for the samples that have been previously sheared under cyclic rotation of principal stress directions and subsequently tested under monotonic loading, large increases In stiffness, dilation rate and strength-brittleness were observed, i.e. loose sand can become as strong and stiff as dense sand. It has been shown that soil strain can relate to two limiting stress-dllatancy relationships In slow shear flow in which volume change occurs, one attributed to energy dissipated through friction and the other through the dissipation of stored elastic energy

Congenital left ventricular diverticulum associated with ASD, VSD, and epigastric hernia

Congenital left ventricular diverticulum is a rare cardiac malformation. Two categories of congenital ventricular diverticulum have been identified with regard to their localization: apical and non-apical. Apical diverticula are always associated with midline thoraco-abdominal defects and other heart malformations. Non-apical diverticula are always isolated defects. Diagnosis is established by imaging studies such as echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging, or left ventricular angiography. Mode of treatment has to be individually tailored and depends on clinical presentation, accompanying abnormalities, and possible complications. We report a 10-month-old girl with left ventricular apical diverticulum, large atrial septal defect, two small muscular ventricular septal defects, and pulmonary hypertension, associated with epigastric hernia. This patient underwent total surgical repair for intra-cardiac defects as well as diverticular resection

Konsep Cara Produksi Pangan yang Baik (CPPB) pada Pembuatan Nopia di Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM) Nopia "Pak Narwan" Banyumas Jawa Tengah

Nopia merupakan makanan khas dari Banyumas, Jawa Tengah yang terbuat dari adonan tepung terigu yang diisi dengan adonan gula jawa serta dipanggang dalam gentong khusus yang terbuat dari tanah liat dan menggunakan kayu bakar sebagai sumber panas. Kulit nopia yang sudah diisi dengan adonan gula jawa kemudian dibentuk seperti telur dan dipipihkan, kemudian dimasak dengan cara ditempelkan pada dinding gentong yang berfungsi sebagai tempat pemanggang layaknya oven. Nopia memiliki tekstur kulit yang keras dan renyah. Masalah yang terjadi pada pengembangan UKM Nopia “Pak Narwan” adalah cara produksi pangan yang baik yang sepenuhnya belum terpenuhi. Tujuan tugas akhir ini adalah untuk mengetahui tahapan proses pembuatan nopia, evaluasi CPPB dan konsep CPPB yang bisa diterapkan di UKM Nopia “Pak Narwan”. Metode yang dilakukan adalah observasi, wawancara, pengambilan sampel, pengujian, studi pustaka, dan dokumentasi. Proses pembuatan nopia meliputi pencampuran dan pengulenan, pendiaman adonan, pengolesan dengan minyak goreng, pemotongan adonan, pengisian dan pemipihan adonan, pemasakan adonan, dan pengemasan. Berdasarkan analisa uji pada produk yang baru diproduksi didapatkan keadaan nopia dengan parameter bau, rasa, dan aroma normal, kadar air 4,5004%, kadar abu 1,3570%, kadar protein 12,9896%, dan kadar serat kasar 0,4771. Dari hasil evaluasi CPPB yang didapatkan di UKM Nopia “Pak Narwan” belum sesuai dengan syarat. Pengendalian mutu yang dapat diterapkan adalah penerapan konsep cara produksi pangan yang baik, baik dari segi lokasi, bangunan dan fasilitas, higiene dan sanitasi, peralatan, dan proses pengolahan

Droplet impact and penetration on series of parallel tubes

Impact and penetration of a liquid droplet on a substrate having a line of parallel capillary openings drilled along its thickness is experimentally studies. Different regimes of droplet penetration are identified. At low impact velocities, the droplet impacts on the substrate, spreads, and penetrates into the substrate mainly due to the capillary action in each tubular hole. At higher impact velocities, the droplet impacts on the substrate, spreads and penetrates due to the droplet inertia, and then penetrates further due to the capillary action. Threshold velocities for liquid penetration into capillary tubes are identified. Two penetration regimes, capillary and inertia driven regimes, have been studied extensively for a range of parameters related to droplet impact on a line of parallel capillary openings. Index Terms—Droplet impact, parallel capillary tubes, penetration, liquid spread

Hubungan Kinerja Otak Dengan Spiritualitas Manusia Diukur Dengan Menggunakan Indonesia Spiritual Health Assessment Pada Dosen Stain Manado

: Neuroscience is a science about the nervous system especially the brain. According to Daniel Amen who used SPECT to watch brain activity that was associated with the soul, brain was divided into five main systems: prefrontal cortex, limbic system, ganglia basalis, gyrus cingulatus, and temporal lobe. A person's spirituality is related to the purpose and meaning of his/her life as a manifestation of one's relationship with God. Spirituality has four dimensions, namely the meaning of life, positive emotions, spiritual experiences and rituals. In Indonesia, Indonesia Spiritual Health Assessment (ISHA) is used to assess a person's spirituality. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship of spirituality with the human brain among Manado STAIN lecturers. This was a descriptive analytic study with 30 respondents. The results were analyzed by using the Spearmen correlation analysis. There was a significant correlation between the performance of the human brain and spirituality, in this case the relationship was between the prefrontal cortex and the meaning of life. Conclusion: There was a strong relationship between the human brain and spirituality

A novel pathogenic variant of SRD5A2 in an Iranian psuedohermaphrodite male

Deficiency of the 5-alpha-reductase may have an important role in 46,XY DSD in some cohorts. The prenatal ultrasonography and karyotyping can trigger the attention toward the presence of a DSD in fetus. © 2020 The Authors. Clinical Case Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Lt

Review of available approaches for ultimate bearing capacity of two-layered soils

This paper presents the state of the art report on available approaches to predicting the ultimate bearing capacity of two-layered soils. The article discusses three most popular methods, including the classical method, application of the finite element method and artificial neural network. Various approaches based on these three powerful tools are studied and their methodologies are discussed

Identification of a novel KCNQ1 frameshift mutation and review of the literature among iranian long QT families

Background: Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is characterized by the prolongation of QT interval, which results in syncope and sudden cardiac death in young people. KCNQ1 is the most common gene responsible for this syndrome. Methods: Molecular investigation was performed by DNA Sanger sequencing in Iranian families with a history of syncope. In silico examinations were performed for predicting the pathogenicity of the novel variant. Results: A novel homozygous KCNQ1 frameshift mutation, c.14261429delATGC (M476Pfs*4), was identified, and then the current literatures of five patients were reviewed regarding the LQTS. Conclusion: The novel frameshift mutation has been reported for the first time among the Iranian population. Our finding along with the case series study of LQTS patients illustrates the importance of genetic and case series in precise detection of the frequency of LQTS carrierscarriers. © 2019, Pasteur Institute of Iran. All rights reserved

Growth and development status in the first two years of uninfected children born from HIV positive mothers

Recently prevention of HIV transmission from mother to child by antiretroviral regimens has resulted in growing the numbers of HIV exposed but uninfected children (HIV-EU). The aim of present study was evaluation of growth and neurodevelopment status among less than 2-year-old HIV exposed uninfected children. A cohort study was carried out at Vali-e-Asr Hospital (Tehran-Iran). Thirty-nine HIV-EU neonates were recruited (2014 to 2016). Neonates and infants with concern to growth and neurodevelopment status were evaluated at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months by an expert physician. Neurodevelopment assessment was based on WHO Milestones Chart and Age and Stage Questionnaire. Of all children, 22 were male, and 17 were female. Regarding growth indices, although mean birth weight in half of the neonates was lower than normal population; no postnatal descending trend was observed in their growth chart. No significant differences were found between two groups' height and head circumference. Among the neurodevelopmental parameters measured, in 6th months of life, 2 cases had abnormality in the gross motor while at 12 months, 6 cases had delay in language, social problem, and motor disorders. At 18 and 24 months, 7 infants showed developmental problems of which 71.4 of their mothers were younger than others (age<25 years, P=0.009). Prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders including delay in language, motor, and social domains was common among HIV-EU children. As several environmental factors may involve the etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders, nearly-full postnatal control and prevention seem necessary. © 2018 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved