The Environmental Dynamic Efficiency Of Onshore Oil Fields Located At The Brazilian Coastal Basin

One of the main environmental concerns associated with the exploration and production of oil fields is related to the generation of produced water, this is a strategic challenge for companies since is resposible for the largest share of waste genretared by the oil industry. This theme is presented as multidisciplinary since it is a study with dynamic models in an environmental area linked to the oil industry. Thus, the present work aims to evaluate the performance of dynamic environmental sustainability, from the generation of produced water from onshore oil fields located at the coastal basins of Brazil with higher oil production. The data were made available by the ANP (National Petroleum Agency) from its website, totalizing 67 fields during the years 2014, 2015 and 2016. In addition, dynamic Data Envelopment Analysis was used to determine dynamic efficiency. The results showed a positive effect of the variables directional wells, vertical wells and age, the first two variable showed a fundamental role in determining environmental efficiencies. Therefore, the results allowed to state that there is a poor management of the technological resources in onshore fields of the Brazilian coastal basins, generating excessive amounts of produced water

Artroplastia total de rodilla en adultos mayores

Knee osteoarthritis is a very common disorder that affects the articular cartilage and is accepted as a major public health problem. It is one of the leading causes of impaired function that reduces quality of life worldwide. Total knee arthroplasty is the preferred surgical treatment for end-stage osteoarthritis, with great importance when evaluating postoperative results in order to help in decision-making about the management of this pathology, the objective of this research lies in de to determine the functional results and complications of total knee arthroplasty, using a methodology of qualitative systematic review of controlled clinical trials, those articles published in English or Spanish were admitted, and whose publication date was located between 2018 and 2022, As a result, it was obtained that after an arthroplasty, patients show that there is a significant difference in the improvement of joint width, pain, balance, gait, healing and hospital stay using continuous passive mobilization compared to the usual physiotherapy treatment for total arthroplasty. knee, in such a way it was concluded e that the application of continuous passive mobilization, in the long term, does not provide any benefit in terms of the amplitude of the joint range, pain and improvement of standing and walking in comparison with the conventional treatment of postoperative physiotherapy in total knee arthroplasty. In the short term, an improvement is achieved in the range of joint mobility when flexing the knee.La artrosis de rodilla es un trastorno muy común que afecta el cartílago articular y es aceptada como un importante problema de salud pública. Es una de las principales causas de deterioro de la función que reduce la calidad de vida en todo el mundo. La artroplastia total de rodilla es el tratamiento quirúrgico preferido para la artrosis en etapa terminal, con gran importancia al evaluar los resultados postoperatorios a fin de ayudar en la toma de decisiones sobre el manejo de esta patología, el objetivo de esta investigacion, radica en de determinar los resultados funcionales y las complicaciones de la artroplastía total de rodilla, mediante una metodología de revisión sistemática cualitativa de ensayos clínicos controlados, se admitieron aquellos artículos publicados en inglés o en español, y cuya fecha de publicación se encontrase ubicada entre 2018 y 2022, como resultados se obtuvo que posterior a una artroplastía los pacientes demuestran que existe diferencia significativa en la mejora de la amplitud articular, dolor, equilibrio, marcha, cicatrización y estancia hospitalaria utilizando la movilización pasiva continua frente al tratamiento de fisioterapia habitual para la artroplastia total de rodilla, de tal forma se concluye que la aplicación de la movilización pasiva continua, a largo plazo, no aporta ningún beneficio en cuanto a la amplitud del rango articular, dolor y mejora de bipedestación y marcha en comparación con el tratamiento convencional de fisioterapia postoperatorio en la artroplastia total de rodilla. A corto plazo se consigue una mejora del rango de movilidad articular a la flexión de la rodilla

Actualización en el diagnóstico y manejo de la infección urinaria en pediatría

Urinary tract infection is defined as a type of growth of microorganisms in sterilely collected urine from a patient with compatible clinical symptoms, they are one of the most frequent infectious pathologies in the field of pediatrics, occasionally it has been considered as one of the markers of probable anatomical and functional abnormalities of the urinary life, which has become evident and during the last decades those children who present an abnormality of the urinary tract infection underwent imaging studies with the in order to find real scars or anomalies presented in the urinary tract. The objective of this article is to update the clinical management of pediatric patients affected by a urinary tract infection. As a result, it is obtained that, through imaging studies, they make the patient uncomfortable on various occasions, so much so that it is stressful for the parents, the different evidences collected over time and the evidences make it clear that imaging studies must be selective at the moment. to focus on patients. It is concluded that each of the guidelines are based on the urinary tract infection guidelines, trying to verify and demonstrate one of the fundamental and most important pillars to be able to avoid the different renal sequelae in a diagnosis and timely treatment of infections in the urinary tract. febrile urinary tract.La infección urinaria se define como un tipo de crecimiento de microorganismos en orina recogida de forma estéril en un paciente con síntomas clínicos compatibles, son una de las patologías infecciosas más frecuentes en el ámbito de la pediatría, ocasionalmente se ha considerado como uno de los marcadores de probables anomalías anatómicas y funcionales de la vida urinaria, la cual toma constancia u durante las últimas décadas aquellos niños que presentaban una anomalía de la infección en el tracto urinario se sometían a estudios por imágenes con el fin de encontrar cicatrices reales o anormalidades presentadas en la via urinaria. El objetivo del presente artículo es actualizar el manejo clínico de pacientes pediátricos, afectados por una infección en el tracto urinario. Como resultado se obtiene que, mediante los estudios de imágenes en diversas ocasiones incomodan al paciente, tanto así que es estresante para los padres, las distintas evidencias recolectadas con el tiempo y las evidencias dejan claro que, los estudios por imágenes deben ser selectivas al momento de focalizar en los pacientes. Se concluye que, cada una de las pautas están basadas en las guías infección en el tracto urinario intentando comprobar y demostrar uno de los pilares fundamentales y más importantes para poder evitar las distintas secuelas renales en un diagnóstico y un tratamiento oportuno ante las infecciones en el tracto urinario febriles

Ações de educação ambiental da Secretaria Municipal do Meio Ambiente: um estudo de caso no munícipio de Codó (MA)

As transformações produzidas sobre o mundo natural, o aumento populacional e a degradação ambiental se constituem em desafios para a política ambiental. Dessa última, importa pensarmos como tem sido desenvolvida a educação ambiental. Estainvestigação objetivou conhecer as ações de educação ambiental não formal desenvolvidas pela Secretaria Municipal do Meio Ambiente do município de Codó (MA). A partir dos dados coletados via entrevistas, foi possível verificar que a Secretaria desenvolve projetos que visam minimizar os problemas ambientais, a exemplo da arborização de avenidas, do reflorestamento na margem de rios e da produção e distribuição de mudas para a comunidade. Podemos afirmar que a gestão tem realizado ações ambientais, mas ainda apresenta limitações

Enhancing of accuracy assessment for forest above-ground biomass estimates obtained from remote sensing via hypothesis testing and overfitting evaluation

The evaluation of accuracy is essential for assuring the reliability of ecological models. Usually, the accuracy of above-ground biomass (AGB) predictions obtained from remote sensing is assessed by the mean differences (MD), the root mean squared differences (RMSD), and the coefficient of determination (R^2) between observed and predicted values. In this article we propose a more thorough analysis of accuracy, including a hypothesis test to evaluate the agreement between observed and predicted values, and an assessment of the degree of overfitting to the sample employed for model training. Using the estimation of forest AGB from LIDAR and spectral sensors as a case study, we compared alternative prediction and variable selection methods using several statistical measures to evaluate their accuracy. We showed that the hypothesis tests provide an objective method to infer the statistical significance of agreement. We also observed that overfitting can be assessed by comparing the inflation in residual sums of squares experienced when carrying out a cross-validation. Our results suggest that this method may be more effective than analysing the deflation in R^2. We proved that overfitting needs to be specifically addressed since, in light of MD, RMSD and R^2 alone, predictions may apparently seem reliable even in clearly unrealistic circumstances, for instance when including too many predictor variables. Moreover, Theil’s partial inequality coefficients, which are employed to resolve the proportions of the total errors due to the unexplained variance, the slope and the bias, may become useful to detect averaging effects common in remote sensing predictions of AGB. We concluded that statistical measures of accuracy, precision and agreement are necessary but insufficient for model evaluation. We therefore advocate for incorporating evaluation measures specifically devoted to testing observed-versus-predicted fit, and to assessing the degree of overfitting

Precision restoration: a necessary approach to foster forest recovery in the 21st century

We thank S. Tabik, E. Guirado, and Garnata Drone SL for fruitful debates about the application of remote sensing and artificial intelligence in restoration. E. McKeown looked over the English version of the manuscript. Original drawings were made by J. D. Guerrero. This work was supported by projects RESISTE (P18-RT-1927) from the Consejeria de Economia, Conocimiento, y Universidad from the Junta de Andalucia, and AVA201601.19 (NUTERA-DE I), DETECTOR (A-RNM-256-UGR18), and AVA2019.004 (NUTERA-DE II), cofinanced (80%) by the FEDER Program. F.M.-R. acknowledges the support of the Agreement 4580 between OTRI-UGR and the city council of La Zubia. We thank an anonymous reviewer for helpful comments that improved the manuscript.Forest restoration is currently a primary objective in environmental management policies at a global scale, to the extent that impressive initiatives and commitments have been launched to plant billions of trees. However, resources are limited and the success of any restoration effort should be maximized. Thus, restoration programs should seek to guarantee that what is planted today will become an adult tree in the future, a simple fact that, however, usually receives little attention. Here, we advocate for the need to focus restoration efforts on an individual plant level to increase establishment success while reducing negative side effects by using an approach that we term “precision forest restoration” (PFR). The objective of PFR will be to ensure that planted seedlings or sowed seeds will become adult trees with the appropriate landscape configuration to create functional and self-regulating forest ecosystems while reducing the negative impacts of traditional massive reforestation actions. PFR can take advantage of ecological knowledge together with technologies and methodologies from the landscape scale to the individual- plant scale, and from the more traditional, low-tech approaches to the latest high-tech ones. PFR may be more expensive at the level of individual plants, but will be more cost-effective in the long term if it allows for the creation of resilient forests able to providemultiple ecosystemservices. PFR was not feasible a few years ago due to the high cost and low precision of the available technologies, but it is currently an alternative that might reformulate a wide spectrum of ecosystem restoration activities.Junta de Andalucia P18-RT-1927European Commission AVA201601.19 A-RNM-256-UGR18 AVA2019.004OTRI-UGR 4580city council of La Zubia 458

Does soil pyrogenic carbon determine plant functional traits in Amazon Basin forests?

Amazon forests are fire-sensitive ecosystems and consequently fires affect forest structure and composition. For instance, the legacy of past fire regimes may persist through some species and traits that are found due to past fires. In this study, we tested for relationships between functional traits that are classically presented as the main components of plant ecological strategies and environmental filters related to climate and historical fires among permanent mature forest plots across the range of local and regional environmental gradients that occur in Amazonia. We used percentage surface soil pyrogenic carbon (PyC), a recalcitrant form of carbon that can persist for millennia in soils, as a novel indicator of historical fire in old-growth forests. Five out of the nine functional traits evaluated across all 378 species were correlated with some environmental variables. Although there is more PyC in Amazonian soils than previously reported, the percentage soil PyC indicated no detectable legacy effect of past fires on contemporary functional composition. More species with dry diaspores were found in drier and hotter environments. We also found higher wood density in trees from higher temperature sites. If Amazon forest past burnings were local and without distinguishable attributes of a widespread fire regime, then impacts on biodiversity would have been small and heterogeneous. Alternatively, sufficient time may have passed since the last fire to allow for species replacement. Regardless, as we failed to detect any impact of past fire on present forest functional composition, if our plots are representative then it suggests that mature Amazon forests lack a compositional legacy of past fire

Queloides gigante. Informe de un caso

Las cicatrices queloides son un reto para el cirujano plástico. Una cicatriz puede llegar a preocupar grandemente a una persona por pequeña que esta sea y puede llegar a afectar el desarrollo normal de la misma. Teniendo en cuenta la presencia de una paciente con un queloides gigante en la consulta de otorrinolaringología del Hospital General Docente “Dr. Agostinho Neto”, se realiza la investigación sobre este tema y se presenta un caso que se inicia en dicha consulta desde el año 2004 con dichos queloides infectados, evaluándose el caso y siguiéndose en consulta hasta la actualidad.

Effectiveness of computerized axial tomography in the evaluation of head and neck disorders in the Otorhinolaryngology department

Se realiza un estudio analítico para evaluar la efectividad de las aplicaciones de la tomografía axial computarizada (TAC) en el diagnóstico y seguimiento de las afecciones de cabeza y cuello en el servicio de otorrinolaringología del Hospital General Docente “Agostinho Neto” de Guantánamo durante el período comprendido desde diciembre de 2010 a octubre de 2011. Las variables estudiadas son: edad, sexo, distribución de las afecciones según el tipo y órgano afectado, así como la correlación entre el diagnóstico clínico, tomográfico, quirúrgico e histológico de las diferentes afecciones. Existe una eficacia del diagnóstico tomográfico del 100 % en las afecciones laríngeas y del oído. La efectividad del diagnóstico tomográfico fue de mayor prevalencia para las glándulas salivales, seguido por los senos paranasales. El diagnóstico clínico fue el parámetro que menos varió, permitiendo conjuntamente con la tomografía un mejor diagnóstico de los pacientes estudiados.  An analytical study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of computerized axial tomography (CT) applications in the diagnosis and follow-up of head and neck disorders in the otorhinolaryngology department of Guantanamo at the General Teaching Hospital "Agostinho Neto" from December 2010 to October 2011. The variables were studied: age, sex, distribution of conditions according to the type and organ affected, as well as the correlation between the clinical, tomographic, surgical and histological diagnosis of the different conditions. There is an efficacy of 100% tomographic diagnosis in laryngeal and ear conditions. The effectiveness of the tomographic diagnosis was of greater prevalence for the salivary glands, followed by the paranasal sinuses. The clinical diagnosis was the parameter that less varied, allowing together with the tomography a better diagnosis of the patients studied

Oclusión de arteria central de retina y rabdomiosarcoma de etmoides. Informe de un caso

La mayoría de los tumores de senos paranasales se presenta en estado avanzado y, por lo general, las tasas de curación son precarias. El carcinoma de células escamosas es el tipo más frecuente de tumor maligno en nariz y senos paranasales (70–80 %). Los papilomas son entidades diferenciadas que pueden experimentar degeneración maligna. Los cánceres crecen dentro de los límites óseos de los senos y, a menudo, son asintomáticos hasta que erosionan e invaden las estructuras adyacentes. En este trabajo se describe el caso de una paciente atendida en nuestro servicio con diagnóstico de rabdomiosarcoma de etmoides complicado con oclusión de arteria central de la retina, complicación poco frecuente en nuestro medio..