Sub‐annual moraine formation at an active temperate Icelandic glacier

This paper presents detailed geomorphological and sedimentological investigations of small recessional moraines at Fjallsjökull, an active temperate outlet of Öræfajökull, southeast Iceland. The moraines are characterised by striking sawtooth or hairpin planforms, which are locally superimposed, giving rise to a complex spatial pattern. We recognise two distinct populations of moraines, namely a group of relatively prominent moraine ridges (mean height ~1.2 m) and a group of comparatively low‐relief moraines (mean height ~0.4 m). These two groups often occur in sets/systems, comprising one pronounced outer ridge and several inset smaller moraines. Using a representative subsample of the moraines, we establish that they form by either (i) submarginal deformation and squeezing of subglacial till or (ii) pushing of extruded tills. Locally, proglacial (glaciofluvial) sediments are also incorporated within the moraines during pushing. For the first time, to our knowledge, we demonstrate categorically that these moraines formed sub‐annually using repeat uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery. We present a conceptual model for sub‐annual moraine formation at Fjallsjökull that proposes the sawtooth moraine sequence comprises (i) sets of small squeeze moraines formed during melt‐driven squeeze events and (ii) larger push moraines formed during winter re‐advances. We suggest the development of this process‐form regime is linked to a combination of elevated temperatures, high surface meltwater fluxes to the bed, and emerging basal topography (a depositional overdeepening). These factors result in highly saturated subglacial sediments and high porewater pressures, which induces submarginal deformation and ice‐marginal squeezing during the melt season. Strong glacier recession during the summer, driven by elevated temperatures, allows several squeeze moraines to be emplaced. This process‐form regime may be characteristic of active temperate glaciers receding into overdeepenings during phases of elevated temperatures, especially where their englacial drainage systems allow efficient transfer of surface meltwater to the glacier bed near the snout margin

\u3ci\u3eThemeda triandra\u3c/i\u3e as a Perennial Seed Crop in South-Eastern Australia: What are the Agronomic Possibilities and Constraints, and Future Research Needs?

In Australia, the development of native perennial seed crops is an area of increasing interest. Reasons for this include the production of high-value seed, the significance of native plants to Aboriginal people and the importance of diversified cropping in building more resilient farming systems. One species of interest is Themeda triandra, a C4 perennial tussock grass that dominated grasslands and woodlands across Australia prior to European invasion. Djaara, the traditional owner group representing the Dja Dja Wurrung people of Djandak (Dja Dja Wurrung country in central Victoria), is one group who seek to return T. triandra to the landscape as a seed-producing crop. This is due to the species holding for them significant cultural and social value, along with envisioned future economic opportunities. As such, this review is targeted towards temperate grasslands of south-eastern Australia where Djandak is located. This review summarises the agronomic possibilities and constraints relating to production of a T. triandra as a seed crop via an understanding of the genetic, environmental and management factors that influence the growth, development, and seed yield of this species. Future research and development needs are also identified

Vacuum phototriodes for the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter endcap

The measurement of scintillation light from the lead tungstate crystals of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) poses a substantial technical challenge, particularly in the endcap regions, where the radiation levels are highest. The photodetectors must be fast, sensitive, radiationhard, and operate with significant internal gain in a magnetic field of 4 Tesla. The measured performance characteristics of the first batches of series production vacuum phototriodes (VPT), developed to satisfy the needs of CMS, will be described

SynGAP isoforms exert opposing effects on synaptic strength

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Muatan Terubahkan Oxisols Dan Ultisols Yang Berkembang Di Atas Batuan Basalt, Daerah Malili, Sulawesi Selatan

ABSTRACT: Komposisi mineratogi tanah mem pengaruhi karakteristik muatan tanah. Profit I dan III didominasi oleh gutitdan gipsit yang mempunyai zlpH yang positifdan pHo yang mendekati pHo Fe-oksida murni, sedang profit II didominasi oleh kaolin it dan vermikulit yang mempunyai ApH yang negatifdan pHo profit III> profit II, yang menunjukkan tingkat perkembangan tanah profit I dan III lebih lanjut dart profit H. Selisih antara pH (H2O) dengan PZNC pada profit II sebesar 1,7 unit, sedang profit I dan III sebesar 0,5 unit dan 0,7 unit. Selisih pH H2O dengan PZNC yang tebar pada profit II memungkinkan adanya dispersi dan alih tempat fraksi lempung, sehingga horison argilik dapat terbentuk. Selisih antara pHo dan PZNC profilldan III sebesar 0,2 dan 0,4, sedang profit II sebesar 1,4. Hadirnya muatan negatifpermanen menyebabkan selisih antara pHo dan PZNC profit II lebih lebar. Semakin lebar selisih antara keduanya maka sem akin tinggi muatan negatifpermanen tanah. Lebih jauh dapat dikemukakan bahwa semakin sempit perbedaan antara pHo dan PZNC perkembangan tanah makin lanjut. Nilai pH (H2O), PZNC dan pHo datam tanah dapatdigunakan untuk mengetahuibesarnya muatan tetap, muatan terubahkan dan perkembangan tanah. Mineralogical composition are determined the soil charge characteristics of the soil. Profile I and 111 possessed positive ApH, and pHo that was relatively close to the pHo of pure oxide-Fe, while profile H extended negative A pH and pHo profile III> profile II, which deduces that profile! and III are more developed than profile 11. The different between pH H2O and PZNC in profile II was 1.7 unit, while those in the profile I and Ili were 0.5 unit and 0.7 unit. Those greater value in the profile II lead to occurrence of clay dispersion and translocation process that supports argillic horizon to exist. The different between pHo and PZNC in the profile I, II and Ill were 0,2 unit, 1,4 unit, rerspectively. The presence of permanent negative charge H causes larger different between pHo and PZNC. The larger the different between the two characters the higher the soil permanent negative charge. Moreover, the smaller the different between the two characters, the more the soil developed. Key Words : zlpH, PZNC, pHo, permanent charge, variable charg

STARSPOTS ON WASP-85

By analyzing K2 short-cadence observations, we detect starspots on WASP-85A, the host star of the hot Jupiter WASP-85Ab. The detection of recurring starspot occultation events indicates that the planet's orbit is aligned with the star's rotational axis ($\lambda \lt 14^\circ$) and suggests a stellar rotational period of 15.1 ± 0.6 days. The K2 light curve reveals a rotational modulation with a period of 13.6 ± 1.6 days, which is consistent with the period determined from starspots. There are no significant transit-timing variations, and thus no evidence of any additional planet in the system. Given the pronounced rotational modulation, we are only able to place an upper limit of 100 parts per million for any phase-curve modulations and the secondary eclipse

POTENSI TANAH BERBAHAN INDUK HARSBURGIT UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN KELAPA SAWIT DI KECAMATAN LANGGIKIMA, KONAWE UTARA, SULAWESI TENGGARA

Abstract This research aim to determine soil formation factor role, soil formation type, soil characteristic, soil classification, and level of land suitability for oil palm (Elaeis gueneensis) in Kecamatan Langgikima. To fulfill purpose of the is done research with survey method covering thematic cartography, work map, identification of bedrock, soil boring, profiling, profile observation, soil sampling and rock. Profillingbased on sequent topography, bedrock type, and physiography variance. Data required covers soil morphology, physical property, chemistry, and soil mineralogy and bedrock. Result of research indicates that topography diversity factor (toposequent) so central controls soil formation above harzburgite bedrock. At sequent of summit with slope 0-8% points the forming of mature or young soilat sequent of upper and middle slope with slope> 25% points the forming of soil having skin-deep as new soil characteristicgrowed compared to soil at sequent summ1tand at sequent of dip slope and footslope points the forming of senile soil or old soil. Soil formation processes taking place at summit sequent is eluviation, illuviation, desilication (ferritization), transformation, and synthesisant sequent of upper and middle slope is surface erosion, desilication (ferritization), transformation, and synthesisand at sequent of dip slope and footslope is eluviation, illuviation, desilication (ferritization), transformation, synthesis, and leaching (depletion). Arising soil characteristic formed above harzburgite bedrock is soil color of very dark reddish brown until reddish brown, high content free iron oxide and clay mineral goethite ang magnetite. Soil formed above harzburgite bedrock at summit sequent classified as soil family Oxic Haplustepts, Clayey, Paraseskuik, Nonacidat sequent upper slope classified as soil family Lithic Ustorthents, Clayey, Paraseskuik, Nonacidand sequent of middle slope classified as soil family Lithic Ustorthents, Loamly, Paraseskuik, Nonacidat dip slope is Rhodic Eustrustox, Clayey, Ferruginous, NonacidRhodic and Aquic Kandiustox, Loamly, Ferruginous, Nonacidand Rhodic Kandiustox, Clayey, Ferruginous, Nonacidand at footslope is Aquic Kandiustox, Clayey, Ferruginous, Acid. The existing land suitability for oil palm in Kecamatan Langgikima is majority not suitable 22.050,15 ha (79,18%) because the low nutrient and high slope while marginally suitable only 5.796,46 ha (20,82%). Soil management adapted for resistor ," factor willincrease land suitability call to become moderately suitable 22.257,10 ha (79,93%), and not suitable 3.103,97 ha (11,15%) Keywords: soil formation, harzburgite, oil palm, land suitabilit