1,755 research outputs found
Mathematics of complexity in experimental high energy physics
Mathematical ideas and approaches common in complexity-related fields have
been fruitfully applied in experimental high energy physics also. We briefly
review some of the cross-pollination that is occurring.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figs, latex; Second International Conference on Frontier
Science: A Nonlinear World: The Real World, Pavia, Italy, 8-12 September 200
Determining source cumulants in femtoscopy with Gram-Charlier and Edgeworth series
Lowest-order cumulants provide important information on the shape of the
emission source in femtoscopy. For the simple case of noninteracting identical
particles, we show how the fourth-order source cumulant can be determined from
measured cumulants in momentum space. The textbook Gram-Charlier series is
found to be highly inaccurate, while the related Edgeworth series provides
increasingly accurate estimates. Ordering of terms compatible with the Central
Limit Theorem appears to play a crucial role even for nongaussian
distributions.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figure
Model independent analysis of nearly L\'evy correlations
A model-independent method for the analysis of the two-particle short-range
correlations is presented, that can be utilized to describe e.g. Bose-Einstein
(HBT), dynamical (ridge) or other correlation functions, that have a nearly
L\'evy or streched exponential shape. For the special case of L\'evy exponent
alpha = 1, the earlier Laguerre expansions are recovered, for the alpha = 2
special case, a new expansion method is obtained for nearly Gaussian
correlation functions. Multi-dimensional L\'evy expansions are also introduced
and their potential application to analyze rigde correlation data is discussed
Rapid deconvolution of low-resolution time-of-flight data using Bayesian inference
The deconvolution of low-resolution time-of-flight data has numerous advantages, including the ability to extract additional information from the experimental data. We augment the well-known Lucy-Richardson deconvolution algorithm using various Bayesian prior distributions and show that a prior of second-differences of the signal outperforms the standard Lucy-Richardson algorithm, accelerating the rate of convergence by more than a factor of four, while preserving the peak amplitude ratios of a similar fraction of the total peaks. A novel stopping criterion and boosting mechanism are implemented to ensure that these methods converge to a similar final entropy and local minima are avoided. Improvement by a factor of two in mass resolution allows more accurate quantification of the spectra. The general method is demonstrated in this paper through the deconvolution of fragmentation peaks of the 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid matrix and the benzyltriphenylphosphonium thermometer ion, following femtosecond ultraviolet laser desorption
Contact line motion for partially wetting fluids
We study the flow close to an advancing contact line in the limit of small
capillary number. To take into account wetting effects, both long and
short-ranged contributions to the disjoining pressure are taken into account.
In front of the contact line, there is a microscopic film corresponding to a
minimum of the interaction potential. We compute the parameters of the contact
line solution relevant to the matching to a macroscopic problem, for example a
spreading droplet. The result closely resembles previous results obtained with
a slip model
Simulation of a Dripping Faucet
We present a simulation of a dripping faucet system. A new algorithm based on
Lagrangian description is introduced. The shape of drop falling from a faucet
obtained by the present algorithm agrees quite well with experimental
observations. Long-term behavior of the simulation can reproduce period-one,
period-two, intermittent and chaotic oscillations widely observed in
experiments. Possible routes to chaos are discussed.Comment: 20 pages, 15 figures, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. (in press
Hydrodynamic theory of de-wetting
A prototypical problem in the study of wetting phenomena is that of a solid
plunging into or being withdrawn from a liquid bath. In the latter, de-wetting
case, a critical speed exists above which a stationary contact line is no
longer sustainable and a liquid film is being deposited on the solid.
Demonstrating this behavior to be a hydrodynamic instability close to the
contact line, we provide the first theoretical explanation of a classical
prediction due to Derjaguin and Levi: instability occurs when the outer, static
meniscus approaches the shape corresponding to a perfectly wetting fluid
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