Weak in Space, Log in Time Improvement of the Lady{\v{z}}enskaja-Prodi-Serrin Criteria

In this article we present a Lady{\v{z}}enskaja-Prodi-Serrin Criteria for regularity of solutions for the Navier-Stokes equation in three dimensions which incorporates weak $L^p$ norms in the space variables and log improvement in the time variable.Comment: 14 pages, to appea

Suitable weak solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations constructed by a space-time numerical discretization

We prove that weak solutions obtained as limits of certain numerical space-time discretizations are suitable in the sense of Scheffer and Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg. More precisely, in the space-periodic setting, we consider a full discretization in which the theta-method is used to discretize the time variable, while in the space variables we consider appropriate families of finite elements. The main result is the validity of the so-called local energy inequality.Comment: 16 page

Experimental evidence that livestock grazing intensity affects cyclic vole population regulation processes

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Earthworm (Eisenia andrei) Avoidance of Soils Treated with Cypermethrin

The pyrethroid insecticide cypermethrin is used for agricultural and public health campaigns. Its residues may contaminate soils and the beneficial soil organisms, like the earthworms, that may ingest the contaminated soil particles. Due to its ecological relevance, earthworms Eisenia andrei/fetida have been used in different ecotoxicological tests. The avoidance of soils treated with cypermethrin by compost worms Eisenia andrei was studied here as a bioindicator of the influence of treatment dosage and the pesticide formulation in three different agricultural soils indicated by the Brazilian environmental authorities for ecotoxicological tests. This earthworms’ behavior was studied here as a first attempt to propose the test for regulation purposes. The two-compartment test systems, where the earthworms were placed for a two-day exposure period, contained samples of untreated soil alone or together with soil treated with technical grade or wettable powder formulation of cypermethrin. After 48 h, there was no mortality, but the avoidance was clear because all earthworms were found in the untreated section of each type of soil (p < 0.05). No differences were found by the Fisher’s exact test (p ≤ 1.000) for each soil and treatment, demonstrating that the different soil characteristics, the cypermethrin concentrations and formulation, as well as the smaller amounts of soil and earthworms did not influence the avoidance behavior of the earthworms to cypermethrin. The number and range of treatments used in this study do not allow a detailed recommendation of the conditions applied here, but to the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported attempt to identify the avoidance of pesticide treated tropical soils by earthworms

A search for the decay modes B+/- to h+/- tau l

We present a search for the lepton flavor violating decay modes B+/- to h+/- tau l (h= K,pi; l= e,mu) using the BaBar data sample, which corresponds to 472 million BBbar pairs. The search uses events where one B meson is fully reconstructed in one of several hadronic final states. Using the momenta of the reconstructed B, h, and l candidates, we are able to fully determine the tau four-momentum. The resulting tau candidate mass is our main discriminant against combinatorial background. We see no evidence for B+/- to h+/- tau l decays and set a 90% confidence level upper limit on each branching fraction at the level of a few times 10^-5.Comment: 15 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Measurement of the branching fraction and CP content for the decay B(0) -> D(*+)D(*-)

This is the pre-print version of the Article. The official published version can be accessed from the links below. Copyright @ 2002 APS.We report a measurement of the branching fraction of the decay B0→D*+D*- and of the CP-odd component of its final state using the BABAR detector. With data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.4  fb-1 collected at the Υ(4S) resonance during 1999–2000, we have reconstructed 38 candidate signal events in the mode B0→D*+D*- with an estimated background of 6.2±0.5 events. From these events, we determine the branching fraction to be B(B0→D*+D*-)=[8.3±1.6(stat)±1.2(syst)]×10-4. The measured CP-odd fraction of the final state is 0.22±0.18(stat)±0.03(syst).This work is supported by DOE and NSF (USA), NSERC (Canada), IHEP (China), CEA and CNRS-IN2P3 (France), BMBF (Germany), INFN (Italy), NFR (Norway), MIST (Russia), and PPARC (United Kingdom). Individuals have received support from the A.P. Sloan Foundation, Research Corporation, and Alexander von Humboldt Foundation

Observation and study of baryonic B decays: B -> D(*) p pbar, D(*) p pbar pi, and D(*) p pbar pi pi

We present a study of ten B-meson decays to a D(*), a proton-antiproton pair, and a system of up to two pions using BaBar's data set of 455x10^6 BBbar pairs. Four of the modes (B0bar -> D0 p anti-p, B0bar -> D*0 p anti-p, B0bar -> D+ p anti-p pi-, B0bar -> D*+ p anti-p pi-) are studied with improved statistics compared to previous measurements; six of the modes (B- -> D0 p anti-p pi-, B- -> D*0 p anti-p pi-, B0bar -> D0 p anti-p pi- pi+, B0bar -> D*0 p anti-p pi- pi+, B- -> D+ p anti-p pi- pi-, B- -> D*+ p anti-p pi- pi-) are first observations. The branching fractions for 3- and 5-body decays are suppressed compared to 4-body decays. Kinematic distributions for 3-body decays show non-overlapping threshold enhancements in m(p anti-p) and m(D(*)0 p) in the Dalitz plots. For 4-body decays, m(p pi-) mass projections show a narrow peak with mass and full width of (1497.4 +- 3.0 +- 0.9) MeV/c2, and (47 +- 12 +- 4) MeV/c2, respectively, where the first (second) errors are statistical (systematic). For 5-body decays, mass projections are similar to phase space expectations. All results are preliminary.Comment: 28 pages, 90 postscript figures, submitted to LP0

Measurement of D-s(+) and D-s(*+) production in B meson decays and from continuum e(+)e(-) annihilation at √s=10.6 GeV

This is the pre-print version of the Article. The official published version can be accessed from the links below. Copyright @ 2002 APSNew measurements of Ds+ and Ds*+ meson production rates from B decays and from qq̅ continuum events near the Υ(4S) resonance are presented. Using 20.8 fb-1 of data on the Υ(4S) resonance and 2.6 fb-1 off-resonance, we find the inclusive branching fractions B(B⃗Ds+X)=(10.93±0.19±0.58±2.73)% and B(B⃗Ds*+X)=(7.9±0.8±0.7±2.0)%, where the first error is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third is due to the Ds+→φπ+ branching fraction uncertainty. The production cross sections σ(e+e-→Ds+X)×B(Ds+→φπ+)=7.55±0.20±0.34pb and σ(e+e-→Ds*±X)×B(Ds+→φπ+)=5.8±0.7±0.5pb are measured at center-of-mass energies about 40 MeV below the Υ(4S) mass. The branching fractions ΣB(B⃗Ds(*)+D(*))=(5.07±0.14±0.30±1.27)% and ΣB(B⃗Ds*+D(*))=(4.1±0.2±0.4±1.0)% are determined from the Ds(*)+ momentum spectra. The mass difference m(Ds+)-m(D+)=98.4±0.1±0.3MeV/c2 is also measured.This work was supported by DOE and NSF (USA), NSERC (Canada), IHEP (China), CEA and CNRS-IN2P3 (France), BMBF (Germany), INFN (Italy), NFR (Norway), MIST (Russia), and PPARC (United Kingdom). Individuals have received support from the Swiss NSF, A. P. Sloan Foundation, Research Corporation, and Alexander von Humboldt Foundation

The genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes may be modulated by obesity status: implications for association studies

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Considering that a portion of the heterogeneity amongst previous replication studies may be due to a variable proportion of obese subjects in case-control designs, we assessed the association of genetic variants with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in large groups of obese and non-obese subjects.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We genotyped <it>RETN</it>, <it>KCNJ11</it>, <it>HNF4A</it>, <it>HNF1A</it>, <it>GCK</it>, <it>SLC30A8</it>, <it>ENPP1</it>, <it>ADIPOQ</it>, <it>PPARG</it>, and <it>TCF7L2 </it>polymorphisms in 1,283 normoglycemic (NG) and 1,581 T2D obese individuals as well as in 3,189 NG and 1,244 T2D non-obese subjects of European descent, allowing us to examine T2D risk over a wide range of BMI.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Amongst non-obese individuals, we observed significant T2D associations with <it>HNF1A </it>I27L [odds ratio (OR) = 1.14, <it>P </it>= 0.04], <it>GCK </it>-30G>A (OR = 1.23, <it>P </it>= 0.01), <it>SLC30A8 </it>R325W (OR = 0.87, <it>P </it>= 0.04), and <it>TCF7L2 </it>rs7903146 (OR = 1.89, <it>P </it>= 4.5 × 10^-23), and non-significant associations with <it>PPARG </it>Pro12Ala (OR = 0.85, <it>P </it>= 0.14), <it>ADIPOQ </it>-11,377C>G (OR = 1.00, <it>P </it>= 0.97) and <it>ENPP1 </it>K121Q (OR = 0.99, <it>P </it>= 0.94). In obese subjects, associations with T2D were detected with <it>PPARG </it>Pro12Ala (OR = 0.73, <it>P </it>= 0.004), <it>ADIPOQ </it>-11,377C>G (OR = 1.26, <it>P </it>= 0.02), <it>ENPP1 </it>K121Q (OR = 1.30, <it>P </it>= 0.003) and <it>TCF7L2 </it>rs7903146 (OR = 1.30, <it>P </it>= 1.1 × 10^-4), and non-significant associations with <it>HNF1A </it>I27L (OR = 0.96, <it>P </it>= 0.53), <it>GCK </it>-30G>A (OR = 1.15, <it>P </it>= 0.12) and <it>SLC30A8 </it>R325W (OR = 0.95, <it>P </it>= 0.44). However, a genotypic heterogeneity was only found for <it>TCF7L2 </it>rs7903146 (<it>P </it>= 3.2 × 10^-5) and <it>ENPP1 </it>K121Q (<it>P </it>= 0.02). No association with T2D was found for <it>KCNJ11</it>, <it>RETN</it>, and <it>HNF4A </it>polymorphisms in non-obese or in obese individuals.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Genetic variants modulating insulin action may have an increased effect on T2D susceptibility in the presence of obesity, whereas genetic variants acting on insulin secretion may have a greater impact on T2D susceptibility in non-obese individuals.</p

Search for rare quark-annihilation decays, B --> Ds(*) Phi

We report on searches for B- --> Ds- Phi and B- --> Ds*- Phi. In the context of the Standard Model, these decays are expected to be highly suppressed since they proceed through annihilation of the b and u-bar quarks in the B- meson. Our results are based on 234 million Upsilon(4S) --> B Bbar decays collected with the BABAR detector at SLAC. We find no evidence for these decays, and we set Bayesian 90% confidence level upper limits on the branching fractions BF(B- --> Ds- Phi) Ds*- Phi)<1.2x10^(-5). These results are consistent with Standard Model expectations.Comment: 8 pages, 3 postscript figues, submitted to Phys. Rev. D (Rapid Communications