805 research outputs found
Review of UK microgeneration. Part 1 : policy and behavioural aspects
A critical review of the literature relating to government policy and behavioural aspects relevant to the uptake and application of microgeneration in the UK is presented. Given the current policy context aspiring to zero-carbon new homes by 2016 and a variety of minimum standards and financial policy instruments supporting microgeneration in existing dwellings, it appears that this class of technologies could make a significant contribution to UK energy supply and low-carbon buildings in the future. Indeed, achievement of a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 80% (the UK government's 2050 target) for the residential sector may entail substantial deployment of microgeneration. Realisation of the large potential market for microgeneration relies on a variety of inter-related factors such as microeconomics, behavioural aspects, the structure of supporting policy instruments and well-informed technology development. This article explores these issues in terms of current and proposed policy instruments in the UK. Behavioural aspects associated with both initial uptake of the technology and after purchase are also considered
Ising models on power-law random graphs
We study a ferromagnetic Ising model on random graphs with a power-law degree
distribution and compute the thermodynamic limit of the pressure when the mean
degree is finite (degree exponent ), for which the random graph has a
tree-like structure. For this, we adapt and simplify an analysis by Dembo and
Montanari, which assumes finite variance degrees (). We further
identify the thermodynamic limits of various physical quantities, such as the
magnetization and the internal energy
Stochastic Stability: a Review and Some Perspectives
A review of the stochastic stability property for the Gaussian spin glass
models is presented and some perspectives discussed.Comment: 12 pages, typos corrected, references added. To appear in Journal of
Statistical Physics, Special Issue for the 100th Statistical Mechanics
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Between Boston and Berlin: American MNCs and the shifting contours of industrial relations in Ireland
peer-reviewedDrawing on detailed qualitative case studies and utilizing a national business system lens, we explore a largely underrepresented debate in the literature, namely the nature of change in a specific but critical element of business systems, that is the industrial relations (IR) institutions of the State and the impact of MNCs thereon. Given the critical mass of US investment in Ireland, we examine how US MNCs manage IR in their Irish subsidiaries, how the policies and practices they pursue have impacted on the Irish IR system, and more broadly their role in shaping the host institutional environment. Overall, we conclude that there is some evidence of change in the IR system, change that we trace indirectly to the US MNC sector. Further, the US MNC sector displays evidence of elements of the management of IR that is clearly at odds with Irish traditions. Thus, in these firms we point to the emergence of a hybrid system of the management of IR and the establishment of new traditions more reflective of US business system.ACCEPTEDpeer-reviewe
Neutrino Quasielastic Scattering on Nuclear Targets: Parametrizing Transverse Enhancement (Meson Exchange Currents)
We present a parametrization of the observed enhancement in the transverse
electron quasielastic (QE) response function for nucleons bound in carbon as a
function of the square of the four momentum transfer () in terms of a
correction to the magnetic form factors of bound nucleons. The parametrization
should also be applicable to the transverse cross section in neutrino
scattering. If the transverse enhancement originates from meson exchange
currents (MEC), then it is theoretically expected that any enhancement in the
longitudinal or axial contributions is small. We present the predictions of the
"Transverse Enhancement" model (which is based on electron scattering data
only) for the differential and total QE cross sections
for nucleons bound in carbon. The dependence of the transverse
enhancement is observed to resolve much of the long standing discrepancy in the
QE total cross sections and differential distributions between low energy and
high energy neutrino experiments on nuclear targets.Comment: Revised Version- July 21, 2011: 17 pages, 20 Figures. To be published
in Eur. Phys. J.
Trans-generational transmission of the Glossina pallidipes hytrosavirus depends on the presence of a functional symbiome
The vertically transmitted endosymbionts (Sodalis glossinidius and Wigglesworthia glossinidia) of the tsetse fly (Diptera: Glossinidae) are known to supplement dietary deficiencies and modulate the reproductive fitness and the defense system of the fly. Some tsetse fly species are also infected with the bacterium, Wolbachia and with the Glossina hytrosavirus (GpSGHV). Laboratory-bred G. pallidipes exhibit chronic asymptomatic and acute symptomatic GpSGHV infection, with the former being the most common in these colonies. However, under as yet undefined conditions, the asymptomatic state can convert to the symptomatic state, leading to detectable salivary gland hypertrophy (SGH+) syndrome. In this study, we investigated the interplay between the bacterial symbiome and GpSGHV during development of G. pallidipes by knocking down the symbionts with antibiotic. Intrahaemocoelic injection of GpSGHV led to high virus titre (109 virus copies), but was not accompanied by either the onset of detectable SGH+, or release of detectable virus particles into the blood meals during feeding events. When the F1 generations of GpSGHV-challenged mothers were dissected within 24 h post-eclosion, SGH+ was observed to increase from 4.5% in the first larviposition cycle to >95% in the fourth cycle. Despite being sterile, these F1 SGH+ progeny mated readily. Removal of the tsetse symbiome, however, suppressed transgenerational transfer of the virus via milk secretions and blocked the ability of GpSGHV to infect salivary glands of the F1 progeny. Whereas GpSGHV infects and replicates in salivary glands of developing pupa, the virus is unable to induce SGH+ within fully differentiated adult salivary glands. The F1 SGH+ adults are responsible for the GpSGHV-induced colony collapse in tsetse factories. Our data suggest that GpSGHV has co-evolved with the tsetse symbiome and that the symbionts play key roles in the virus transmission from mother to progeny
Virtual Compton Scattering and Neutral Pion Electroproduction in the Resonance Region up to the Deep Inelastic Region at Backward Angles
We have made the first measurements of the virtual Compton scattering (VCS)
process via the H exclusive reaction in the nucleon resonance
region, at backward angles. Results are presented for the -dependence at
fixed GeV, and for the -dependence at fixed near 1.5 GeV.
The VCS data show resonant structures in the first and second resonance
regions. The observed -dependence is smooth. The measured ratio of
H to H cross sections emphasizes the different
sensitivity of these two reactions to the various nucleon resonances. Finally,
when compared to Real Compton Scattering (RCS) at high energy and large angles,
our VCS data at the highest (1.8-1.9 GeV) show a striking -
independence, which may suggest a transition to a perturbative scattering
mechanism at the quark level.Comment: 20 pages, 8 figures. To appear in Phys.Rev.
Relativistic corrections in (gamma,N) knockout reactions
We develop a fully relativistic DWIA model for photonuclear reactions using
the relativistic mean field theory for the bound state and the Pauli reduction
of the scattering state which is calculated from a relativistic optical
potential. Results for the 12C(gamma,p) and 16O(gamma,p) differential cross
sections and photon asymmetries are displayed in a photon energy range between
60 and 257 MeV, and compared with nonrelativistic DWIA calculations. The
effects of the spinor distortion and of the effective momentum approximation
for the scattering state are discussed. The sensitivity of the model to
different prescriptions for the one-body current operator is investigated. The
off-shell ambiguities are large in (gamma,p) calculations, and even larger in
(gamma,n) knockout.Comment: LaTeX2e, 18 pages, and 6 figure
Rhythm of Pandanaceae
Essential oil is commonly used for emotional and physical wellness applications (aromatherapy). To date, approximately 3,000 varieties of essential oils have been identified. The quality of essential oil depends on the season, geographic location, method and duration of distillation, year the extract plant is grown, and the climate
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