Beta distributions: A computer program for probabilities and fractile points

A beta distribution is specified by range parameters a b, and two shape parameters alpha and beta 0. The computer program presented calculates any desired probability and/or fractile point for specified values of a, b, alpha, and beta. This program additionally computes gamma function values for integer and noninteger arguments

Extreme Mean and Its Applications

Extreme value statistics obtained from normally distributed data are considered. An extreme mean is defined as the mean of p-th probability truncated normal distribution. An unbiased estimate of this extreme mean and its large sample distribution are derived. The distribution of this estimate even for very large samples is found to be nonnormal. Further, as the sample size increases, the variance of the unbiased estimate converges to the Cramer-Rao lower bound. The computer program used to obtain the density and distribution functions of the standardized unbiased estimate, and the confidence intervals of the extreme mean for any data are included for ready application. An example is included to demonstrate the usefulness of extreme mean application

Bivariate normal, conditional and rectangular probabilities: A computer program with applications

Some results for the bivariate normal distribution analysis are presented. Computer programs for conditional normal probabilities, marginal probabilities, as well as joint probabilities for rectangular regions are given: routines for computing fractile points and distribution functions are also presented. Some examples from a closed circuit television experiment are included

Intrinsic Curie temperature bistability in ferromagnetic semiconductor resonant tunneling diodes

We predict bistability in the Curie temperature-voltage characteristic of double barrier resonant-tunneling structures with dilute ferromagnetic semiconductor quantum wells. Our conclusions are based on simulations of electrostatics and ballistic quantum transport combined with a mean-field theory description of ferromagnetism in dilute magnetic semiconductors.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B; typo removed in revised version - spurious eq.12 immediately after eq.1

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF OINTMENT CONTAINING SUNFLOWER WAX

Objective: The objective of the present work was to formulate and evaluate ointment using sunflower wax. Methods: In the present work, ointment formulations were prepared using sunflower wax by fusion technique. Sunflower wax base was compared with standard base for its pH, appearance, strength, spreadability, water number, and washability. Further, the optimized formulation was prepared with 2% salicylic acid and evaluated for its physicochemical parameters, compatibility study, drug content, in vitro drug diffusion, ex vivo permeability, and skin irritation test using rat skin. Results: All of the prepared formulations of ointments were evaluated for its physicochemical parameters and all the findings obtained were within the prescribed limit. As compared to the ointment prepared by prototype formulae as per USP and IP, the formulation F3 containing 97% white petrolatum and 3% of sunflower wax showed good viscosity, strength, and spreadability. Based on viscosity, strength, and spreadability, formulation F3 was chosen as an optimized formulation. Conclusion: The ointment consisting of white petroleum base 97% and 3% sunflower wax can be used for topical and systemic delivery of active ingredient salicylic acid. The results showed that sunflower wax can be used in ointment base as far as its pharmaceutical properties are concerned. It can effectively replace comparatively costlier available ointment bases

Community Transformation and Collective Healing: Lessons from Pakistan, Brazil, and Zambia

Community psychology has long sought to be global in its scope and focus, particularly having liberation as a primary and overarching goal of the field. Despite seeking to stand in solidarity with marginalized and disadvantaged persons, the field has been criticized as remaining largely western-centric in its worldview and epistemology. The historic disconnect between systems of mental health –as traditionally defined within a western context – and the experiences of marginalized and indigenous peoples around the world necessitates greater consideration of local methods of healing with greater accessibility, cultural credibility, and sustainability within local communities. In this article, the authors utilize traditional mechanisms of healing in Pakistan, Brazil, and Zambia as case studies to advocate for a community based mental health promotion model that weds: 1) prevention and health promotion; 2) professional allopathic service providers partnering with paraprofessional and traditional health practitioners; and 3) community engagement and political literacy as a transformative and empowering mental health system of care that targets the individual and the community as source and location of intervention and healing. Results are aligned with community psychology goals and intended outcomes and suggest an action-oriented model in which the community serves as actors in and agents of their own collective health and healing

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MOISTURIZING CREAM CONTAINING SUNFLOWER WAX

Objective: The main objective of the present investigation was to design, prepare and evaluate moisturizing cream using sunflower wax.Methods: In the present work 32 full factorial design was applied to study the effect of varying concentration of independent variables stearic acid (X1) and sunflower wax (X2) on dependent variables viscosity and spreadability. All of the prepared formulations of moisturizing cream were evaluated for its physicochemical parameters. Further, the optimized formulation and selected commercial moisturizer compared and evaluated for its physicochemical parameters like pH, particle size, spreadability, viscosity and in vitro occlusivity test.Results: Nine different formulations of the moisturizing cream were prepared and all the findings obtained were within the prescribed limit. When compared to the prototype formulation of cream, the formulation MF5 showed good viscosity, in vitro occlusivity and spreadability. From the nine different formulations, MF5 containing 2 % stearic acid and 2 % sunflower was chosen as the optimized formula. Optimization was done on the basis of in vitro occlusivity studies and physicochemical parameters.Conclusion: The results obtained in this research work clearly showed a promising potential of moisturizing cream containing a specific ratio of stearic acid and sunflower wax as emulsifiers. Thus it can be concluded that sunflower wax is incorporated in the moisturizing cream, to avail of its cosmetic benefits

Community Transformation and Collective Healing: Lessons from Pakistan, Brazil, and Zambia

Community psychology has long sought to be global in its scope and focus, particularly having liberation as a primary and overarching goal of the field. Despite seeking to stand in solidarity with marginalized and disadvantaged persons, the field has been criticized as remaining largely western-centric in its worldview and epistemology. The historic disconnect between systems of mental health –as traditionally defined within a western context – and the experiences of marginalized and indigenous peoples around the world necessitates greater consideration of local methods of healing with greater accessibility, cultural credibility, and sustainability within local communities. In this article, the authors utilize traditional mechanisms of healing in Pakistan, Brazil, and Zambia as case studies to advocate for a community based mental health promotion model that weds: 1) prevention and health promotion; 2) professional allopathic service providers partnering with paraprofessional and traditional health practitioners; and 3) community engagement and political literacy as a transformative and empowering mental health system of care that targets the individual and the community as source and location of intervention and healing. Results are aligned with community psychology goals and intended outcomes and suggest an action-oriented model in which the community serves as actors in and agents of their own collective health and healing

Identifyin gCapacities an Extension Network May Need to Effectively Support the Professionalization of Extension Providers

Professionalization is a critical component of organizational capacity and productivity. Yet, rural advisory service (RAS) providers who are charged with disseminating research-driven techniques and ideas that enhance agricultural production and addressing local stakeholder needs are often overlooked in this area.One of the critical disconnects is the lack of consistent capacities for RAS networks to effectively support the professionalization of RAS providers. Based on a framework analyzing the typical milestones associated with professionalization efforts, capacity building, and social capital the study provides insights into the support mechanism needed for professionalization. Specifically, a Delphi a panel of 31 experts from 24 countries arrived at consensus on 33 specific capacitiesa RAS network may need to effectively support the professionalization of RAS providers. The results of the research provide a practical framework for RAS networks to consider from a professionalization and capacity building perspective