981 research outputs found
Area and administration in the Soviet Union, 1917-1965: An historical model of spatial inertia
[ÎΔ ÎŽÎčαÏίΞΔÏαÎč ÏΔÏίληÏη][No abstract available
MeV-mass dark matter and primordial nucleosynthesis
The annihilation of new dark matter candidates with masses in the MeV
range may account for the galactic positrons that are required to explain the
511 keV -ray flux from the galactic bulge. We study the impact of
MeV-mass thermal relic particles on the primordial synthesis of H, He,
and Li. If the new particles are in thermal equilibrium with neutrinos
during the nucleosynthesis epoch they increase the helium mass fraction for
m_X\alt 10 MeV and are thus disfavored. If they couple primarily to the
electromagnetic plasma they can have the opposite effect of lowering both
helium and deuterium. For --10 MeV they can even improve the overall
agreement between the predicted and observed H and He abundances.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figures, references and two appendices added,
conclusions unchanged; accepted for publication in Phys.Rev.
Beyond shareholder primacy? Reflections on the trajectory of UK corporate governance.
Core institutions of UK corporate governance, in particular the City Code on Takeovers and Mergers, the Combined Code on Corporate Governance and the law on directorsâ duties, are strongly orientated towards the norm of shareholder primacy. Beyond the core, however, stakeholder interests are better represented, in particular at the intersection of insolvency and employment law. This reflects the influence of European Community laws on information and consultation of employees. In addition, there are signs that some institutional shareholders are redirecting their investment strategies, under government encouragement, away from a focus on short-term returns, in such a way as to favour stakeholder-inclusive practices by firms. On this basis we suggest that the UK system is currently in a state of flux and that the debate over shareholder primacy has not been concluded
The Nab Experiment: A Precision Measurement of Unpolarized Neutron Beta Decay
Neutron beta decay is one of the most fundamental processes in nuclear
physics and provides sensitive means to uncover the details of the weak
interaction. Neutron beta decay can evaluate the ratio of axial-vector to
vector coupling constants in the standard model, , through
multiple decay correlations. The Nab experiment will carry out measurements of
the electron-neutrino correlation parameter with a precision of and the Fierz interference term to
in unpolarized free neutron beta decay. These results, along with a more
precise measurement of the neutron lifetime, aim to deliver an independent
determination of the ratio with a precision of that will allow an evaluation of and sensitively
test CKM unitarity, independent of nuclear models. Nab utilizes a novel, long
asymmetric spectrometer that guides the decay electron and proton to two large
area silicon detectors in order to precisely determine the electron energy and
an estimation of the proton momentum from the proton time of flight. The Nab
spectrometer is being commissioned at the Fundamental Neutron Physics Beamline
at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Lab. We present an
overview of the Nab experiment and recent updates on the spectrometer,
analysis, and systematic effects.Comment: Presented at PPNS201
Effects of the granule composition on the compaction behavior of deformable dry granules
Calibration of the Drucker Prager Cap (DPC) model parameters provides a means for a deeper
understanding of the impact of granule composition on the compaction properties of dry granules
independent of their solid fraction (SF). In this study, monodisperse granules of mixtures of
microcrystalline cellulose and mannitol (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% mannitol) prepared as
small cylindrical compacts with well-defined size, shape and SF (0.58) were used as model dry
granules. DPC parameters--namely, cohesion, internal friction angle, cap eccentricity, and
hydrostatic yield strength of materials--were determined from the diametrical and uniaxial
compression, and in-die compaction tests. Elastic properties such as Youngâs modulus and
Poissonâs ratios were also determined from the in-die compaction test. Higher level of MNT in
granules required a lower compression pressure to obtain a low SF tablet but higher compression
pressure to obtain a high SF tablets. Properties such as cohesion and diametrical tensile strength
go through a maximum as the mannitol level increases in the binary granules, and clearly do not
follow the linear mixing rule. At an industrially-relevant tablet solid fraction of 0.88, granules
with 75% mannitol exhibited the highest cohesion, and produced the strongest tablet. Other
properties either approximately follow the linear mixing rule (e.g., hydrostatic yield strength,
young's modulus and Poissonâs ratio) where some interactions between the constituents are
present, or not sensitive to the composition (e.g., internal angle of friction). In general, the
compaction behavior of granules of a multicomponent system may not be precisely estimated
from the properties of individual components, simply by using the linear mixing rule
First direct constraints on Fierz interference in free neutron decay
Precision measurements of free neutron -decay have been used to
precisely constrain our understanding of the weak interaction. However the
neutron Fierz interference term , which is particularly sensitive to
Beyond-Standard-Model tensor currents at the TeV scale, has thus far eluded
measurement. Here we report the first direct constraints on this term, finding
,
consistent with the Standard Model. The uncertainty is dominated by absolute
energy reconstruction and the linearity of the beta spectrometer energy
response
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