4,723 research outputs found
Influence of momentum-dependent interactions on balance energy and mass dependence
We aim to study the role of momentum-dependent interactions in transverse
flow as well as in its disappearance. For the present study, central collisions
involving mass between 24 and 394 are considered. We find that
momentum-dependent interactions have different impact in lighter colliding
nuclei compared to heavier colliding nuclei. In lighter nuclei, the
contribution of mean field towards the flow is smaller compared to heavier
nuclei where binary nucleon-nucleon collisions dominate the scene. The
inclusion of momentum-dependent interactions also explains the energy of
vanishing flow in reaction which was not possible with the
static equation of state. An excellent agreement of our theoretical attempt is
found for balance energy with experimental data throughout the periodic table
Disappearance of Transverse Flow in Central Collisions for Heavier Nuclei
For the first time, mass dependence of balance energy only for heavier
systems has been studied. Our results are in excellent agreement with the data
which allow us to predict the balance energy of U+U, for the first time, around
37-39 MeV/nucleon. Also our results indicate a hard equation of state along
with nucleon-nucleon cross-section around 40 mb.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Let
Gamow-Teller strength distributions for nuclei in pre-supernova stellar cores
Electron-capture and -decay of nuclei in the core of massive stars
play an important role in the stages leading to a type II supernova explosion.
Nuclei in the f-p shell are particularly important for these reactions in the
post Silicon-burning stage of a presupernova star. In this paper, we
characterise the energy distribution of the Gamow-Teller Giant Resonance (GTGR)
for mid-fp-shell nuclei in terms of a few shape parameters, using data obtained
from high energy, forward scattering (p,n) and (n,p) reactions. The energy of
the GTGR centroid is further generalised as function of nuclear
properties like mass number, isospin and other shell model properties of the
nucleus. Since a large fraction of the GT strength lies in the GTGR region, and
the GTGR is accessible for weak transitions taking place at energies relevant
to the cores of presupernova and collapsing stars, our results are relevant to
the study of important -capture and -decay rates of arbitrary,
neutron-rich, f-p shell nuclei in stellar cores. Using the observed GTGR and
Isobaric Analog States (IAS) energy systematics we compare the coupling
coefficients in the Bohr-Mottelson two particle interaction Hamiltonian for
different regions of the Isotope Table.Comment: Revtex, 28 pages +7 figures (PostScript Figures, uuencoded, filename:
Sutfigs.uu). If you have difficulty printing the figures, please contact
[email protected]. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. C, Nov 01,
199
Neutrons from multiplicity-selected Au-Au collisions at 150, 250, 400, and 650 AMeV
We measured neutron triple-differential cross sections from
multiplicity-selected Au-Au collisions at 150, 250, 400, and 650 \AMeV. The
reaction plane for each collision was estimated from the summed transverse
velocity vector of the charged fragments emitted in the collision. We examined
the azimuthal distribution of the triple-differential cross sections as a
function of the polar angle and the neutron rapidity. We extracted the average
in--plane transverse momentum and the normalized
observable , where is the neutron
transverse momentum, as a function of the neutron center-of-mass rapidity, and
we examined the dependence of these observables on beam energy. These
collective flow observables for neutrons, which are consistent with those of
protons plus bound nucleons from the Plastic Ball Group, agree with the
Boltzmann--Uehling--Uhlenbeck (BUU) calculations with a momentum--dependent
interaction. Also, we calculated the polar-angle-integrated maximum azimuthal
anisotropy ratio R from the value of .Comment: 20 LaTeX pages. 11 figures to be faxed on request, send email to
sender's addres
Isospin dependence of collective flow in heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies
Within the framework of an isospin-dependent Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck
(BUU) model using initial proton and neutron densities calculated from the
nonlinear relativistic mean-field (RMF) theory, we compare the strength of
transverse collective flow in reactions and
, which have the same mass number but different neutron/proton
ratios. The neutron-rich system () is found to show
significantly stronger negative deflection and consequently has a higher
balance energy, especially in peripheral collisions. NOTE ADDED IN PROOF: The
new phenomenon predicted in this work has just been confirmed by an experiment
done by G.D. Westfall et al. using the NSCL/MSU radioactive beam facility and a
spartan soccer. A paper by R. Pak et al. is submitted to PRL to report the
experimental result.Comment: Latex file, 9 pages, 4 figures availabe upon request; Phys. Rev.
Lett. (June 3, 1996) in pres
Design, Implementation and First Measurements with the Medipix Neutron Camera in CMS
The Medipix detector is the first device dedicated to measuring mixed-field
radiation in the CMS cavern and able to distinguish between different particle
types. Medipix2-MXR chips bump bonded to silicon sensors with various neutron
conversion layers developed by the IEAP CTU in Prague were successfully
installed for the 2008 LHC start-up in the CMS experimental and services
caverns to measure the flux of various particle types, in particular neutrons.
They have operated almost continuously during the 2010 run period, and the
results shown here are from the proton run between the beginning of July and
the end of October 2010. Clear signals are seen and different particle types
have been observed during regular LHC luminosity running, and an agreement in
the measured flux rate is found with the simulations. These initial results are
promising, and indicate that these devices have the potential for further and
future LHC and high energy physics applications as radiation monitoring devices
for mixed field environments, including neutron flux monitoring. Further
extensions are foreseen in the near future to increase the performance of the
detector and its coverage for monitoring in CMS.Comment: 15 pages, 16 figures, submitted to JINS
Elliptic flow studies using the CMS detector
The azimuthal anisotropy of charged particles in heavy ion collisions is an important probe of quark-gluon plasma evolution at early stages. The nuclear reaction plane can be determined independently by different detector subsystems and using different analysis methods. This paper reports the capability of the CMS detector at the LHC to reconstruct the reaction plane of the collision and to me asure elliptic flow with calorimetry and a tracking system. The analysis is based on a full CMS detector simulation of \rm{Pb+Pb} events with the HYDJET event generator
Nuclear Flow Excitation Function
We consider the dependence of collective flow on the nuclear surface
thickness in a Boltzmann--Uehling--Uhlenbeck transport model of heavy ion
collisions. Well defined surfaces are introduced by giving test particles a
Gaussian density profile of constant width. Zeros of the flow excitation
function are as much influenced by the surface thickness as the nuclear
equation of state, and the dependence of this effect is understood in terms of
a simple potential scattering model. Realistic calculations must also take into
account medium effects for the nucleon--nucleon cross section, and impact
parameter averaging. We find that balance energy scales with the mass number as
, where has a numerical value between 0.35 and 0.5, depending on
the assumptions about the in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross section.Comment: 11 pages (LaTeX), 7 figures (not included), MSUCL-884, WSU-NP-93-
Exploratory Measurements of the (3-He,n) Reaction at Medium Energies
This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Grant NSF PHY 81-14339 and by Indiana Universit
Measurement of B(GT)/B(F) for the Anomalous 35-Ar ÎČ+ Decay via the (p,n) Reaction
This research was sponsored by the National Science Foundation Grant NSF PHY 87-1440
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