SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF SOME MANNICH BASES OF QUINAZOLINONE NUCLEUS

 Objective: In the present work, a series of five Mannich bases of quinazolinone nucleus synthesized by treating quinazolinones with various aromatic amines.Methods: A series of Mannich bases of quinazolinone synthesized by refluxing quinazolinone with anthranilic acid, amine, and formaldehyde in ethanol. The chemical structures of synthesized compounds were confirmed by thin-layer chromatography using the suitable solvent system and characterized by melting point and IR. The compounds screened for their antibacterial activity and antioxidant activity.Results: Antioxidant activity of the synthesized compounds was done using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals scavenging method. Compounds II and III showed values at 53% and 36%, respectively, when compared to that of standard ascorbic acid 24% at 10 μg/ml. Compounds II and IV showed excellent activity against Gram-negative organism Escherichia coli using ciprofloxacin as standard.Conclusion: All the synthesized compounds were screened for antimicrobial activity by cup plate by measuring inhibition zone using E. coli at a concentration range of 200–600 mcg/ml, and antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH method

Enhanced sequence diagram for function modelling of complex systems

YesThis paper introduces a novel method referred to as Enhanced Sequence Diagram (ESD) to support rigorous functional modelling of complex multidisciplinary systems. The ESD concept integrates an exchanges based functional requirements reasoning based on a coherent graphical schema, integrated with the system operational analysis based on a sequence diagram. The effectiveness of the method to support generic function modelling of complex multidisciplinary systems at the early conceptual design stages is discussed in conjunction with an electric vehicle powertrain example, followed by an assessment of potential impact for broader application of the method in the industry

REMOVAL OF MALACHITE GREEN USING SILVER NANOPARTICLES VIA ADSORPTION AND CATALYTIC DEGRADATION

Objectives: The objectives of the present study were a) to optimize the parameters for the AgNPs synthesis using aqueous leaf extract of Aegle marmelos b) to evaluate the performance of AgNPs as nanosorbents of synthetic dye Malachite Green c) to investigate the performance of AgNPs as nanocatalysts in the reduction of Malachite Green. Methods: The effects of parameters such as leaf extract concentration and pH were studied by varying the leaf extract concentration from 5% to 20 % and reaction pH from 3 to 8 respectively. Under optimized leaf extract concentration and pH, AgNPs were synthesized and subjected to biosorption of Malachite Green from aqueous environment. Influence of pH, sorbent dosage and contact time on sorption of dye was investigated. In addition, the Catalytic activity of AgNPs in reduction of the synthetic dye using aqueous leaf extracts of Aegle marmelos was also investigated. Results: The UV -visible absorption spectra of the AgNPs exhibited distinct band around 400- 460 nm. 20% leaf extract concentration and pH 7 were found to be the optimum conditions for synthesis of AgNPs. Sorption studies on influence of pH, sorbent dosage and contact time showed maximum adsorption at pH 5, 0.3 g and 4 h respectively. The UV visible spectra of the reaction mixture containing aqueous leaf extract of Aegle marmelos, Malachite Green and AgNPs confirmed the catalytic degradation of Malachite Green. Conclusion: Our study revealed that AgNPs synthesized using aqueous leaf extract of Aegle marmelos can be used as nanosorbents and nanocatalysts in treatment of dye containing wastewater

A REVIEW ON MEDICAL ADVANTAGES AND CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF CARICA PAPAYA LINN.

Papaya is an evergreen blossoming plant having rich characteristic thing; it is recognized to offer different therapeutic purposes of premium. The normal item is sound and delicious. The entire plant parts such as root, bark, peel, seeds, blooms, leaves, and squash are known to have helpful properties. It is utilized for the treatment of a various infections such as dengue fever, warts, corns, sinuses, skin inflammation, against diabetic, glandular tumors, blood pressure, digestive disorders, constipation, antibacterial, antifertility, anti-HIV, expel worms, invigorate regenerative organs and many, as needs be it can be seen as a nutraceutical. The present review focuses on salient features of nutritional composition, health benefits, medical advantages, and synthetic constituents of papaya

ASIC Implementation of Multiplexer Based DAA

ABSTRACT: In Digital Image Processing Point, Line and Edge detection are performed through software approach. The proposed Architecture performs these operations through hardware approach using Distributed Arithmetic. Distributed arithmetic (DA) has been widely used to implement inner product computations with fixed inputs. Conventional ROM-based DA suffers from large ROM requirements. To reduce the memory requirements, Adder based DA uses pre-defined structure for computation. But both the methods are suitable only if at least one input is constant. This project aims to implement a new Distributed Arithmetic Architecture for point detection, line detection and edge detection in DIP when both the inputs are variable. The new architecture is termed as Multiplexer based Distributed Arithmetic (MUX based DA). The proposed architecture takes the advantage of Multiplexer and DA for inner product computations when both the inputs are variable. In addition it reduces ROM requirement and complexity in constructing Adder based architecture for higher order inputs. Here, the performance of proposed Architecture with ROM based DA, Adder based DA and with multiplier based implementation are compared. The MUX based DA reduces power up to 81% and needs 40% of area as compared with multiplier based implementation. KEYWORDS: ROM based DA,ADDER based DA,MULTIPLEXER based DA, CADENCE 180nm Technology. I.INTRODUCTION Distributed Arithmetic (DA) has been widely adopted for its computational efficiency in many digital signal processing applications. The most frequently used form of computation in digital signal processing is a sum of products which is dot-product or inner-product generation. DA is generally abit-serial computation operation that forms a product of two vectors in one clock cycle. The typical applications include DCT, DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform), FIR (Finite Impulse Response), and DHT (Discrete Hartley Transform) which can be found in main stream multimedia standards and telecommunication protocols. The advantage of DA is its special non multiplication mechanization which uses adder replacing multiplication and therefore simplifies the hardware implementation. The idea behind the conventional DA, called ROM based, is to replace multiplication operations by pre-computing all possible values and storing these in a ROM. The Adder based DA uses a fixed architecture which can be obtained by distributing fixed variable is used for inner product computation. The DA technique distributes arithmetic operation rather than lumps themas multipliers do. Conventional DA called ROM based DA decomposes the variable input of the inner product into bit level to generate pre-computed data.ROM based DA uses a ROM table to store the pre-computed data, which makesit regular and efficient in silicon area in VLSI implementation. However, when the size of the inner product increases the ROM area increases exponentially and becomes impractically large, even using ROM partition. In contrast to conventional DA, Adder based DA decomposes the other operand of inner product into bit level, distributes the multiplication operation, and shares the common summation terms .The adder based DA exploits the distribution of binary value pattern and may maximize the hardware sharing possibility in the implementation. Although the Adder based DA requires less hardware area and smaller computation cycle time than ROM based DA, both the existing method operates only on one input as fixed but the proposed MUX base DA computes result with both the input as variable as same as MAC. The direct implementation of the filter requires more number of resources, to reduce the number of resources Distributed Arithmetic came into existence which replaces multiplications by additions and siftings. The proposed DA algorithm came into existence which uses multiplexers to remove the usage of ROM memory and complexity in constructing fixed architecture for higher order inputs. The proposed MUX based D

A P53-TLR3 Axis Ameliorates Pulmonary Hypertension by Inducing BMPR2 Via IRF3

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) features pathogenic and abnormal endothelial cells (ECs), and one potential origin is clonal selection. We studied the role of p53 and toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) in clonal expansion and pulmonary hypertension (PH) via regulation of bone morphogenetic protein (BMPR2) signaling. ECs of PAH patients had reduced p53 expression. EC-specific p53 knockout exaggerated PH, and clonal expansion reduced p53 and TLR3 expression in rat lung CD117+ ECs. Reduced p53 degradation (Nutlin 3a) abolished clonal EC expansion, induced TLR3 and BMPR2, and ameliorated PH. Polyinosinic/polycytidylic acid [Poly(I:C)] increased BMPR2 signaling in ECs via enhanced binding of interferon regulatory factor-3 (IRF3) to the BMPR2 promoter and reduced PH in p53−/− mice but not in mice with impaired TLR3 downstream signaling. Our data show that a p53/TLR3/IRF3 axis regulates BMPR2 expression and signaling in ECs. This link can be exploited for therapy of PH

The Tandem CARDs of NOD2: Intramolecular Interactions and Recognition of RIP2

Caspase recruitment domains (CARDs) are homotypic protein interaction modules that link the stimulus-dependent assembly of large signaling platforms such as inflammasomes to the activation of downstream effectors that often include caspases and kinases and thereby play an important role in the regulation of inflammatory and apoptotic signaling pathways. NOD2 belongs to the NOD-like (NLR) family of intracellular pattern recognition receptors (PRR) and induces activation of the NF-κB pathway in response to the recognition of bacterial components. This process requires the specific recognition of the CARD of the protein kinase RIP2 by the tandem CARDs of NOD2. Here we demonstrate that the tandem CARDs of NOD2 are engaged in an intramolecular interaction that is important for the structural stability of this region. Using a combination of ITC and pull-down experiments we identify distinct surface areas that are involved in the intramolecular tandem CARD interaction and the interaction with the downstream effector RIP2. Our findings indicate that while CARDa of NOD2 might be the primary binding partner of RIP2 the two CARDs of NOD2 do not act independently of one another but may cooperate to from a binding surface that is distinct from that of single CARDs

Daedalus: a robust, turnkey platform for rapid production of decigram quantities of active recombinant proteins in human cell lines using novel lentiviral vectors

A key challenge for the academic and biopharmaceutical communities is the rapid and scalable production of recombinant proteins for supporting downstream applications ranging from therapeutic trials to structural genomics efforts. Here, we describe a novel system for the production of recombinant mammalian proteins, including immune receptors, cytokines and antibodies, in a human cell line culture system, often requiring <3 weeks to achieve stable, high-level expression: Daedalus. The inclusion of minimized ubiquitous chromatin opening elements in the transduction vectors is key for preventing genomic silencing and maintaining the stability of decigram levels of expression. This system can bypass the tedious and time-consuming steps of conventional protein production methods by employing the secretion pathway of serum-free adapted human suspension cell lines, such as 293 Freestyle. Using optimized lentiviral vectors, yields of 20–100 mg/l of correctly folded and post-translationally modified, endotoxin-free protein of up to ~70 kDa in size, can be achieved in conventional, small-scale (100 ml) culture. At these yields, most proteins can be purified using a single size-exclusion chromatography step, immediately appropriate for use in structural, biophysical or therapeutic applications

Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density

Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals &lt;1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data

Dynamic Malware Attack Detection and Prevention in Real TIME Iot with Hybridsignature Free Method

In today's information age the major issue to address is cyber security. In Iot Cloud, usually a clienttargets a server and causes plentyof problems. In presentIDS are used to detectonly known service level attacks which leaves them vulnerable to original and novel Malicious attacks. The primary objectives of thisstudy is to develop an efficient security model which detects Malicious attacks like code injection, ping, worm, flood etc. done through various layers by Malicious clients and prevent them from causing damage apart from blocking them, thereby saving both the clients and their valuable data stored in the server.The proposed model named HSIGFREE is signature independent and henceable to detect any attacks in the network on the server without any problems and prevents damages to the server caused by such Malicious clients. Hence the proposed HSIGFREEmodel is a viable, safe and secure data and application layer protection and attack prevention model in dynamic server environments