The Hydrodynamical Limit of Quantum Hall system

We study the current algebra of FQHE systems in the hydrodynamical limit of small amplitude, long-wavelength fluctuations. We show that the algebra simplifies considerably in this limit. The hamiltonian is expressed in a current-current form and the operators creating inter-Landau level and lowest Landau level collective excitations are identified.Comment: Revtex, 16 page

Efficient Database Distribution Using Local Search Algorithm

A problem in railway database is identied. Focus of the problem is to reduce the average response time for all the read and write queries to the railway database. One way of doing this is by opening more than one database servers and distributing the database across these servers to improve the performance. In this work we are proposing an ecient distribution of the database across these servers considering read and write request frequencies at all locations. The problem of database distribution across dierent locations is mapped to the well studied problem called Uncapacitated Facility Location(UFL) problem. Various techniques such as greedy approach, LP rounding technique, primal-dual technique and local search have been proposed to tackle this problem. Of those, we are using local search technique in this work. In particular, poly- nomial version of the local search approximation algorithm is used to solve the railway database problem. Distributed database is implemented using postgresql database server and jboss appli- cation server is used to manage the global transaction. On this architecture, database is distributed using the local optimal solution obtained by local search algorithm and it is compared with other solutions in terms of the average response time for the read and write requests

Human Cytomegalovirus glycoprotein UL16 causes intracellular sequestration of NKG2D ligands, protecting against NK cell cytotoxicity.

The activating receptor, NKG2D, is expressed on a variety of immune effector cells and recognizes divergent families of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-related ligands, including the MIC and ULBP proteins. Infection, stress, or transformation can induce NKG2D ligand expression, resulting in effector cell activation and killing of the ligand-expressing target cell. The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) membrane glycoprotein, UL16, binds to three of the five known ligands for human NKG2D. UL16 is retained in the endoplasmic reticulum and cis-Golgi apparatus of cells and causes MICB to be similarly retained and stabilized within cells. Coexpression of UL16 markedly reduces cell surface levels of MICB, ULBP1, and ULBP2, and decreases susceptibility to natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Domain swapping experiments demonstrate that the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of UL16 are important for intracellular retention of UL16, whereas the ectodomain of UL16 participates in down-regulation of NKG2D ligands. The intracellular sequestration of NKG2D ligands by UL16 represents a novel HCMV immune evasion mechanism to add to the well-documented viral strategies directed against antigen presentation by classical MHC molecules

Strain rate effect on the mechanical behaviour of a textile reinforced cement composite

The static tensile behaviour of Textile Reinforced Cement Composites is known and can be modeled adequately. However, using these static material properties under dynamic loadings such as impact and seismic loadings, can cause over- or underestimation of the material due to effects of strain rate. This work focuses on the strain rate dependency of a specific textile reinforced cement composite under tensile loadings at strain rates equivalent to quasi static applications towards low velocity impacts. It was found that the main damage mechanisms of this material stay the same. However cracking of the cement matrix is delayed to higher stress levels

Mamdani-Fuzzy Modeling Approach for Quality Prediction of Non-Linear Laser Lathing Process

Lathing is a process to fashioning stock materials into desired cylindrical shapes which usually performed by traditional lathe machine. But, the recent rapid advancements in engineering materials and precision demand gives a great challenge to the traditional method. The main drawback of conventional lathe is its mechanical contact which brings to the undesirable tool wear, heat affected zone, finishing, and dimensional accuracy especially taper quality in machining of stock with high length to diameter ratio. Therefore, a novel approach has been devised to investigate in transforming a 2D flatbed CO2 laser cutting machine into 3D laser lathing capability as an alternative solution. Three significant design parameters were selected for this experiment, namely cutting speed, spinning speed, and depth of cut. Total of 24 experiments were performed with eight (8) sequential runs where they were then replicated three (3) times. The experimental results were then used to establish Mamdani - Fuzzy predictive model where it yields the accuracy of more than 95%. Thus, the proposed Mamdani-Fuzzy modeling approach is found very much suitable and practical for quality prediction of non-linear laser lathing process for cylindrical stocks of 10mm diameter

A new method of measuring plastic limit of fine materials

Discussio

Initiating haemodialysis twice-weekly as part of an incremental programme may protect residual kidney function

© The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved.Background: Initiating twice-weekly haemodialysis (2×HD) in patients who retain significant residual kidney function (RKF) may have benefits. We aimed to determine differences between patients initiated on twice- and thrice-weekly regimes, with respect to loss of kidney function, survival and other safety parameters. Methods: We conducted a single-centre retrospective study of patients initiating dialysis with a residual urea clearance (KRU) of ≥3 mL/min, over a 20-year period. Patients who had 2×HD for ≥3 months during the 12 months following initiation of 2×HD were identified for comparison with those dialysed thrice-weekly (3×HD). Results: The 2×HD group consisted of 154 patients, and the 3×HD group 411 patients. The 2×HD patients were younger (59 ± 15 versus 62 ± 15 years: P = 0.014) and weighed less (70 ± 16 versus 80 ± 18 kg: P < 0.001). More were females (34% versus 27%: P = 0.004). Fewer had diabetes (25% versus 34%: P = 0.04) and peripheral vascular disease (PVD) (13% versus 23%: P = 0.008). Baseline KRU was similar in both groups (5.3 ± 2.4 for 2 × HD versus 5.1 ± 2.8 mL/min for 3 × HD: P = 0.507). In a mixed effects model correcting for between-group differences in comorbidities and demographics, 3×HD was associated with increased rate of loss of KRU and separation of KRU. In separate mixed effects models, group (2×HD versus 3×HD) was not associated with differences in serum potassium or phosphate, and the groups did not differ with respect to total standard Kt/V. Survival, adjusted for age, gender, weight, baseline KRU and comorbidity (prevalence of diabetes, cardiac disease, PVD and malignancy) was greater in the 2×HD group (hazard ratio 0.755: P = 0.044). In sub-analyses, the survival benefit was confined to women, and those of less than median bodyweight. Conclusion: 2×HD initiation as part of an incremental programme with regular monthly monitoring of KRU was safe and associated with a reduced rate of loss of RKF early after dialysis initiation and improved survival. Randomized controlled trials of this approach are indicated.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

Interpolating Coherent States for Heisenberg-Weyl and Single-Photon SU(1,1) Algebras

New quantal states which interpolate between the coherent states of the Heisenberg_Weyl and SU(1,1) algebras are introduced. The interpolating states are obtained as the coherent states of a closed and symmetric algebra which interpolates between the two algebras. The overcompleteness of the interpolating coherent states is established. Differential operator representations in suitable spaces of entire functions are given for the generators of the algebra. A nonsymmetric set of operators to realize the Heisenberg-Weyl algebra is provided and the relevant coherent states are studied.Comment: 13 pages nd 5 ps figure

Measurements of atmospheric turbulence with the dual-beamwidth method using the MST radar at Gadanki, India

A brief experiment was conducted during 24-29 April and 9-10 May 2002, using the MST radar at Gadanki, India, to test the dual-beamwidth method of estimating the turbulence kinetic energy (TKE). Because the beamwidth can be modified on only one polarization at a time at Gadanki, an elliptical beam was used with a modified dual-beamwidth analysis. Estimates of the TKE from the dual-beamwidth method and the traditional method are very similar in regions of light winds (&amp;lt;~10ms&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;). In regions of stronger wind (&amp;gt;~15ms&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) the traditional method often gives TKE&amp;lt;0 because the beam-broadening correction is greater than the observed spectral width. It is suggested that some of the problems with the traditional method are due to the uncertainty in the effective width of the radar beam. In all regions the modified dual-beamwidth method gives TKE&amp;gt;0 on the beam parallel to the prevailing wind; on this beam the estimates depend only on the ratio of the beamwidths, which is presumably well-known, and the observed spectral widths. The values of TKE from the dual-beamwidth method are approximately constant with height at 0.2m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;s&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt; from about 5 to 7.5km during the afternoon during both April and May (all April observations were made between 9:00 and 17:00 local time), and then decrease rapidly to about 0.02m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;s&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt; by about 9km. The data from May extend over one full diurnal period and the diurnal range of TKE during this period is found to be about 5dB below about 12km and from about 15 to 19km, near the tropopause, with maximum values during local afternoon