Neuropsychiatric complications of hyperacute transplant rejection: A psychiatrist-patient’s experience and a brief literature review.

In this clinical case, the patient (a psychiatrist and one of the authors) experienced a variety of hyperacutemedical and neuro-psychiatric complications after kidney transplant rejection. The patient’s personal reflectionsand observations, communications with his wife, descriptions of clinical and experiential events, and medicalinterventions at different stages of the process are presented. Literature on the phenomenology of these complicationsand the bio-psycho-socio-cultural factors at play are reviewed. The unique perception of the psychiatrist’s ownexperience lends support to recommendations regarding roles of different discipline members of the transplantteam, and procedures for adequate clinical management of kidney transplant rejection.(Rev Neuropsiquiatr 2009;72:67-74)

Should I stay or should I go? Sibling effects in household formation

This paper analyzes peer effects among siblings in the decision to leave parental home. Estimating peer effects is challenging because of problems of refection, endogenous group formation, and correlated unobservables. We overcome these issues using the exogenous variation in siblings' household formation implied by the eligibility rules for a Spanish rental subsidy. Our results show that sibling effects are negative and that these effects can be explained by the presence of old or ill parents. Sibling effects turn positive from older to younger close-in-age siblings, when imitation is more likely to prevail. Our findings indicate that policy makers who aim at fostering household formation should target the household rather than the individual and combine policies for young adults with policies for the elderly

Biogeographic distributions of neotropical trees reflect their directly measured drought tolerances

High levels of species diversity hamper current understanding of how tropical forests may respond to environmental change. In the tropics, water availability is a leading driver of the diversity and distribution of tree species, suggesting that many tropical taxa may be physiologically incapable of tolerating dry conditions, and that their distributions along moisture gradients can be used to predict their drought tolerance. While this hypothesis has been explored at local and regional scales, large continental-scale tests are lacking. We investigate whether the relationship between drought-induced mortality and distributions holds continentally by relating experimental and observational data of drought-induced mortality across the Neotropics to the large-scale bioclimatic distributions of 115 tree genera. Across the different experiments, genera affiliated to wetter climatic regimes show higher drought-induced mortality than dry-affiliated ones, even after controlling for phylogenetic relationships. This pattern is stronger for adult trees than for saplings or seedlings, suggesting that the environmental filters exerted by drought impact adult tree survival most strongly. Overall, our analysis of experimental, observational, and bioclimatic data across neotropical forests suggests that increasing moisture-stress is indeed likely to drive significant changes in floristic composition

Estimation of Relative Permittivity of Printed Circuit Board with Fiber Glass Epoxy as Dielectric for UHF Applications

Se presentan los resultados de la estimación de la permitividad relativa de una lámina de circuito impreso con fibra de vidrio como dieléctrico, usando una cavidad resonante rectangular. La permitividad relativa se presenta como función de la frecuencia. Para obtener las frecuencias de los modos de resonancia de la cavidad, se midieron las pérdidas de retorno utilizando un analizador de redes. La permitividad relativa se estimó encontrando las frecuencias de resonancia de los modos de la cavidad. Los resultados son presentados en el rango de frecuencias de 1 a 3.5 GHz. Se muestra claramente el comportamiento no lineal de la permitividad relativa en el dieléctrico revisado, además de lo que pasa con las frecuencias de los modos resonantes por encima y por debajo de la frecuencia de 2 GHz.This paper presents the results of measuring relative permittivity of fiber glass printed circuit board (PCB’s), using a rectangular resonant cavity. The relative permittivity is presented as function of frequency. To obtain resonant frequencies, the return loss was measured using a network analyzer. Relative permittivity was calculated by finding frequencies of resonant cavity modes. The results are presented in a frequency span of 1 to 3.5GHz. It was clearly shown the nonlinear behavior of the relative permittivity for the dielectric laminate evaluated, even what happens respect to the frequency of the resonant modes below and above to frequency of 2 GHz

A Process Similar to Autophagy is Associated with Cytocidal Chloroquine Resistance in Plasmodium Falciparum

Resistance to the cytostatic activity of the antimalarial drug chloroquine (CQ) is becoming well understood, however, resistance to cytocidal effects of CQ is largely unexplored. We find that PfCRT mutations that almost fully recapitulate P. falciparum cytostatic CQ resistance (CQR(CS)) as quantified by CQ IC50 shift, account for only 10-20% of cytocidal CQR (CQR(CC)) as quantified by CQ LD50 shift. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of the progeny of a chloroquine sensitive (CQS; strain HB3)×chloroquine resistant (CQR; strain Dd2) genetic cross identifies distinct genetic architectures for CQR(CS) vs CQR(CC) phenotypes, including identification of novel interacting chromosomal loci that influence CQ LD50. Candidate genes in these loci are consistent with a role for autophagy in CQR(CC), leading us to directly examine the autophagy pathway in intraerythrocytic CQR parasites. Indirect immunofluorescence of RBC infected with synchronized CQS vs CQR trophozoite stage parasites reveals differences in the distribution of the autophagy marker protein PfATG8 coinciding with CQR(CC). Taken together, the data show that an unusual autophagy-like process is either activated or inhibited for intraerythrocytic trophozoite parasites at LD50 doses (but not IC50 doses) of CQ, that the pathway is altered in CQR P. falciparum, and that it may contribute along with mutations in PfCRT to confer the CQR(CC) phenotype

Evaluación del efecto tóxico de los extractos vegetales acuosos Barbasco (Phyllantus sp.) Neem (Azadirachta indica) y Marigol (Tagetes patula) sobre los microorganismos Trichoderma sp. y Metarhizium sp.

El experimento se llevó a cabo en el Laboratorio de Fitopatología del Centro de Investigación Natfaima de Corpoica, localizado en el municiplo de El Espinal, departamento del Tolima, entre los meses de marzo y agosto de 2003, Para la piueba se utilizaron extractos vegetales acuosos de Neem (Azadirachía indican), Marigol (Tagetes patula)] y Barbasco [Phylanthus ichihyomelhlus) y los microorganismos biocontroladores Irichoderma sp y Metarhizium so. Bajo condiciones de laboratorio se evaluaron cinco concentraciones (0%. 5%, 10%, 15% y 20%) de cada uno de los tres extractos Gicuosos, frente al crecimiento de los dos microorganismos biocontroladores. Se evaluaron las variables tasa de crecimiento (Crecimiento radial de los hongos biocontraladores) y el valor de la concentración mínima de inhibición. Se ulilizó un diseño completamente al azar y las observaciones se analizaron mediante pruebas de regresión y correlación. En conclusión se puede afirmar que ninguno de los tres extractos en las concentraciones evaluadas, afectan severamente a los hongos Metarhizium so. y Trichoderma sal y que tanto el Neern como el Margo! en concentaciones superiores al 20% puede lener un efecto funguiciaa contra el hongo Trchoaerma so. Igualmente con respecto a Marigel, es posible que en concentraciones más altas, tenga efectos tóxicos sobre el Metarhizlumn sp

Evaluación en laboratorios e invernadero de extractos vegetales de barbasco (Pyllantus sp) Marigol (Tagetes patula) y semilla de Neem (Azadirachta A. Juss) para el control de Meloidogyne javanica y Fusarium oxysporum en tomate de mesa (Lycopersicon sculetum)

sumarios (En, Es)El cultivó de tomate (lycoperslcon scu/enlum) es una de las hortalizas de mayor área sembrada o nivel mundial, China ocupa el primer lugar en producción con 25.5 millones de toneladas seguido de USA con 2.3 millones de toneladas. Para el año de 1997 lo producción mundial de tomate de mesa fue de 88.7 millones de toneladas. En Colombia para el mismo año, el áreo sembrado fue de I 2,800 hectáreas para uno producción de 37 4 261 toneladas con lo cual participó en el mercado mundial con un 0.3% en exportaciones; el incremento en la producción desde 1998 al 2002 no creció más del 5% (FAOl998-2002) El tomate se cultivó en todo el país, o lo intemperie y bajo invernadero cerca del 80% de la producción está concentrada en los departamentos de Cundinamarca, Norte de Santander, Valle, Caldas. Huila, Tolima, Risaralda y Antioquia. Tradicionalmente se cultivan las variedades chonto y milano, pero en Atlántico, Guajira y Santander, se cultivan las variedades Rio Grande y Tomate Ciruelo.Tomate-Solanum lycopersicu

A Process Similar to Autophagy is Associated with Cytocidal Chloroquine Resistance in Plasmodium Falciparum

Resistance to the cytostatic activity of the antimalarial drug chloroquine (CQ) is becoming well understood, however, resistance to cytocidal effects of CQ is largely unexplored. We find that PfCRT mutations that almost fully recapitulate P. falciparum cytostatic CQ resistance (CQR(CS)) as quantified by CQ IC50 shift, account for only 10-20% of cytocidal CQR (CQR(CC)) as quantified by CQ LD50 shift. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of the progeny of a chloroquine sensitive (CQS; strain HB3)×chloroquine resistant (CQR; strain Dd2) genetic cross identifies distinct genetic architectures for CQR(CS) vs CQR(CC) phenotypes, including identification of novel interacting chromosomal loci that influence CQ LD50. Candidate genes in these loci are consistent with a role for autophagy in CQR(CC), leading us to directly examine the autophagy pathway in intraerythrocytic CQR parasites. Indirect immunofluorescence of RBC infected with synchronized CQS vs CQR trophozoite stage parasites reveals differences in the distribution of the autophagy marker protein PfATG8 coinciding with CQR(CC). Taken together, the data show that an unusual autophagy-like process is either activated or inhibited for intraerythrocytic trophozoite parasites at LD50 doses (but not IC50 doses) of CQ, that the pathway is altered in CQR P. falciparum, and that it may contribute along with mutations in PfCRT to confer the CQR(CC) phenotype

Kvaliteta sjemena u ovaca

Reproductive evaluation, the selection of individual breeders, and reproductive biotechnologies are important tools in developing productive and reproductive rates. When choosing a male as a breeding future, determining its general health status and genotypic and phenotypic superiority are necessary. This study evaluated the conventional and functional seminal quality in ovine males. The semen of eleven ovines of different pure races was collected by electroejaculation. The following average values were observed for each conventional parameter: scrotal circumference (CE, 34.3 cm), seminal volume (vol, 1.63 mL), concentration (C, 768.4 x 106/mL), individual motility (MI, 80%), masal motility (MM, 4) and vigor (Vi, 3.7). On the other hand, functional analysis showed plasma membrane integrity (PMI) of 45.7%, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) of 38.5%, DNA fragmentation index (DFI) of 17.0%, lipoperoxidation of the membrane (LPO) of 32.7%, and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) of 28.56%. Additionally, a high and positive correlation was found for variables concerning seminal quality: Vi and MM, Vi and MI, MMP and MM, MMP and MI, PMI and MMP, as well as ROS and MMP. In contrast, two strongly negative correlations were obtained (C vs. Vol and LPO vs. CE). These are the first estimates of functional seminal quality evaluation of sheep in Colombia. In addition, this study provides a baseline for conventional and functional seminal parameters in the region.Reproduktivna procjena, odabir pojedinačnih rasplodnih mužjaka i reproduktivne biotehnologije važni su alati u unaprjeđenju produktivnih i reproduktivnih stopa. Pri odabiru mužjaka za rasplod, potrebno je određivanje općeg zdravstvenog statusa te genotipske i fenotipske superiornosti. Ovaj rad procjenjuje konvencionalnu i funkcionalnu kvalitetu sjemena u ovnova. Sjeme jedanaest ovnova različitih čistokrvnih pasmina prikupljeno je elektroejakulacijom. Zamijećene su sljedeće prosječne vrijednosti za svaki konvencionalni parametar: opseg skrotuma (CE, 34,3 cm), volumen sjemena (vol, 1,63 mL), koncentracija (C, 768,4 x 106/mL), pojedinačna pokretljivost (MI, 80 %), ukupna pokretljivost (MM, 4) i vitalnost (Vi, 3,7). S druge strane, funkcionalna analiza pokazala je integritet stanične membrane (PMI) od 45,7 %, potencijal mitohondrijske membrane (MMP) od 38,5 %, indeks fragmentacije DNK (DFI) od 17,0%, lipoperoksidaciju membrane (LPO) od 32,7 % i proizvodnju reaktivnih kisikovih spojeva (ROS) od 28,56 %. Uz to je otkrivena i visoka i pozitivna korelacija za varijable o kvaliteti sjemena: Vi i MM, Vi i MI, MMP i MM, MMP i MI, PMI i MMP, kao i ROS i MMP. Suprotno tome, dobivene su dvije vrlo negativne korelacije (C nasuprot Vol i LPO nasuprot CE). To su prve procjene ocjenjivanja funkcionalne kvalitete sjemena ovaca u Kolumbiji. Uz to, ova studija osigurava početnu vrijednost za sve konvencionalne i funkcionalne parametre sjemena u regiji

Actitud de los estudiantes de IX y X semestre del Colegio Odontológico Colombiano frente al paciente VIH, 2006-I

Objetivo: Identificar cuál es la actitud de estudiantes de odontologí­a frente al paciente VIH. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal. La muestra fue de 141 estudiantes de las clí­nicas del Colegio Odontológico Colombiano, seleccionados aleatoriamente. La recolección de la información se realizó con una encuesta tipo cuestionario de 19 preguntas. Se evaluaron actitudes del estudiante de odontologí­a frente al paciente VIH positivo, teniendo en cuenta variables como la edad, el semestre, el estado civil, la religión, las actitudes que tení­a el estudiante para la atención de pacientes VIH. Resultados: El género femenino se presentó con mayor proporción en la investigación con un 68.8%. El 64.5% del grupo estudiado pertenecí­a a 9 semestre. Se encontró que el 85.1% de los estudiantes atenderí­an a pacientes VIH+. La condición de bioseguridad fue la más importante para llevar a cabo esta actividad (71.6%), siendo más importante para los estudiantes de 10 semestre. La mayorí­a de los estudiantes manifestó sentir compromiso ético y profesional con porcentajes de 80.2% y 78% respectivamente para la atención de pacientes VIH+, siendo más importante para los estudiantes de 9 semestre (83% y 80% respectivamente). La atención de los pacientes como si fueran todos VIH+ es una práctica que el 84.4% llevan a cabo durante la consulta, situación que es más frecuente en los estudiantes de 10 semestre (86%). Conclusiones: Los estudiantes no presentaron problemas a la hora de atender pacientes VIH positivos; aunque se pudo apreciar que los conocimientos que éstos tienen para atenderlos en muchas ocasiones son insuficientes