1,442 research outputs found
Neuroendocrine Regulation of Metabolism
Given the current environment in most developed countries, it is a challenge to maintain a good balance between calories consumed and calories burned, although maintenance of metabolic balance is key to good health. Therefore, understanding how metabolic regulation is achieved and how the dysregulation of metabolism affects health is an area of intense research. Most studies focus on the hypothalamus, which is a brain area that acts as a key regulator of metabolism. Among the nuclei that comprise the hypothalamus, the arcuate nucleus is one of the major mediators in the regulation of food intake. The regulation of energy balance is also a key factor ensuring the maintenance of any species as a result of the dependence of reproduction on energy stores. Adequate levels of energy reserves are necessary for the proper functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This review discusses valuable data presented in the 2015 edition of the International Workshop of Neuroendocrinology concerning the fundamental nature of the hormonal regulation of the hypothalamus and the impact on energy balance and reproduction.Fil: Cornejo, MarĂa Paula. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de BiologĂa Celular. Provincia de Buenos Aires. GobernaciĂłn. ComisiĂłn de Investigaciones CientĂficas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de BiologĂa Celular. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de BiologĂa Celular; ArgentinaFil: Hentges, S.T.. State University of Colorado - Fort Collins; Estados UnidosFil: Maliqueo, M.. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Coirini, Hector. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Instituto de BiologĂa y Medicina Experimental. FundaciĂłn de Instituto de BiologĂa y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de BiologĂa y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Becu Villalobos, D.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Instituto de BiologĂa y Medicina Experimental. FundaciĂłn de Instituto de BiologĂa y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de BiologĂa y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Elias, C. F.. University of Michigan; Estados Unido
The Computational Power of Beeps
In this paper, we study the quantity of computational resources (state
machine states and/or probabilistic transition precision) needed to solve
specific problems in a single hop network where nodes communicate using only
beeps. We begin by focusing on randomized leader election. We prove a lower
bound on the states required to solve this problem with a given error bound,
probability precision, and (when relevant) network size lower bound. We then
show the bound tight with a matching upper bound. Noting that our optimal upper
bound is slow, we describe two faster algorithms that trade some state
optimality to gain efficiency. We then turn our attention to more general
classes of problems by proving that once you have enough states to solve leader
election with a given error bound, you have (within constant factors) enough
states to simulate correctly, with this same error bound, a logspace TM with a
constant number of unary input tapes: allowing you to solve a large and
expressive set of problems. These results identify a key simplicity threshold
beyond which useful distributed computation is possible in the beeping model.Comment: Extended abstract to appear in the Proceedings of the International
Symposium on Distributed Computing (DISC 2015
Extending the applicability of an open-ring trap to perform experiments with a single laser-cooled ion
An open-ring ion trap, also referred to as transparent trap was initially
built up to perform - correlation experiments with radioactive
ions. This trap geometry is also well suited to perform experiments with
laser-cooled ions, serving for the development of a new type of Penning trap,
in the framework of the project TRAPSENSOR at the University of Granada. The
goal of this project is to use a single Ca ion as detector for
single-ion mass spectrometry. Within this project and without any modification
to the initial electrode configuration, it was possible to perform Doppler
cooling on Ca ions, starting from large clouds and reaching single
ion sensitivity. This new feature of the trap might be important also for other
experiments with ions produced at Radioactive Ion Beam (RIB) facilities. In
this publication, the trap and the laser system will be described, together
with their performance with respect to laser cooling applied to large ion
clouds down to a single ion.Comment: 9 pages, 13 figure
Beeping a Maximal Independent Set
We consider the problem of computing a maximal independent set (MIS) in an
extremely harsh broadcast model that relies only on carrier sensing. The model
consists of an anonymous broadcast network in which nodes have no knowledge
about the topology of the network or even an upper bound on its size.
Furthermore, it is assumed that an adversary chooses at which time slot each
node wakes up. At each time slot a node can either beep, that is, emit a
signal, or be silent. At a particular time slot, beeping nodes receive no
feedback, while silent nodes can only differentiate between none of its
neighbors beeping, or at least one of its neighbors beeping.
We start by proving a lower bound that shows that in this model, it is not
possible to locally converge to an MIS in sub-polynomial time. We then study
four different relaxations of the model which allow us to circumvent the lower
bound and find an MIS in polylogarithmic time. First, we show that if a
polynomial upper bound on the network size is known, it is possible to find an
MIS in O(log^3 n) time. Second, if we assume sleeping nodes are awoken by
neighboring beeps, then we can also find an MIS in O(log^3 n) time. Third, if
in addition to this wakeup assumption we allow sender-side collision detection,
that is, beeping nodes can distinguish whether at least one neighboring node is
beeping concurrently or not, we can find an MIS in O(log^2 n) time. Finally, if
instead we endow nodes with synchronous clocks, it is also possible to find an
MIS in O(log^2 n) time.Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1108.192
Linear second-order differential equations for barotropic FRW cosmologies
"Simple linear second-order differential equations have been written down for FRW cosmologies with barotropic fluids by Faraoni. His results have been extended by Rosu, who employed techniques belonging to nonrelativistic supersymmetry to obtain time-dependent adiabatic indices. Further extensions are presented here using the known connection between the linear second-order differential equations and Dirac-like equations in the same supersymmetric context. These extensions are equivalent to adding an imaginary part to the adiabatic index which is proportional to the mass parameter of the Dirac spinor. The natural physical interpretation of the imaginary part is related to the particular dissipation and instabilities of the barotropic FRW hydrodynamics that are introduced by means of this supersymmetric scheme.
Agaricales Production: A Systematic Review on its Representative Species’ Cultivation Process and Substrate Influence
Mushroom cultivation has long been of economic importance, specifically in Asian nations where most mushrooms are grown and sold. The globally popular Pleurotus ostreatus and a mushroom with similar composition profiles to it, Calocybe indica, are gaining recognition among farmers in urban areas due to their low-cost production and ability to grow on diversified substrates. Assessing the cultivation of both C. indica and P. ostreatus with selected substrates has been unexplored by researchers, most especially systematic reviews that focus on the cultivation of mushrooms in the Philippines. This paper sought to find the effectiveness of wheat straw, paddy straw, and sugarcane bagasse substrates in increasing specific growth parameters of C. indica and P. ostreatus. A systematic review with a narrative synthesis approach was performed to determine the effects of the chosen substrates on growth and yield parameters. The study utilized the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) as a basis for reporting the results and the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool to appraise the studies included in the review critically. Results show that wheat straw had increased the rate of spawn run and pinhead formation of both mushrooms, while paddy straw obtained high yield parameters. Though there was a lack of substantiation of a leading substrate among the three, paddy and wheat straw are substrates that might have the potential in increasing the mushroom’s yield and quality in the Philippine
Numerical assessment of the influence of cutting operations on the fatigue strength of metals
Presentation delivered by Luis Antonio Gonçalves from CIMNE during the 17th International Conference on Computational Plasticity, Fundamentals and Applications (COMPLAS) taking place from 5 – 7 of September in Barcelona, Spain.The Fatigue4Light project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 10100684
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