762 research outputs found
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Connectionist modal logic: Representing modalities in neural networks
AbstractModal logics are amongst the most successful applied logical systems. Neural networks were proved to be effective learning systems. In this paper, we propose to combine the strengths of modal logics and neural networks by introducing Connectionist Modal Logics (CML). CML belongs to the domain of neural-symbolic integration, which concerns the application of problem-specific symbolic knowledge within the neurocomputing paradigm. In CML, one may represent, reason or learn modal logics using a neural network. This is achieved by a Modalities Algorithm that translates modal logic programs into neural network ensembles. We show that the translation is sound, i.e. the network ensemble computes a fixed-point meaning of the original modal program, acting as a distributed computational model for modal logic. We also show that the fixed-point computation terminates whenever the modal program is well-behaved. Finally, we validate CML as a computational model for integrated knowledge representation and learning by applying it to a well-known testbed for distributed knowledge representation. This paves the way for a range of applications on integrated knowledge representation and learning, from practical reasoning to evolving multi-agent systems
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Fewer epistemological challenges for connectionism
Seventeen years ago, John McCarthy wrote the note Epistemological challenges for connectionism as a response to Paul Smolensky’s paper 'On the proper treatment of connectionism'. I will discuss the extent to which the four key challenges put forward by McCarthy have been solved, and what are the new challenges ahead. I argue that there are fewer epistemological challenges for connectionism, but progress has been slow. Nevertheless, there is now strong indication that neural-symbolic integration can provide effective systems of expressive reasoning and robust learning due to the recent developments in the field
Argument-based agreements in agent societies
In this paper, we present an abstract argumentation framework for the support of agreement processes
in agent societies. It takes into account arguments, attacks among them, and the social context of the
agents that put forward arguments. Then, we deÂżne the semantics of the framework, providing a
mechanism to evaluate arguments in view of other arguments posed in the argumentation process. We
also provide a translation of the framework into a neural network that computes the set of acceptable
arguments and can be tuned to give more or less importance to argument attacks. Finally, the
framework is illustrated with an example in a real domain of a water-rights transfer market.
& 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reservedThis work is supported by the Spanish government Grants CONSOLIDER INGENIO 2010 CSD2007-00022, TIN2008-04446 and TIN2009-13839-C03-01 and by the GVA project PROMETEO 2008/051.Heras Barberá, SM.; Botti Navarro, VJ.; Julian Inglada, VJ. (2012). Argument-based agreements in agent societies. Neurocomputing. 75(1):156-162. doi:10.1016/j.neucom.2011.02.022S15616275
A responsabilidade tributária dos sócios e gerentes das empresas de responsabilidade limitada optantes pelo simples nacional em caso de baixa com débitos
O estudo da responsabilidade tributária dos sĂłcios e gerentes das sociedades por quotas de participação limitadas ocupa protagonismo em diversos debates doutrinários e de igual forma tem grande relevância na esfera jurisprudencial. A pesquisa tem como objetivo interpretar e compreender o posicionamento e pensamentos majoritários sobre a responsabilidade tributária dos sĂłcios e gerentes das sociedades limitadas, mormente optantes pelo Simples Nacional, pelas obrigações no direito tributário ante a regra matriz de responsabilidade tributária prevista no CĂłdigo Tributário Nacional e sua dinâmica com a personalidade jurĂdica do Direito Civil. Este estudo utiliza o mĂ©todo dedutivo, cuja operacionalização se deu atravĂ©s de pesquisa bibliográfica baseadas na doutrina, legislação e jurisprudĂŞncia, adentrando-se no estudo da sociedade limitada, da personalidade jurĂdica e hipĂłteses de sua desconsideração. Em seguida, faz-se uma análise jurisprudencial e doutrinária sobre a regra matriz das obrigações e responsabilidade tributárias, bem como das alterações introduzidas pelas Leis Complementares nÂş 123/2006 e 147/2014 que importaram na responsabilidade tributária dos sĂłcios e dos administradores pelos tributos inadimplidos no momento de baixa da empresa. Concluiu-se que a modificação vai de encontro ao posicionamento doutrinário e jurisprudencial sobre a responsabilidade dos sĂłcios e gerentes da empresa limitada e de igual forma constitui ofensa ao princĂpio do tratamento favorecido Ă s microempresas e Ă s empresas de pequeno porte, imputando aos optantes pelo Simples Nacional uma situação mais gravosa
LEI E CULTURA. BREVES NOTAS EM HOMENAGEM AOS 40 ANOS DO CĂ“DIGO PENAL PORTUGUĂŠS
LEI E CULTURA. BREVES NOTAS EM HOMENAGEMAOS 40 ANOS DO CĂ“DIGO PENAL PORTUGUĂŠ
Coherent and consistent relational transfer learning with auto-encoders
Human defined concepts are inherently transferable, but it is not clear under what conditions they can be modelled effectively by non-symbolic artificial learners. This paper argues that for a transferable concept to be learned, the system of relations that define it must be coherent across domains and properties. That is, they should be consistent with respect to relational constraints, and this consistency must extend beyond the representations encountered in the source domain. Further, where relations are modelled by differentiable functions, their gradients must conform – the functions must at times move together to preserve consistency. We propose a Partial Relation Transfer (PRT) task which exposes how well relation-decoders model these properties, and exemplify this with ordinality prediction transfer task, including a new data set for the transfer domain. We evaluate this on existing relation-decoder models, as well as a novel model designed around the principles of consistency and gradient conformity. Results show that consistency across broad regions of input space indicates good transfer performance, and that good gradient conformity facilitates consistency
"O que estas mulheres querem aqui?" : a escolha do curso normal enquanto estratégia
Este trabalho de conclusĂŁo de licenciatura busca realizar uma reflexĂŁo sobre a escolha das mulheres estudantes na realização do Curso Normal. Partindo de uma introdução em que desenvolvo as motivações, prossigo Ă contextualização da instituição onde foi realizada a pesquisa. ApĂłs, traço um apanhado estatĂstico sobre a situação das mulheres no Brasil, assim como a necessidade de utilizar gĂŞnero e raça enquanto categorias de análise. Posteriormente, desenvolvo questões sobre a atividade docente e as mulheres, pensando nos fatos histĂłricos que envolvem a participação das mulheres nas atividades de ensino. Sigo na escolha de codinomes para as entrevistadas e, em seguida, apresento as estudantes e suas falas, que serĂŁo analisadas a partir de uma perspectiva do cuidado enquanto uma ação estratĂ©gica. Por fim, realizo algumas considerações finais que envolvem o processo do desenvolvimento da pesquisa, as hipĂłteses iniciais, a participação das estudantes entre o falar e o calar, assim como reflexões em torno de um ensino de sociologia que dialogue com as necessidades das educandas e com os conhecimentos que elas possuem, com a sabedoria popular.This monography seeks to reflect on the choice of female students in the realization of the Normal Course. Starting from an introduction in which I develop the motivations, I proceed to the contextualization of the institution where the research was carried out. Afterwards, I draw a statistical survey of the situation of women in Brazil, as well as the need to use gender and race as categories of analysis. Subsequently, I develop questions about teaching activity and women, thinking about the historical facts that involve the participation of women in teaching activities. I keep on the choosing of codenames for the interviewees and then introduce the students and their speeches, which will be analyzed from a perspective of care as a strategic action. Finally, I make some final considerations that involve the process of research development, the initial hypotheses, the students' participation between the speaking and the silence, as well as reflections about a teaching of Sociology that talks to the needs of the students and with the knowledge they possess, with the popular knowledge
Afeto, asilo e desobediĂŞncia : as trĂŞs virtudes para ensinar arte
Este trabalho está organizado em formato de livro de artista. Ele documenta em uma narrativa poética meus aprendizados na jorna da de me tornar docente em artes visuais. Tomando como partida as três virtudes divinas do texto do apóstolo Paulo (1Cor 13:13): fé, esperança e amor. Apresento a minha versão das virtudes: afeto, asilo e desobediência, como as diretrizes da minha formação dentro da academia e fora dela.This work is organized in an artist’s book format. It documents in a po etic narrative my learnings on the journey of becoming a teacher in vi sual arts. Taking as a starting point the three divine virtues of the text of the Apostle Paul (1Cor 13:13): faith, hope and love. I present my version of the virtues: affection, asylum and disobedience, as the guidelines for my training inside and outside the academy
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