Management of Distal Radius Fractures in the Elderly Patients

Distal radius fractures are one of the most common injuries treated by the orthopedic surgeons representing almost 1/6 of the fractures that are treated in the emergency departments and the 75% of all fractures of the upper limb and are second only to hip fractures in elderly population. The age distribution of this kind of injury is typically bimodal with peaks in the young patients (6-25) and in the elderly patients older than 65. In the first case the mechanism of injury is usually a high energy trauma, such as a car accident, whilst in the second one is usually a low energy trauma like a domestic fall. Various classification systems have been proposed for these fractures. The classic eponymy-based classification, which divides the fractures in “Colles, Smith, Hutchinson, etc” is always useful but we think that the best system could be a combination with the classic eponymy-based classification with the one proposed by the AO Trauma. Distal radius fractures are frequent in elderly active patients and are usually treated with closed reduction and cast immobilization for 5-6 weeks. Decision for surgical treatment in osteoporotic and elderly patients is difficult as there are no significant differences of functional outcome after non surgical and surgical treatment, patient’s comfort, pre- injury activity level, life style requirement, stage of osteoporosis, fracture stability, joint congruency, loss of previous reduction and bilateral fractures should be considered in decision making. Of different kinds of surgical treatment we prefer k-wires fixation, epibloc or ORIF with locking plate

Comparison of the suitability of intra-oral scanning with conventional impression of edentulous maxilla in vivo. A preliminary study

Aim According to recent literature, the accuracy of digital impression can be compared with traditional impressions for most indications. However, little is known about their suitability in digitizing edentulous jaws in view of mobile prosthetic rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to compare in vivo an intra-oral scanner with conventional impression in case of maxillary edentulous jaws. Material and methods Four (1 male, 3 female) subjects who had no previous experience with either conventional or digital impression participated in this study. Digital impression were taken using an intra-oral scanner. After that conventional impressions of maxillary edentulous jaws were taken with an irreversible hydrocolloid impression material. Then all IOSs datasets were loaded in a three-dimensional evaluation software (3DReshaper 2017, Hexagon), where they were superimposed on the model obtained using conventional impression and compared. Results The mean value of difference between the two impression techniques ranged from 219 to 347 μm. The comparison of models obtained with the two techniques showed that the compression given by the impression material on the peripheral areas, such as oral vestibule and soft palate, determined the most important differences recorded. Conclusion Digitizing edentulous jaws with the use of IOS appeared to be feasible in vivo, although peripheral tissue were not effectively reproduced. On the basis of the results of this study, the authors could not recommend the use of IOS for digitization of edentulous jaws in vivo in view of mobile prosthetic rehabilitation, until it will be found a way to give a selective pressure in peripheral areas as occurs during edging of impression tray

Civil jurisdiction in religious matters in the controversies of the 16th century in the context of Reform

El poder y los límites del magistrado civil en materia de fe religiosa constituyen los puntos nodales de la controversia desarrollada en el ámbito Protestante, entre las muchas interpretaciones de la Reforma, respecto a la aplicación de la pena capital para los herejes. El proceso del médico antitrinitarista español Miguel Serveto, analizado en sus puntos críticos de procedimiento en las obras de Sébastien Castellion, constituye la principal acusación contra Calvino y Teodoro de Beza y la primera afirmación explícita de la ilegitimidad de la pena de muerte bajo el perfil jurídico. La defensa de la autonomía del hombre en el ámbito religioso, con respecto a la jurisdicción política y religiosa, constituye la primera afirmación de los valores de dignidad y libertad del individuo en relación con la autoridad y permite delinear un nuevo orden de relaciones entre el derecho y la religión en cuanto a lo conocido hasta entonces en Europa, que encontrará su formulación más lograda en las ideas iluministas y en la afirmación de la laicidad de los sistemas políticos para la protección del pluralismo de valores y derechos de libertad.The power and the limitations of the civil magistrate regarding the religious belief constitute the nodal points of the controversy which has developed in the protestant field between the different interpretations of the Reform regarding the application of the death penalty for the heretics. The trial of Michael Servetus, an anti-Trinitarian physician, analysed in its critical procedural points in Sébastien Castellion’s works, constitutes the main act of accusation against Calvin and Theodore Beza and the first explicit statement of the illegitimacy of the death penalty, from a legal point of view. The defence of the autonomy of man in the religious field from the political and religious jurisdiction constitutes the first statement of the values of dignity and freedom of the individual against the authority and it allows to draw a new layout of the relations between law and religion, which is different from the one known until that era in Europe, and that will find its fullest expression in the ideas of the Enlightenment and in the assertion of the secularization of the political orders for the protection of the pluralism of the values and rights of freedom.Ciencias ReligiosasDerech

I.O.D.E. Earl Mountbatten Chapter Fonds, 1903-2014

The I.O.D.E. as we currently know it today was founded in 1900 by Margaret Polson Murray of Montreal, who recognized a need for loyal support of Canadians departing to fight in the Boer War with the Empire forces in South Africa. She encouraged the formation of a federation of women to promote patriotism, loyalty and service to others. The first chapter was formed in Fredericton, New Brunswick on January 15th 1900. Primary chapters were formed in quick succession across Canada. In 1901, Edith Boulton Nordheimer was elected the first national president, the location of the head office became Toronto, Ontario and the federation was incorporated as Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire and Children of the Empire Junior Branch. The Earl Mountbatten Chapter was formed in 1947 and is continuing to be a functioning chapter at the time of writing this finding aid. During the 1970’s the name I.O.D.E. was officially adopted. It is a federally chartered not-for-profit, charitable organization. Structured to report under the jurisdiction of the National chapter are the Provincial chapters, the Municipal chapters and the Primary chapters. The I.O.D.E. is associated with the Victory League in England and Daughters of the British Empire in the United States and it is proud of its heritage and traditions. Queen Elizabeth II is the current patron of the organization and although chapters sometimes disband there are always new chapters forming, including e-chapters that meet through 21st century electronics.This archive is comprised of records relating to activities of the Earl Mountbatten Chapter of the I.O.D.E., which is one of several small chapters belonging to the St. Catharines Municipal Chapter of the I.O.D.E. The bulk of the material is minutes of meetings, related reports and scrapbooks

Rittermere Farm Craft Studio Fonds, 1951-2006

During the 1950’s, the Rittenhouse family of Vineland in the Niagara Peninsula opened a craft store and studio. Within a short period of time, they realized that resources for the craft of rug hooking were in demand and they began to build their business around this niche. Edna Rittenhouse, the mother, was the wool dyer; Margaret Rowan, the daughter, was the pattern designer; Ted Rowan, the son-in-law, changed careers and became the manager of the family business. The 1960’s were a prosperous time, not only in the Niagara Peninsula, but also for the Rittenhouse business. Edna Rittenhouse had been hooking rugs for decades but she and her family worked at developing and sharing newer techniques with newer materials. Shading manuals were authored and published; students became teachers; creativity abounded in the demand for and the creation of new designs. Instead of using woolen yarn, they were using pure woolen fabric; instead of using a standard cutter, they began using a uniquely designed cutter; instead of using frames, they employed a table top method. The new material and technique resulted in a rug with a smooth, uniform texture and a soft nap. Since many crafters belonged to crafters guilds, Margaret and Ted Rowan began promoting the idea of a guild for rug hookers and in time the Ontario Hooking Craft Guild was also a reality. A joint project between Chatelaine magazine and the Rittermere studio for Canada’s centennial year of 1967 was extremely well received within the circle of hooking crafters and the Rittermere Farm Craft Studio became a North American landmark for crafters. From this point onward the studio had a large customer base not only in North America but also overseas. The studio remained popular until 1984 when Margaret and Ted Rowan decided to retire. The Rittermere name has been preserved in the name of Rittermere-Hurst-Field which is a similar business located in Aurora which is just north of Toronto.This archive is comprised of material relating to the craft of rug hooking and the Rittenhouse family’s involvement in the craft. The Rittenhouse family ran a successful business known as the Rittermere Farm Craft Studio as well as being the driving force behind the formation of the Ontario Hooking Craft Guild. Edna Rittenhouse was a lifelong crafter and her daughter and son-in-law worked with her to develop new materials and techniques for the craft. Design creation was also one of their specialties

EVOLUTION AND HEALING OF FRAGILITY FRACTURES OF THE PROXIMAL FEMUR

After a traumatic fracture a physiological process begins to heal the fracture. The steps of the process are inflammation, granulation, formation of fibrous callus and finally bone. There are many factors that may influence the healing of the fracture: adequate blood supply, good contact between bone fragments, good stability of the fracture, general health, age, smoking, related pathology, use of drugs, etc. In elderly patients the variations in bone structure and healing processes have a negative influence on fracture healing. Fragility fractures require careful placement of the implants to reduce the risk of failure of osteosynthesis. Appropriate surgical devices and facilitation factors must be used to allow bone healing

Overreacting Beliefs in Finance and Economics

This thesis investigates overreacting beliefs in Finance and Economics. Chapter 1 investigates overreaction to news in the term structure of interest rates. We find evidence of overreaction whose intensity is increasing with maturity, causing excess volatility of long term interest rates. We incorporate non rational beliefs into an otherwise standard asset pricing model and we show that it captures excess volatility of asset prices as well as forecast errors predictability. The second Chapter investigates the consequences of over-reacting beliefs when agents interact, via the observation of past actions of others. Even though individually overreaction entails a loss (in the MSE sense), at the aggregate level it injects more private information into the economy, thereby increasing stability and avoiding informational cascades. The third Chapter investigates the foundations of overreaction to information in a constrained Bayesian updating framework. We show that a bound on the surprise an agent can experience from the data implies an overweight of current information and ultimately overreaction to information

GOSPF: An energy efficient implementation of the OSPF routing protocol

Energy saving iscurrently one of the most challenging issues for the Internet research community. In- deed, the exponential growth of applications and services induces a remarkable increase in power consumption and hence calls for novel solutions which are capable to preserve energy of the infra- structures, at the same time maintaining the required Quality of Service guarantees. In this paper we introduce a new mechanism for saving energy through intelligent switch off of network links. The mechanism has been implemented as an extension to the Open Shortest Path First routing protocol.We first show through simulations that our solutionis capable to dramatically reduce energy consumption when compared to the standard OSPF implementation. We then illustrate a real-world implementation of the proposed protocol within the Quagga routing software suite

Posterior Subtalar Dislocation

A subtalar dislocation of the foot is an uncommon injury, and cases of posterior subtalar dislocation are even rarer. This injury is characterized by a simultaneous dislocation of talocalcaneal and talonavicular joints while tibiotalar and calcaneocuboid articulations remain intact. Subtalar dislocation is commonly accompanied by fractures of the malleoli, talus, or fifth metatarsal and by a rotational component of the subtalar joint. Subtalar dislocation can occur in any direction and produces significant deformity. This article presents a case of pure posterior subtalar dislocation in an 80-year-old man who presented with pain and deformity in his left ankle following a motorcycle accident. Radiographs demonstrated dislocation of both the talonavicular and talocalcaneal joints. The calcaneus was displaced posteriorly without medial or lateral displacement. No rotational component of the calcaneus was noted, suggesting the trauma was in pure hyperplantar flexion. We hypothesize that pure hyperplantar flexion could lead to a progressive subtalar ligament weakening that may result in a complete ligament rupture if the plantar flexion force is prolonged. This could be observed in the presence of good bone quality and if the force is applied distally at the navicular bone