Juegos verbales para la expresión oral en estudiantes de segundo ciclo, Carabayllo, 2019

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la influencia de los juegos verbales para la expresión oral en estudiantes de segundo ciclo, Carabayllo, 2019; se empleó el paradigma positivista, investigación de tipo explicativa, con una variable independiente y una dependiente, el diseño fue experimental de tipo preexperimental, con una muestra de 30 estudiantes a quienes se les aplicó la técnica de observación y se aplicó una lista de cotejo pretest y postest los resultados arrojaron distribución no normal, por lo que fueron procesados con estadística no paramétrica, con la prueba de Wilcoxon para muestras relacionadas; se concluyó que los juegos verbales influyen en la expresión oral (Sig = ,000) en estudiantes de segundo ciclo, Carabayllo, 2019

Planeamiento estratégico para la industria de supermercados del Perú

El crecimiento de la economía peruana, el aumento del ingreso per cápita de los pobladores, así como el fácil acceso al crédito han permitido que los consumidores puedan expandir sus opciones de compra y realizarlas dentro del canal moderno, especialmente en el ámbito de Lima Metropolitana. Sin embargo, a pesar de este crecimiento, el canal tradicional de compras, representado principalmente por las bodegas y los mercados, continúa liderando la participación de mercado en la preferencia por los productos de consumo masivo y de primera necesidad. La industria de supermercados en el Perú tiene un potencial que depende del crecimiento sostenido del país y de que los ingresos de las familias peruanas se mantengan acordes con este. Asimismo, el crecimiento de la industria de supermercados está determinado por un cambio de la cultura de compra de la población y de la dinámica de empleo entre los miembros de las familias peruanas. La elaboración de un plan estratégico al 2026 tiene como propósito determinar las estrategias que permitan aprovechar las oportunidades de la coyuntura peruana, de manera que se logre el crecimiento de la industria y que se incremente la penetración de mercado. Estas estrategias, que se encuentran alineadas con la visión y misión propuestas para la industria de supermercados, están orientadas a ampliar el acceso a una opción de compra moderna que contribuya a mejorar la calidad de vida de las familias peruanasDuring the last decade, the modern grocery retail in Peru has seen a progressive increase of the number of stores, particularly in the metropolitan area of Lima, allowing access to a modern option of retail to more consumers. This growth has a strong correlation with the economic growth of the country, the increase of the per-capita income, and the access to consumer credit among the Peruvian families. Despite these factors, that are a common denominator in the growth of the modern grocery retail in different countries, the growth of this industry in Peru depends on more particular factors that are related to the culture and the dynamic of employment of their population. This strategic planning for the modern grocery retail in Peru for the year 2026, analyses the opportunities that the local economic factors provides to this industry, and establishes the strategies to continue with its growth. Although it is necessary for the country to maintain the pace of the economic growth that keeps a steady per-capita income, the modern grocery retail in Peru also needs for the culture of purchase to develop into a more modern approach that will adapt to the dynamics of the Peruvian families as more members of their households enter the labor force. The proposed strategies are aligned with the vision, and aimed for the industry to provide to more Peruvian families with access to a modern option of grocery retail that will improve their quality of lifeTesi

Proyecto Sinfín

El proyecto “Sinfín” aborda el tema de la relación entre mejores amigas, un tema cuyo tratamiento previo es casi nulo, pero es algo que observamos a nuestro alrededor siempre. Esto es lo que motivó principalmente el desarrollo de este trabajo, con el que se buscó comprender los sentimientos y motivaciones de este tipo de relación, a través de las similitudes que se encontró en las amistades de las realizadoras del proyecto. A lo que se sumaron las ideas que Aristóteles señalaba y que buscaban describir el proceso de la amistad. Así, se observa cómo el cortometraje va desde el recuerdo de cómo surge nuestra primera amistad, cómo avanza hacia el intentar comprender las razones por las cuales una amistad permanece, y finalmente cómo se enfrenta a complicaciones que ponen en riesgo la continuidad de la amistad. Fue esto lo que brindó una estructura para la narración del cortometraje, que se construye a través de recuerdos y el intento de explicar la razón detrás de escoger una mejor amiga. Con esto, el espectador podrá ser parte de está introspección que posteriormente podrá conectar con sus propias vivencias, logrando que se desarrolle una reflexión acerca de las relaciones de amistad que cada quien mantiene y la profundidad que las define.The “Sinfín” project addresses the issue of the relationship between best friends, a subject whose previous treatment is almost nil, but it is something that we always observe around us. This is what mainly motivated the development of this work, which sought to understand the feelings and motivations of this type of relationship, through the similarities found in the friendships of the project's creators. To which were added the ideas that Aristotle pointed out and that sought to describe the process of friendship. Thus, it is observed how the short film goes from the memory of how our first friendship arises, how it progresses towards trying to understand the reasons why a friendship remains, and finally how it faces complications that put the continuity of the friendship at risk. It was this that provided a structure for the narration of the short film, which is built through memories and the attempt to explain the reason for choosing a best friend. With this, the viewer will be able to be part of this introspection that will later be able to connect with their own experiences, achieving a reflection about the friendship relationships that each one maintains and the depth that define them.Trabajo de investigació

Electrochemical Noise Analysis Using Experimental Chaos Theory, Power Spectral Density and Hilbert–Huang Transform in Anodized Aluminum Alloys in Tartaric–Phosphoric–Sulfuric Acid Solutions

Aluminum and its alloys find widespread applications across diverse industries such as the automotive, construction, and aeronautics industries. When these alloys come into contact with ambient air, an Al2O3 thin oxide layer is naturally formed, typically measuring 2 to 4 nm and exhibiting remarkable hardness and protective qualities, rendering the alloys corrosion-resistant in specific atmospheric and chemical environments. This study aimed to characterize the electrochemical behaviors of anodized AA2024 and AA7075 alloys within a complex three-component electrolyte composed of tartaric–phosphoric–sulfuric acid (TPSA) solutions. The anodized specimens were subsequently exposed to 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution at room temperature, and their electrochemical performances were meticulously evaluated using an electrochemical noise (EN) analysis in accordance with ASTM G-199, respectively. In the EN, three methods of data analysis were used: the time domain analysis (chaos analysis: application of Lyapunov exponent and dimension correlation), the frequency domain analysis (power spectral density, PSD), and the time–frequency domains analysis (Hilbert–Huang transform, HHT). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the morphologies of the anodized surfaces. The results indicated that the AA2024-0, AA2024-1, and AA2024-2 alloys and the AA7075-2 and AA7075-3 samples exhibited mixed corrosion according to the Lyapunov constant, with a notable inclination towards localized corrosion when analyzed using the PSD and HHT methods. The surface was not homogenous, and the corrosion process was predominately localized in specific zones

α1Proteinase Inhibitor Regulates CD4+ Lymphocyte Levels and Is Rate Limiting in HIV-1 Disease

Background: The regulation of adult stem cell migration through human hematopoietic tissue involves the chemokine CXCL12 (SDF-1) and its receptor CXCR4 (CD184). In addition, human leukocyte elastase (HLE) plays a key role. When HLE is located on the cell surface (HLE CS), it acts not as a proteinase, but as a receptor for a 1proteinase inhibitor (a 1PI, a 1antitrypsin, SerpinA1). Binding of a1PI to HLECS forms a motogenic complex. We previously demonstrated that a1PI deficiency attends HIV-1 disease and that a1PI augmentation produces increased numbers of immunocompetent circulating CD4 + lymphocytes. Herein we investigated the mechanism underlying the a 1PI deficiency that attends HIV-1 infection. Methods and Findings: Active a 1PI in HIV-1 subjects (median 17 mM, n = 35) was significantly below normal (median 36 mM, p,0.001, n = 30). In HIV-1 uninfected subjects, CD4 + lymphocytes were correlated with the combined factors a1PI, HLECS + lymphocytes, and CXCR4 + lymphocytes (r 2 = 0.91, p,0.001, n = 30), but not CXCL12. In contrast, in HIV-1 subjects with.220 CD4 cells/ml, CD4 + lymphocytes were correlated solely with active a 1PI (r 2 =0.93,p,0.0001, n = 26). The monoclonal anti-HIV-1 gp120 antibody 3F5 present in HIV-1 patient blood is shown to bind and inactivate human a 1PI. Chimpanzee a 1PI differs from human a1PI by a single amino acid within the 3F5-binding epitope. Unlike human a1PI, chimpanzee a1PI did not bind 3F5 or become depleted following HIV-1 challenge, consistent with the normal CD4 + lymphocyte levels and benign syndrome of HIV-1 infected chimpanzees. The presence of IgG-a 1PI immune complexes correlated with decreased CD4 + lymphocytes in HIV-1 subjects

A collaboratively derived environmental research agenda for Galapagos

Galápagos is one of the most pristine archipelagos in the world and its conservation relies upon research and sensible management. In recent decades both the interest in, and the needs of, the islands have increased, yet the funds and capacity for necessary research have remained limited. It has become, therefore, increasingly important to identify areas of priority research to assist decision-making in Galápagos conservation. This study identified 50 questions considered priorities for future research and management. The exercise involved the collaboration of policy makers, practitioners and researchers from more than 30 different organisations. Initially, 360 people were consulted to generate 781 questions. An established process of preworkshop voting and three rounds to reduce and reword the questions, followed by a two-day workshop, was used to produce the final 50 questions. The most common issues raised by this list of questions were human population growth, climate change and the impact of invasive alien species. These results have already been used by a range of organisations and politicians and are expected to provide the basis for future research on the islands so that its sustainability may be enhanced. </jats:p

Associations between depressive symptoms and disease progression in older patients with chronic kidney disease: results of the EQUAL study

Background Depressive symptoms are associated with adverse clinical outcomes in patients with end-stage kidney disease; however, few small studies have examined this association in patients with earlier phases of chronic kidney disease (CKD). We studied associations between baseline depressive symptoms and clinical outcomes in older patients with advanced CKD and examined whether these associations differed depending on sex. Methods CKD patients (&gt;= 65 years; estimated glomerular filtration rate &lt;= 20 mL/min/1.73 m(2)) were included from a European multicentre prospective cohort between 2012 and 2019. Depressive symptoms were measured by the five-item Mental Health Inventory (cut-off &lt;= 70; 0-100 scale). Cox proportional hazard analysis was used to study associations between depressive symptoms and time to dialysis initiation, all-cause mortality and these outcomes combined. A joint model was used to study the association between depressive symptoms and kidney function over time. Analyses were adjusted for potential baseline confounders. Results Overall kidney function decline in 1326 patients was -0.12 mL/min/1.73 m(2)/month. A total of 515 patients showed depressive symptoms. No significant association was found between depressive symptoms and kidney function over time (P = 0.08). Unlike women, men with depressive symptoms had an increased mortality rate compared with those without symptoms [adjusted hazard ratio 1.41 (95% confidence interval 1.03-1.93)]. Depressive symptoms were not significantly associated with a higher hazard of dialysis initiation, or with the combined outcome (i.e. dialysis initiation and all-cause mortality). Conclusions There was no significant association between depressive symptoms at baseline and decline in kidney function over time in older patients with advanced CKD. Depressive symptoms at baseline were associated with a higher mortality rate in men

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

Independent and combined effects of improved water, sanitation, and hygiene, and improved complementary feeding, on child stunting and anaemia in rural Zimbabwe: a cluster-randomised trial.

BACKGROUND: Child stunting reduces survival and impairs neurodevelopment. We tested the independent and combined effects of improved water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), and improved infant and young child feeding (IYCF) on stunting and anaemia in in Zimbabwe. METHODS: We did a cluster-randomised, community-based, 2 × 2 factorial trial in two rural districts in Zimbabwe. Clusters were defined as the catchment area of between one and four village health workers employed by the Zimbabwe Ministry of Health and Child Care. Women were eligible for inclusion if they permanently lived in clusters and were confirmed pregnant. Clusters were randomly assigned (1:1:1:1) to standard of care (52 clusters), IYCF (20 g of a small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplement per day from age 6 to 18 months plus complementary feeding counselling; 53 clusters), WASH (construction of a ventilated improved pit latrine, provision of two handwashing stations, liquid soap, chlorine, and play space plus hygiene counselling; 53 clusters), or IYCF plus WASH (53 clusters). A constrained randomisation technique was used to achieve balance across the groups for 14 variables related to geography, demography, water access, and community-level sanitation coverage. Masking of participants and fieldworkers was not possible. The primary outcomes were infant length-for-age Z score and haemoglobin concentrations at 18 months of age among children born to mothers who were HIV negative during pregnancy. These outcomes were analysed in the intention-to-treat population. We estimated the effects of the interventions by comparing the two IYCF groups with the two non-IYCF groups and the two WASH groups with the two non-WASH groups, except for outcomes that had an important statistical interaction between the interventions. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01824940. FINDINGS: Between Nov 22, 2012, and March 27, 2015, 5280 pregnant women were enrolled from 211 clusters. 3686 children born to HIV-negative mothers were assessed at age 18 months (884 in the standard of care group from 52 clusters, 893 in the IYCF group from 53 clusters, 918 in the WASH group from 53 clusters, and 991 in the IYCF plus WASH group from 51 clusters). In the IYCF intervention groups, the mean length-for-age Z score was 0·16 (95% CI 0·08-0·23) higher and the mean haemoglobin concentration was 2·03 g/L (1·28-2·79) higher than those in the non-IYCF intervention groups. The IYCF intervention reduced the number of stunted children from 620 (35%) of 1792 to 514 (27%) of 1879, and the number of children with anaemia from 245 (13·9%) of 1759 to 193 (10·5%) of 1845. The WASH intervention had no effect on either primary outcome. Neither intervention reduced the prevalence of diarrhoea at 12 or 18 months. No trial-related serious adverse events, and only three trial-related adverse events, were reported. INTERPRETATION: Household-level elementary WASH interventions implemented in rural areas in low-income countries are unlikely to reduce stunting or anaemia and might not reduce diarrhoea. Implementation of these WASH interventions in combination with IYCF interventions is unlikely to reduce stunting or anaemia more than implementation of IYCF alone. FUNDING: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, UK Department for International Development, Wellcome Trust, Swiss Development Cooperation, UNICEF, and US National Institutes of Health.The SHINE trial is funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1021542 and OPP113707); UK Department for International Development; Wellcome Trust, UK (093768/Z/10/Z, 108065/Z/15/Z and 203905/Z/16/Z); Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation; US National Institutes of Health (2R01HD060338-06); and UNICEF (PCA-2017-0002)