The double burden of malnutrition in Indonesia

Introduction The double burden of malnutrition (DBM) is characterised by overlapping conditions of under- and over-nutrition within one population, household, or even individual. Indonesia faces this situation. The overall aim of this thesis was to provide a better understanding of DBM in Indonesian children. Methods This thesis used a mixed methods approach, combining a secondary data analysis from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) and a qualitative study. Prevalence data for DBM, from Indonesian children aged 2.0-4.9 years at four different time points -1993, 1997, 2000, and 2007 - were calculated. In addition I undertook a longitudinal analysis of children aged 2.0 to 4.9 years at baseline (1993 and 2000) and their weight and blood pressure status 7 (2000 and 2007) and 14 years (2007) later. In the qualitative study I explored the perceptions of Indonesian mothers and grandmothers of under-five and elementary school-aged children towards child obesity and food choices. I conducted twelve focus group discussions in West Java with 94 carers from three different socioeconomic status groups. Results DBM occurs in Indonesian children, with decreasing secular trends in stunting and underweight; and increasing trends in overweight/obesity. I found an inconsistent trend in the prevalence of concurrent stunting and overweight across 1993 to 2007. Although the cross sectional data showed that stunted children are more likely to be overweight/ obese, my longitudinal evidence showed the opposite. I found no association between stunting in early childhood and thinness, overweight/ obesity, or high blood pressure in the later years. In the qualitative study, primary carers still define overweight subjectively. The “chubbier is healthier” concept may be a contributing factor, and even though some mothers realize that their children are overweight/ obese, denial of the effect of overweight/ obesity on their children’s physical ability is still apparent. There are complex reasons behind primary carers’ decision-making processes around their children’s food choices that may additionally contribute to the increased prevalence of overweight/ obesity. Conclusion These results provide a better understanding of DBM in Indonesia. Such information is likely to reveal potential strategies to tackle this issue both in Indonesia, and potentially in other low- and middle-income countries

Era baru publikasi di Indonesia: status jurnal open access di Directory of Open Access Journal (DOAJ)

Introduction. The quality of journals in Indonesia is much criticized; however, the number of Indonesian journals that meet the criteria of Directory of Open Access Journal (DOAJ) is quite a lot. This study describes some facts of Indonesia’s publications based on DOAJ and World Bank data.Data Collection Method. Some filtering processes in DOAJ database were done based on sum of journals, scientific fields distribution, and Article Processing Charge (APC). Open data regarding research funds among countries in World Bank database were analyzed.Data Analysis. This study used quantitative-descriptive design with frequency analysis technique. Data visualization was done with R Statistical Computing and Google Sheets.Results and Discussions. In March 2017, there were 500 Indonesian journals (5th rank worldwide); 420 of them were in Indonesian covering more than 51,000 articles (7th rank). The top three fields were: education, Islam religion, as well as business and commerce. As much as 70% of the journals were free of APC. Science must prioritize inclusiveness and equality inline with the principles of originality and honesty.Conclusions. This study concludes that open access journals in Indonesia improves the accessibility, quality, and relevance of Indonesian research, which can be reused by communities, industries, and the government

Penerapan Open Science di Indonesia agar riset lebih terbuka, mudah Diakses, dan Meningkatkan Dampak Saintifik

A significant development of open science movement has been witnessed in the last five years. This could bring a fresh start to Indonesian academia. The objective of this paper is to showcase the advancement of open science concept and implementation that can be adopted to increase impact. We did a literature review on peer-reviewed papers, websites of funding agency, open science blogs, and threads on Twitter.We believe the values of research output are not limited to a paper in a high reputation journal. Data is now considered as separate output, as well as, data management protocols, and laboratory notebooks. Publishing research results as a preprint is also used to disseminate findings as rapid and as fast as possible. Post publication peer-review is also added to the reviewing system to add openness, transparency, and objectivity. It offers credit to the reviewers. We also see the growth of impact indicators as the results of San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA) statutory. More initiatives and technologies have been introduced to make science more open, transparent, and inclusive.With so many developments have been made, therefore it’s not wise for Indonesian academia to rely themselves only to the old perception of research outputs and impact indicators. 

Promoting data sharing among Indonesian scientists: A proposal of generic university- level RDMP

This article is basically a set of proposed checklists that can be used to draft a university-level data management plan (DMP). We will submit this manuscript to RioJournal (riojournal.com)

JCR_analysis

Data JCR 2014-201

The Possibilities of Ethics in Martin Heidegger's Philosophy

OBJECTIVE:The double burden of malnutrition affects many low and middle-income countries. This study aimed to: a) determine temporal trends in the prevalence of underweight, stunting, and at risk of overweight/ overweight or obesity in Indonesian children aged 2.0-4.9 years; and b) examine associated risk factors. DESIGN:A repeated cross-sectional survey. This is a secondary data analysis of waves 1, 2, 3, and 4 (1993, 1997, 2000, and 2007) of the Indonesian Family Life Survey, which includes 13 out of 27 provinces in Indonesia. Height, weight and BMI were expressed as z-scores (2006 WHO Child Growth Standards). Weight-for-age-z-score +1, >+2, >+3 as at-risk, overweight and obese, respectively. RESULTS:There are 938, 913, 939, and 1311 separate children in the 4 waves, respectively. The prevalence of stunting decreased significantly from waves 1 to 4 (from 50.8% to 36.7%), as did the prevalence of underweight (from 34.5% to 21.4%). The prevalence of 'at-risk'/overweight/obesity increased from 10.3% to 16.5% (all P<0.01). Stunting and underweight were related to lower birth weight, being breastfed for 6 months or more, having parents who were underweight or had short stature, and mothers who never attended formal education. Stunting was also higher in rural areas. Being at-risk, or overweight/obese were closely related to being in the youngest age group (2-2·9 years) or male, having parents who were overweight/obese or having fathers with university education. CONCLUSIONS:The double burden of malnutrition occurs in Indonesian children. Development of policy to combine the management of chronic under-nutrition and over-nutrition is required

The Effect of Low Permeability Environment to Groundwater Spring Behaviour at Mount Manglayang Springs, Bandung Regency, West Java, Indonesia (HS05-A001)

<p>Introduction</p> <p>•The hydrostratigraphy under complex geological control of the volcanic aquifer in the Bandung Area has not been completely understood. Therefore we need supporting data and analysis to estimate the behavior of groundwater.</p> <p>•</p> <p>Objectives</p> <p>•The hydrostratigraphy of volcanic aquifer system in Manglayang Mountain, Northern Bandung Area.</p> <p>•The vertical and horizontal groundwater flow pattern in the volcanic aquifer system at Northern Bandung Area.</p> <p>Methodology</p> <p>•There are numerous regional-scaled researches that have been completed in the Bandung area. They need to be carefully identified and critically studied, as the groundwater flow setting has been changed through time with the increase of exploitation. This research will focus on previous researches with available raw data that can be re-analyzed and re-interpreted. The field survey stage will consist of surface geological observation on selected locations with spring and groundwater well measurement.</p> <p>•Physical and chemical properties measurements uses portable instrument: groundwater level meter, thermometer, EC and pH meter. The survey will also take at least 30 groundwater samples on selected locations and depth based on the variation of aquifer system.</p> <p> </p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>•Volcanic layers have local variations due to the rough initial topography and the flowing and falling mechanisms.</p> <p>•Those variations controls the occurrences of groundwater spring in the area.</p> <p>•The temperature and conductivity measurements has proven to be effective to predict the flow system.</p> <p>•The hydrostratigraphical systems has local and regional groundwater flow system.</p> <p>•Start of dry periode: low (due to excess of rainfall from wet season)</p> <p>•End of dry periode: became higher (enrichment effect)</p> <p>•Estimated groundwater delay time: 2-3 months</p> <p> </p> <p>Research Contributions</p> <p>•It displays the importance in-direct methods, as the future of hydrogeological mapping in Indonesia.</p> <p>•It supports the authorities with updated state of groundwater in the area and shows the crucial point of detail mapping in one of the stages in water and land conservation program (scale 1:12,500 or more). Detail mapping portrays the local variations that could be deviated from general understanding.</p

Characteristics of children and parents in each wave of the Indonesian Family Life Survey, n (%) or mean (standard deviation).

<p>Characteristics of children and parents in each wave of the Indonesian Family Life Survey, n (%) or mean (standard deviation).</p

Comparison of the prevalence of stunting, underweight and ‘at risk’ and overweight/obesity within different variables (%, 95% CIs) (n = 4,101).

<p>Comparison of the prevalence of stunting, underweight and ‘at risk’ and overweight/obesity within different variables (%, 95% CIs) (n = 4,101).</p