CAPACITAÇÃO EM TÉCNICAS DE CITOPATOLOGIA DA MUCOSA ORAL E APLICABILIDADE DE SUA CLASSIFICAÇÃO NA PREVENÇÃO DO CÂNCER NA POPULAÇÃO DISCENTE DO INSTITUTO BIOMÉDICO DA UNIRIO, RIO DE JANEIRO, RJ.

As lesões de mucosa oral são negligenciadas pela sociedade médica e observa-se uma deficiência da formação acadêmica no que tange a capacidade do profissional de identificar lesões malignas e pré-malignas, que são causas importantes de morbimortalidade na população¹. Objetivou-se a capacitação de estudantes de Medicina quanto à identificação e manejo de lesões comuns da mucosa oral, neoplásicas ou não, além do traçado do perfil da população atendida com lesões e a orientação dos casos sugestivos de lesões de risco. Palavras-chave: Citopatologia; Prevenção de câncer; População discent

TÉCNICAS DE ANESTESIA PARA CIRURGIA DE CÂNCER DE CÓRNEA E PROCEDIMENTOS DE CIRURGIA GERAL

Anesthesia plays a crucial role in corneal cancer surgery and general surgery procedures, directly affecting patient safety and comfort during the procedure. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the most appropriate anesthetic techniques for these types of surgeries.  Objective: This study aims to analyze the anesthesia techniques used in corneal cancer surgeries and general surgery procedures, aiming to identify the most effective and safe ones for patients. Methodology: An integrative literature review was conducted, encompassing studies selected between 2002 and 2023 from the SciELO, BVS, and Web of Science databases. The guiding question, defined by the PICO acronym, was: "What are the most effective and safe anesthesia techniques for corneal cancer surgeries and general surgery procedures?" Results: The review results showed a variety of anesthesia techniques used in these surgeries, with significant differences in effectiveness and safety. There was a need for individualized approach, taking into consideration the specific characteristics of each patient and procedure. Conclusion: It is concluded that the choice of anesthesia technique should be made carefully, considering factors such as type of surgery, patient's clinical condition, and anesthesiologist's experience. A multidisciplinary approach and the search for updated evidence are recommended to guide clinical practice.A anestesia desempenha um papel crucial na cirurgia de câncer de córnea e procedimentos de cirurgia geral, afetando diretamente a segurança e o conforto do paciente durante o procedimento. Portanto, é essencial investigar as técnicas anestésicas mais adequadas para esses tipos de cirurgias. Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar as técnicas de anestesia utilizadas em cirurgias de câncer de córnea e procedimentos de cirurgia geral, buscando identificar as mais eficazes e seguras para os pacientes. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura, abrangendo estudos selecionados entre 2002 a 2023 nas bases de dados SciELO, BVS e Web of Science. A pergunta norteadora, definida pelo acrônimo PICO, foi: "Quais são as técnicas de anestesia mais eficazes e seguras para cirurgias de câncer de córnea e procedimentos de cirurgia geral?" Resultados: Os resultados da revisão mostraram uma variedade de técnicas anestésicas utilizadas nessas cirurgias, com diferenças significativas em eficácia e segurança. Foi observada uma necessidade de abordagem individualizada, levando em consideração as características específicas de cada paciente e procedimento. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a escolha da técnica de anestesia deve ser feita de forma criteriosa, considerando fatores como tipo de cirurgia, condição clínica do paciente e experiência do anestesiologista. Recomenda-se uma abordagem multidisciplinar e a busca por evidências atualizadas para orientar a prática clínica

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

Updated cardiovascular prevention guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology: 2019

Sem informação113478788

Educomunicação e suas áreas de intervenção: Novos paradigmas para o diálogo intercultural

oai:omp.abpeducom.org.br:publicationFormat/1O material aqui divulgado representa, em essência, a contribuição do VII Encontro Brasileiro de Educomunicação ao V Global MIL Week, da UNESCO, ocorrido na ECA/USP, entre 3&nbsp;e 5 de novembro de 2016. Estamos diante de um conjunto de 104 papers executivos, com uma média de entre 7 e 10 páginas, cada um. Com este rico e abundante material, chegamos ao sétimo e-book publicado pela ABPEducom, em seus seis primeiros anos de existência. A especificidade desta obra é a de trazer as “Áreas de Intervenção” do campo da Educomunicação, colocando-as a serviço de uma meta essencial ao agir educomunicativo: o diálogo intercultural, trabalhado na linha do tema geral do evento internacional: Media and Information Literacy: New Paradigms for Intercultural Dialogue

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Lei de mediação comentada artigo por artigo: dedicado à memória da profª. Ada Pellegrini Grinover

- Divulgação dos SUMÁRIOS das obras recentemente incorporadas ao acervo da Biblioteca Ministro Oscar Saraiva do STJ. Em respeito à Lei de Direitos Autorais, não disponibilizamos a obra na íntegra.- Localização na estante: 347.925(81)(094) Coment. L525m- Coordenado por: Trícia Navarro Xavier Cabral e Cesar Felipe Cury