Effect of ohmic heating on functionality of sodium caseinate: a relationship with protein gelation

Sodium caseinate (NaCAS) is widely used in the food industry to provide nutritional and functional benefits. This work deals with the effects of applying moderate electric fields (MEF) of different intensity - ranging from 2V·cm1 to 17V·cm1 - on the physical and functional properties of NaCAS solutions during Ohmic heating (OH) at 95°C. Self-standing gels were produced regardless the heating technique applied (i.e. conventional or OH), and these gels were much more prone to physical rupture when compared with the ones produced from unheated NaCAS. Interestingly, OH treatment formed gels with lower values of strain at rupture and water holding capacity than unheated samples; this pattern was not observed for gels obtained through the conventional heating treatment (at 0V·cm1). These effects may be linked with disturbances of the distribution of random coil structures and enhanced solubility of NaCAS at its isoelectric point, reducing aggregation and impairing the development of a more compact protein network. Results show that OH presents potential to be used as volumetric heating tool for NaCAS solubilization and for the production of distinctive acidified systems.CNPq -Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000004)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Predictors of Mortality and Functional recovery after severe traumatic brain injury: protocol for a prospective cohort study

Introduction: traumatic brain injury is a global public health problem due to its severity and high rates of morbimortality worldwide. Identifying predictors associated with increased mortality and unfavorable functional outcomes after the traumatic brain injury event is crucial for minimizing morbidity and mortality rates. Therefore, this study aims to establish a protocol to investigate the predictors of mortality and functional recovery after severe traumatic brain injury in Brazil. Methods: The study will include all patients admitted for severe traumatic brain injury (Glasgow Coma Scale ≤ 8) at the State Hospital of Urgency and Emergency, which is the referral trauma hospital of Espirito Santo. The outcomes of interest are hospital mortality and functional recovery 24 months after hospital discharge. Subjects will be followed up at seventy-two hours, three months, six months, twelve months, and twenty-four months after the trauma. Morbidity will be determined by assessing: 1) the level of motor and cognitive disability, 2) functional impairment and quality of life, and 3) aspects of rehabilitation treatment. Additionally, the traumatic brain injury load, estimated by the years of life lost, will be calculated. Discussion: the results of this study will help identify variables that can predict morbidity and mortality, as well as diagnostic and therapeutic targets for patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Furthermore, the findings will have practical implications for: 1) the development of public policies, 2) investments in hospital infrastructure 3) understanding the socioeconomic impact of functional loss in the individuals. Study registration: the study received approval from the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Espirito Santo under protocol number 4.222.002 on August 18, 2020.Introdução: traumatismo cranioencefálico é um problema global de saúde pública devido à sua gravidade e altas taxas de morbimortalidade em todo o mundo. Identificar preditores associados ao aumento da mortalidade e desfechos funcionais desfavoráveis após o evento do traumatismo craniencefálico é primordial para minimizar as taxas de morbidade e mortalidade. Portanto, este estudo tem como objetivo estabelecer um protocolo para investigar os preditores de mortalidade e recuperação funcional após traumatismo cranioencefálico grave no Brasil. Métodos: este estudo tem como objetivo investigar os preditores de mortalidade e recuperação funcional em pacientes com traumatismo cranioencefálico, além de fornecer uma visão geral do traumatismo cranioencefálico no estado do Espírito Santo. O estudo abrangerá todos os pacientes internados por traumatismo cranioencefálico grave (Escala de Coma de Glasgow ≤ 8) no Hospital Estadual de Urgência e Emergência, o hospital de referência para traumas no Espírito Santo. Os desfechos de interesse incluem mortalidade hospitalar e recuperação funcional após 24 meses da alta hospitalar. Os participantes serão acompanhados em setenta e duas horas, três meses, seis meses, doze meses e vinte e quatro meses após o trauma. A morbidade será determinada pela avaliação de: 1) nível de incapacidade motora e cognitiva, 2) comprometimento funcional e qualidade de vida, e 3) aspectos do tratamento e reabilitação. Além disso, a carga de traumatismo cranioencefálico, estimada em anos de vida perdidos, será calculada. Discussão: os resultados deste estudo ajudarão a identificar variáveis que podem predizer a morbidade e a mortalidade após traumatismo cranioencefálico grave. Além disso, as descobertas terão implicações práticas para: 1) o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas, 2) investimentos em infraestrutura hospitalar e 3) compreensão do impacto socioeconômico da perda funcional nesses indivíduos. Registro do estudo: o estudo recebeu aprovação do Comitê de Ética da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo sob o número de protocolo 4.222.002 em 18 de agosto de 2020

DELIRIUM: PREVALÊNCIA E FATORES ASSOCIADOS AO PÓS-OPERATÓRIO DE CIRURGIA CARDIOVASCULAR EM IDOSOS

Objetivo: identificar a prevalência de delirium em idosos internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva que estejam em pós-operatório de cirurgia cardiovascular e verificar associação entre o delirium e as variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas. Método: estudo transversal, analítico, realizado em um centro cardiológico do Distrito Federal, Brasília, Brasil. Foram analisados idosos internados entre junho e outubro de 2018. A triagem para delirium foi realizada utilizando o Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit. Resultados: o sexo masculino teve incidência de 65% e a hipertensão arterial sistêmica (75%) foi a doença crônica mais relatada; 30% apresentaram Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio e maior tempo em circulação extracorpórea, além de terem permanecido mais tempo internados; e 30% dos delirantes evoluíram a óbito. Conclusão: a prevalência encontrada foi de 40% e estava associada ao mais idoso, ao sexo masculino, ao nível significativo de escolaridade, ao uso de tabaco, à apresentação de comorbidades prévias; estes, permaneceram mais tempo internados e morreram mais quando comparados ao outro grupo.Descritores: Delírio. Idoso. Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardiovasculares. Enfermagem Cardiovascular

Estresores en Unidad de Terapia Intensiva: versión brasileña del Environmental Stressor Questionnaire

Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar a adaptação cultural do The Environmental Stressor Questionnaire - (ESQ) para a língua portuguesa do Brasil e verificar sua confiabilidade e validade. Foram empregadas as etapas metodológicas recomendadas pela literatura para adaptação cultural. A versão brasileira do ESQ foi aplicada a 106 pacientes de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) de dois hospitais, público e privado, do interior do Estado de São Paulo. A confiabilidade foi avaliada quanto à consistência interna e estabilidade (teste e reteste); a validade convergente foi verificada por meio da correlação entre o ESQ e questão genérica sobre estresse em UTI. A confiabilidade foi satisfatória com Alfa de Crombach=0,94 e Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse=0,861 (IC95% 0,723; 0,933). Constatou-se correlação entre o escore total do ESQ e a questão genérica sobre estresse (r=0,70), confirmando a validade convergente. A versão brasileira do ESQ mostrou-se uma ferramenta confiável e válida para avaliação de estressores em UTI.Este estudio tuvo como objetivo realizar la adaptación cultural del Environmental Stressor Questionnaire (ESQ) a la lengua portuguesa de Brasil y verificar su confiabilidad y validez. Fueron empleadas las etapas metodológicas recomendadas por la bibliografía para la adaptación cultural. La versión brasileña del ESQ fue aplicada a 106 pacientes de Unidad de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) de dos hospitales, público y privado, del interior del estado de San Pablo, Brasil. La confiabilidad fue evaluada respecto de la consistencia interna y la estabilidad (test y retest); la validez convergente fue verificada a través de la correlación entre el ESQ y pregunta genérica acerca de estrés en UTI. La confiabilidad fue satisfactoria, con Alfa de Cronbach = 0,94 y Coeficiente de Relación Intraclase = 0,861 (IC 95%; 0,723; 0,933). Se constató correlación entre el puntaje total del ESQ y la pregunta genérica sobre estrés (r = 0,70), confirmado la validez convergente. La versión brasileña del ESQ se mostró como una herramienta confiable y válida para la evaluación de estresores en UTI.The objective of the present study was to perform the cultural adaptation of The Environmental Stressor Questionnaire - ESQ for the Brazilian Portuguese, as well as to verify its reliability and validity. In order to ensure the equivalence between the original instrument and the Brazilian version, all methodological steps recommended in the literature regarding cultural adaptation were followed. The Brazilian version of the ESQ was applied to 106 ICU patients in two hospitals (public and private) in the interior of São Paulo State. Reliability was evaluated in relation to internal consistency and stability (test e retest) and the convergent validity was determined by the correlation between ESQ and generic questions about ICU stress. Reliability was satisfactory with Cronbach's Alfa = 0,94 and stability (ICC=0,861; IC95% 0,723; 0,933). ESQ total score displayed strong correlation with the generic questions about stress (r=0,70;

Política Nacional de Economia Solidária – PNES: reflexões e análises a partir da experiência do Banco Palmas

A Economia Solidária - Ecosol constitui-se em um sistema de organização trabalhista que busca o estabelecimento de relações de trabalho e renda horizontalizadas, envolvendo valores como autogestão, autonomia, cooperativismo, desenvolvimento sustentável, entre outros. No Brasil, a Política Nacional de Economia Solidária - PNES rege o funcionamento da Ecosol. Nessa perspectiva, o texto faz uma retrospectiva histórica da experiência do Banco Palmas, em Fortaleza-CE e seu contexto de formação a partir dos eixos estruturantes da PNES. A metodologia adotada no desenvolvimento da pesquisa é investigativa e descritiva, baseada em revisão bibliográfica, documental e análise bibliométrica. Dentre os resultados, destacam-se, entre os aspectos exitosos do processo de fomento e fortalecimento do Banco Palmas, a capacidade criativa dos populares, de articulação comunitária, de observação e oitiva de uns para com os outros, e destes para com as instituições públicas e acadêmicas, as quais, de alguma maneira, contribuíram para a proposta de organização solidária e equânime

Protective Effect of Prolactin against Methylmercury-Induced Mutagenicity and Cytotoxicity on Human Lymphocytes

Mercury exhibits cytotoxic and mutagenic properties as a result of its effect on tubulin. This toxicity mechanism is related to the production of free radicals that can cause DNA damage. Methylmercury (MeHg) is one of the most toxic of the mercury compounds. It accumulates in the aquatic food chain, eventually reaching the human diet. Several studies have demonstrated that prolactin (PRL) may be differently affected by inorganic and organic mercury based on interference with various neurotransmitters involved in the regulation of PRL secretion. This study evaluated the cytoprotective effect of PRL on human lymphocytes exposed to MeHg in vitro, including observation of the kinetics of HL-60 cells (an acute myeloid leukemia lineage) treated with MeHg and PRL at different concentrations, with both treatments with the individual compounds and combined treatments. All treatments with MeHg produced a significant increase in the frequency of chromatid gaps, however, no significant difference was observed in the chromosomal breaks with any treatment. A dose-dependent increase in the mitotic index was observed for treatments with PRL, which also acts as a co-mitogenic factor, regulating proliferation by modulating the expression of genes that are essential for cell cycle progression and cytoskeleton organization. These properties contribute to the protective action of PRL against the cytotoxic and mutagenic effects of MeHg.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)IFPA Itaituba, Fed Inst Educ Sci & Technol Para, BR-68180000 Campinas, Para, BrazilFed Univ Para, Inst Biol Sci, BR-66075110 Belem, Para, BrazilIFPA, Educ Fed Inst Sci & Technol Para, BR-66645240 Belem, Para, BrazilUniv Para, Ctr Biol & Hlth Sci, BR-66050540 Belem, Para, BrazilFed Univ Western Para, UFOPA, BR-68040470 Santarem, Para, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Morphol & Genet, BR-04021001 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Morphol & Genet, BR-04021001 São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

COVID-19 in Piauí: initial scenario and perspectives for coping

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The nursing process returned to the hydrocephal carrier: case study in the north region

Family members are essential in the care and development of the life of a child with hydrocephalus, which requires attention, affec- tion, love, patience and special care as to hygiene, food, transporta- tion, medication, comfort and safety measures, cognitive develop- ment and social interaction, and all the basic care for the promotion and maintenance of the quality of life. However, this is a permanent condition, and the family will eventually adapt, thus offering the care the child requires. This research had the objective of evaluating, through basic human needs, the care provided by the family to a patient with Hydrocephalus, analyzing the socio-economic profile of the family, describing the difficulties encountered by the family in daily care of the patient with hydrocephalus and evaluating the affected human needs. We opted for a descriptive study with a qual- itative approach, case study type, with a carrier of congenital hydro- cephalus and the parents at home, relying on the basic human needs theory of Wanda de Aguiar Horta (1979). The survey was conducted in the city of Nova Brasilândia D’Oeste- RO, in January and Febru- ary of 2012. For the data collection used to prepare the case study, we devised a questionnaire consisting of 21 descriptive and objec- tive questions that was answered by the mother in the home envi- ronment, and a framework of basic human needs, which was ana- lyzed according to the care provided to the child. It was concluded that the care provided by the family is the basic care needed to meet all needs, such as nutrition, hydration, and intimate and personal hy- giene, clothing, transportation, administration of medications, aid and encouragement in the development of lifelong learning and so- cial interaction. The difficulties encountered were related to finan- cial resources to carry out the surgical procedures for the installation and reinstallation of the shunt valve, funds for medication and phys- ical therapy, the main difficulty reported by parents was the need of having a teacher focused on facilitating the learning process of the child, since the child presents great difficulties in learning develop- ment. Based on the conclusion, it has been suggested that the family be offered support from the NASF, Family Health Support Unit and the PSF, Family Health Program (PSF), to improve the quality of life of the family and, especially, of the child with hydrocephalus

Avaliação da assistência pré-natal realizada na atenção primária: estudo transversal aninhado a uma coorte gestativa

Objetivos: avaliar a adequação da assistência pré-natal na atenção primária, classificar o pré-natal com os parâmetros de adequabilidade e determinar os fatores associados à assistência pré-natal das gestantes estudadas. Método: estudo analítico transversal realizado com 205 gestantes em dez unidades básicas de saúde, em São Luís- MA. As variáveis qualitativas foram apresentadas por meio de frequências absolutas e percentuais. Resultados: Na variável idade, houve predomínio da faixa etária entre 21-30 anos (49,44%).  A variável raça/cor, a maior prevalência foi para as gestantes que se auto declararam pardas/outros 99 (55,62%), com prevalência menor  para 6 consultas realizadas. Na variável benefícios pagos pelo governo, a maior prevalência, 110  (61,80%) deu-se para gestantes que os recebiam. Em relação ao estado civil, (76,97%) eram gestantes que possuíam companheiro, com prevalência menor para 6 consultas realizadas, 137 (76,97%). Quanto à escolaridade, houve predomínio de gestantes com ensino médio (68,18%). Em relação ao início do pré-natal, (66,85%) iniciaram o pré- natal. À prescrição do ferro após início do pré-natal houve maior prevalência em gestantes que faziam uso 124 (69,66%). Maior prevalência também se apresentou para as gestantes que realizaram os seguintes exames: exame preventivo do câncer de colo uterino, 147 (82,58%), sistema ABO-RH 129 (72,47%), Hemograma completo 121 (68,75%), e glicemia em jejum no primeiro trimestre, 107 (60,11%). Quanto ao exame anti-HIV, a maior prevalência foi para as gestantes que não realizaram o exame 103 (57,87 %). Ao exame veneral disease research laboratory, a maior prevalência foi para as gestantes que o realizaram 120 (67,42%). Ao exame dos elementos anormais de sedimento, maior prevalência foi observada em gestantes que o realizaram 122 (68,54%). Quanto à vacinação de influenza nas gestantes, maior prevalência foi para as que não foram vacinadas 104 (58,43%). Para a vacina antitetânica prévia, a maior prevalência foi para as gestantes que não receberam o imunizante 108 (60.67%). Vacina contra hepatite B, apresentou maior prevalência para as gestantes que receberam o imunizante 95 (53,37%). Foi mais prevalente as gestantes que não apresentaram sintomas, com diagnóstico e sem diagnóstico negativo para covid-19, 117 (65,73%). Conclusão: O estudo permitiu analisar que a qualidade da assistência pré-natal nas unidades de saúde onde foram realizadas o estudo, foi insatisfatória para alguns indicadores, visto que a prevalência foi menor que 6 consultas realizadas.Objectives: to assess the adequacy of prenatal care in primary care, to classify prenatal care according to the parameters of adequacy and to determine the factors associated with prenatal care in the pregnant women studied. Method: an analytical cross-sectional study of 205 pregnant women in ten basic health units in São Luís, MA. The qualitative variables were presented using absolute and percentage frequencies. Results: In the age variable, there was a predominance of the 21-30 age group (49.44%).  In the race/color variable, the highest prevalence was for pregnant women who declared themselves brown/other 99 (55.62%), with a lower prevalence for 6 consultations performed. With regard to the government benefits variable, the highest prevalence, 110 (61.80%), was for pregnant women who received them. Regarding marital status, 76.97% were pregnant women who had a partner, with a lower prevalence for 6 consultations, 137 (76.97%). As for schooling, there was a predominance of pregnant women with a high school education (68.18%). With regard to the start of prenatal care, 66.85% started prenatal care. With regard to the prescription of iron after starting prenatal care, there was a higher prevalence of pregnant women who used it (69.66%). Prevalence was also higher among pregnant women who underwent the following tests: cervical cancer screening, 147 (82.58%), ABO-RH system 129 (72.47%), complete blood count 121 (68.75%), and fasting blood glucose in the first trimester, 107 (60.11%). As for the anti-HIV test, the highest prevalence was for pregnant women who had not undergone the test, 103 (57.87%). With regard to the venereal disease research laboratory, the highest prevalence was among pregnant women who had undergone the test, 120 (67.42%). The highest prevalence of abnormal sediment elements was observed in pregnant women who underwent the test, 122 (68.54%). As for influenza vaccination among pregnant women, the highest prevalence was among those who had not been vaccinated 104 (58.43%). The highest prevalence of previous tetanus vaccination was among pregnant women who had not received the vaccine, 108 (60.67%). Hepatitis B vaccination was more prevalent among pregnant women who had received the vaccine 95 (53.37%). Pregnant women with no symptoms, with a diagnosis and without a negative diagnosis for Covid-19 were more prevalent, 117 (65.73%). Conclusion: The study allowed us to analyze that the quality of prenatal care in the health units where the study was carried out was unsatisfactory for some indicators, since the prevalence was less than 6 consultations

Disarming Pseudomonas aeruginosa Virulence by the Inhibitory Action of 1,10-Phenanthroline-5,6-Dione- Based Compounds: Elastase B (LasB) as a Chemotherapeutic Target

negative pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and this enzyme orchestrates several physiopathological events during bacteria-host interplays. LasB is considered to be a potential target for the development of an innovative chemotherapeutic approach, especially against multidrug-resistant strains. Recently, our group showed that 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione (phendione), [Ag(phendione)2]ClO4 (Ag-phendione) and [Cu(phendione)3](ClO4)2.4H2O (Cu-phendione) had anti-P. aeruginosa action against both planktonic- and biofilm-growing cells. In the present work, we have evaluated the effects of these compounds on the (i) interaction with the lasB active site using in silico approaches, (ii) lasB proteolytic activity by using a specific fluorogenic peptide substrate, (iii) lasB gene expression by real time-polymerase chain reaction, (iv) lasB protein secretion by immunoblotting, (v) ability to block the damages induced by lasB on a monolayer of lung epithelial cells, and (vi) survivability of Galleria mellonella larvae after being challenged with purified lasB and lasB-rich bacterial secretions. Molecular docking analyses revealed that phendione and its Ag+ and Cu2+ complexes were able to interact with the amino acids forming the active site of lasB, particularly Cu-phendione which exhibited the most favorable interaction energy parameters. Additionally, the test compounds were effective inhibitors of lasB activity, blocking the in vitro cleavage of the peptide substrate, aminobenzyl-Ala-Gly-Leu-Ala-p-nitrobenzylamide, with Cu- phendione having the best inhibitory action (Ki = 90 nM). Treating living bacteria with a sub-inhibitory concentration (1/2 × MIC value) of the test compounds caused a significant reduction in the expression of the lasB gene as well as its mature protein production/secretion. Further, Ag-phendione and Cu-phendione offered protective rg 1 August 2019 | Volume 10 | Article 1701 1,10-Phenanthroline-5,6-Dione-Based Compounds: As Anti-Virulence Drugs action for lung epithelial cells, reducing the A549 monolayer damage by approximately 32 and 42%, respectively. Interestingly, Cu-phendione mitigated the toxic effect of both purified lasB molecules and lasB-containing bacterial secretions in the in vivo model, increasing the survival time of G. mellonella larvae. Collectively, these data reinforce the concept of lasB being a veritable therapeutic target and phendione-based compounds (mainly Cu-phendione) being prospective anti-virulence drugs against P. aeruginosa