a qualitative approach

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Impact of composition and morphology on the optical properties of Si-NC/P3HT thin films processed from solution

Blends of Si nanocrystals (Si-NCs) and organic semiconductors are promising materials for new optical and electronic devices processed from solutions. Here, we study how the optical properties of composite films containing Si-NCs and the organic semiconductor poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) are influenced by the composition and morphology resulting from different solution-processing parameters and different solvents used dichlorobenzene vs. chloroform). The optical spectra of the hybrid films are described using a simple phenomenological model, with which we can discern the contribution of each material in the films to the optical properties. From this analysis, we obtain quantitative information about the composition and morphology of the hybrid nanostructured films, which otherwise would be obtained from more demanding microscopy and spectroscopy techniques. For the case of the Si-NC/P3HT blend, we find that in films deposited from dichlorobenzene solutions the Si-NCs contribute sizably to light absorption.This work was funded by FCT/I3N via the HybridSolar project, by the DFG via Teilprojekt B2 and by the European Union and the Ministry of Innovation, Science and Research of the German State of North Rhine-Westphalia in the framework of an Objective 2 Programme (European Regional Development Fund, ERDF). Funding is also acknowledged from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) through the Projects Nos. PTDC/FIS/112885/2009 and PEst-C/CTM/LA0025/2011 and via the Strategic Project LA 25:2011-2012

TOXICITY OF TAGETES MINUTA ESSENTIAL OIL IN SILVER CATFISH (RHAMDIA QUELEN)

Objective: Evaluation of Tagetes minuta L. essential oil (EOTM) toxicity in the silver catfish Rhamdia quelen.Methods: The EOTM extracted by hydrodistillation was identified qualitatively based on retention indices and the mass spectrum of its components by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and quantified by GC with flame ionization detector. Fish were exposed to 0, 50, 100, 200 mg l-1 EOTM and ethanol (1.5 ml) (n = 10 each concentration) and mortality observed after 24, 48 and 96 h (h).Results: The EOTM presented as the main constituents: di-hidrotagetone (7.66 %), Z-tagetone (29.50%) and E-tagetone (40.37%). Silver catfish mortality was 10% after 96 h at 50 mg l-1, 70 and 80% after 24 and 96 h, respectively, at 100 mg l-1 and 80, 90 and 100% after 24, 48 and 96 h, respectively, at 200 mg l-1.Conclusion: The use of EOTM is not recommended in fish farming at the concentrations measured in this study due to its toxic action.Keywords: Medicinal plants, Fish farming, Toxic effect, Cloves marigoldÂ

a quantitative approach

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Success in publication by graduate students in psychiatry in Brazil: an empirical evaluation of the relative influence of English proficiency and advisor expertise

Abstract\ud \ud Background\ud This study evaluates the success of graduate students in psychiatry in an emerging country, in terms of the quantity and quality of their publication productivity (given by the number of papers and impact factors of the journals in which they publish). We investigated to what extent student proficiency in English and the scientific capabilities of academic advisors predict that success.\ud \ud \ud Methods\ud Our sample comprised 43 master’s and doctoral students in psychiatry (n = 28 and n = 15, respectively) at the University of São Paulo School of Medicine, in São Paulo, Brazil. We collected information about their knowledge of English and the ways in which they wrote their articles to be submitted to periodicals published in English. Multiple regression analyses were carried out in order to investigate the influence English proficiency, h-index of supervisors and use of language editing assistance had on the number and impact of student publications.\ud \ud \ud Results\ud Although 60% of students scored ≥80 (out of 100) on English tests given at admission to the graduate program, 93.09% of the sample used some form of external editing assistance to produce their papers in English. The variables “number of publications” and “impact factor of journals” were significantly related to each other (r = 0.550, p < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis revealed that the impact factor of periodicals where students published their articles as first authors correlated significantly not only with student proficiency in English at admission (p = 0.035), but also with the degree of language editing assistance (p = 0.050) and the h-index of the academic advisor (p = 0.050).\ud \ud \ud Conclusions\ud Albeit relevant, knowledge of English was not the key factor for the publication success of the graduate students evaluated. Other variables (h-index of the advisor and third-party language editing assistance) appear to be also important predictors of success in publication.Article with resources from PROEX/CAPE

Inovação tecnológica e as questões reflexivas do campo da biossegurança

The present paper places new thoughts on technology building processes originated from the dynamics of scientific knowledge production, involving market demands related to industrial interests, to the consumer and to social expectations face to technological innovation, which implies in new challenges to the scientific and academic community as well as new challenges to the production of thought, leading mainly to a perspective of complexity regarding multiple areas and fields of knowledge, particularly the discipline of Biosafety. Through this analytical dynamics, the essential concepts of Biosafety are discussed with regard to its relationship to Bioethics and technological innovation, while being set up by preventive actions and public health policies aimed at the quality of innovative technologic products .O artigo reflete sobre os processos construtores de novas tecnologias advindas da dinâmica da produção de novos conhecimentos científicos, que envolvem demandas de mercado, associadas aos interesses industriais, ao consumo e às expectativas sociais diante das inovações tecnológicas, o que impõe à comunidade científica e acadêmica, novos desafios na elaboração de saberes, principalmente, naqueles apoiados na perspectiva da complexidade com a concorrência de múltiplas áreas e campos de conhecimento, incluindo enfaticamente o da biossegurança. Através dessa dinâmica analítica discute-se a essencialidade da biossegurança e sua interface com as inovações tecnológicas e a bioética que se estabelecem pelas vertentes da política em beneficio das ações preventivas, voltadas para promoção da qualidade de processos tecnológicos inovadores direcionados para a saúde

Behavior of the training load, recovery and well-being in volleyball professional athletes in weeks with and without matches

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a carga interna de treinamento, o estado de recuperação e o bem-estar em atletas profissionais de Voleibol de acordo com a frequência semanal de jogos. A recuperação foi quantificada pela Escala de TQR, a carga pela PSE da sessão e o bem-estar pela escala de QBE. Para comparar os valores da Carga de Treinamento Semanal Total, o delta da Qualidade Total de Recuperação (ΔTQR) e o delta da Qualidade de bem-estar (ΔQBE) foi aplicado o teste ANOVA para medidas repetidas. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas ao comparar a carga de treinamento com a frequência de jogos semanais, porém o tamanho do efeito foi muito elevado quando se comparou a diferença entre um e dois jogos semanais, assim como de nenhum a dois jogos na semana. Houve diferença entre o ΔTQR entre as semanas sem jogos e com dois jogos assim como entre as semanas com um e dois jogos. Já o ΔQBE foi diferente para as semanas que não havia a realização de jogos e aquelas com jogos. Concluise que, mesmo que não haja uma variação das cargas com diferentes frequências semanais de jogos, a recuperação assim como o bem-estar dos atletas foi alterada.The aim of this study was to compare the internal training load, recovery state and the well-being of volleyball professional athletes, according to the number of matches during the week. The recovery was quantified with TQR Scale, the training load with sRPE and the well-being with QBE Scale. The ANOVA was applied for repeated measures in order to compare the values of Total weekly training load, the delta of Total Quality Recovery (ΔTQR) and the delta of the quality of well-being (ΔQBE),. There was no significant difference among the training load and the frequency of weekly games, but the effect size was very high when it was compared to the difference between one and two weekly games, as well as any and two games in a week. There were differences on the ΔTQR between weeks without games and with two games, as well as weeks with one and two matches. The ΔQBE was different for weeks in which there was no game and those with matches, regardless of the frequency. It was concluded that, even if there is no variation of loads in different weekly frequency of matches, the athletes' recovery and well-being change.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Behavior of the training load, recovery and well-being in volleyball professional athletes in weeks with and without matches

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a carga interna de treinamento, o estado de recuperação e o bem-estar em atletas profissionais de Voleibol de acordo com a frequência semanal de jogos. A recuperação foi quantificada pela Escala de TQR, a carga pela PSE da sessão e o bem-estar pela escala de QBE. Para comparar os valores da Carga de Treinamento Semanal Total, o delta da Qualidade Total de Recuperação (ΔTQR) e o delta da Qualidade de bem-estar (ΔQBE) foi aplicado o teste ANOVA para medidas repetidas. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas ao comparar a carga de treinamento com a frequência de jogos semanais, porém o tamanho do efeito foi muito elevado quando se comparou a diferença entre um e dois jogos semanais, assim como de nenhum a dois jogos na semana. Houve diferença entre o ΔTQR entre as semanas sem jogos e com dois jogos assim como entre as semanas com um e dois jogos. Já o ΔQBE foi diferente para as semanas que não havia a realização de jogos e aquelas com jogos. Concluise que, mesmo que não haja uma variação das cargas com diferentes frequências semanais de jogos, a recuperação assim como o bem-estar dos atletas foi alterada.The aim of this study was to compare the internal training load, recovery state and the well-being of volleyball professional athletes, according to the number of matches during the week. The recovery was quantified with TQR Scale, the training load with sRPE and the well-being with QBE Scale. The ANOVA was applied for repeated measures in order to compare the values of Total weekly training load, the delta of Total Quality Recovery (ΔTQR) and the delta of the quality of well-being (ΔQBE),. There was no significant difference among the training load and the frequency of weekly games, but the effect size was very high when it was compared to the difference between one and two weekly games, as well as any and two games in a week. There were differences on the ΔTQR between weeks without games and with two games, as well as weeks with one and two matches. The ΔQBE was different for weeks in which there was no game and those with matches, regardless of the frequency. It was concluded that, even if there is no variation of loads in different weekly frequency of matches, the athletes' recovery and well-being change.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Behavior of the training load, recovery and well-being in volleyball professional athletes in weeks with and without matches

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a carga interna de treinamento, o estado de recuperação e o bem-estar em atletas profissionais de Voleibol de acordo com a frequência semanal de jogos. A recuperação foi quantificada pela Escala de TQR, a carga pela PSE da sessão e o bem-estar pela escala de QBE. Para comparar os valores da Carga de Treinamento Semanal Total, o delta da Qualidade Total de Recuperação (ΔTQR) e o delta da Qualidade de bem-estar (ΔQBE) foi aplicado o teste ANOVA para medidas repetidas. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas ao comparar a carga de treinamento com a frequência de jogos semanais, porém o tamanho do efeito foi muito elevado quando se comparou a diferença entre um e dois jogos semanais, assim como de nenhum a dois jogos na semana. Houve diferença entre o ΔTQR entre as semanas sem jogos e com dois jogos assim como entre as semanas com um e dois jogos. Já o ΔQBE foi diferente para as semanas que não havia a realização de jogos e aquelas com jogos. Concluise que, mesmo que não haja uma variação das cargas com diferentes frequências semanais de jogos, a recuperação assim como o bem-estar dos atletas foi alterada.The aim of this study was to compare the internal training load, recovery state and the well-being of volleyball professional athletes, according to the number of matches during the week. The recovery was quantified with TQR Scale, the training load with sRPE and the well-being with QBE Scale. The ANOVA was applied for repeated measures in order to compare the values of Total weekly training load, the delta of Total Quality Recovery (ΔTQR) and the delta of the quality of well-being (ΔQBE),. There was no significant difference among the training load and the frequency of weekly games, but the effect size was very high when it was compared to the difference between one and two weekly games, as well as any and two games in a week. There were differences on the ΔTQR between weeks without games and with two games, as well as weeks with one and two matches. The ΔQBE was different for weeks in which there was no game and those with matches, regardless of the frequency. It was concluded that, even if there is no variation of loads in different weekly frequency of matches, the athletes' recovery and well-being change.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Anesthesia of Epinephelus marginatus with essential oil of Aloysia polystachya: an approach on blood parameters

This study investigated the anesthetic potential of the essential oil (EO) of Aloysia polystachya in juveniles of dusky grouper (Epinephelus marginatus). Fish were exposed to different concentrations of EO of A. polystachya to evaluate time of induction and recovery from anesthesia. In the second experiment, fish were divided into four groups: control, ethanol and 50 or 300 mu L L-1 EO of A. polystachya, and each group was submitted to induction for 3.5 min and recovery for 5 or 10 min. The blood gases and glucose levels showed alterations as a function of the recovery times, but Na+ and K+ levels did not show any alteration. In conclusion, the EO from leaves of A. polystachya is an effective anesthetic for dusky grouper, because anesthesia was reached within the recommended time at EO concentrations of 300 and 400 mu L L-1. However, most evaluated blood parameters showed compensatory responses due to EO exposure.Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul/Programa de Apoio a Nucleos de Excelencia (FAPERGS/PRONEX) [10/0016-8]; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [470964/2009-0]; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior, Brazil (CAPES)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio