Sensitivity study of surface wind flow of a limited area model simulating the extratropical storm Delta affecting the Canary Islands

In November 2005 an extratropical storm named Delta affected the Canary Islands (Spain). The high sustained wind and intense gusts experienced caused significant damage. A numerical sensitivity study of Delta was conducted using the Weather Research & Forecasting Model (WRF-ARW). A total of 27 simulations were performed. Non-hydrostatic and hydrostatic experiments were designed taking into account physical parameterizations and geometrical factors (size and position of the outer domain, definition or not of nested grids, horizontal resolution and number of vertical levels). The Factor Separation Method was applied in order to identify the major model sensitivity parameters under this unusual meteorological situation. Results associated to percentage changes relatives to a control run simulation demonstrated that boundary layer and surface layer schemes, horizontal resolutions, hydrostaticity option and nesting grid activation were the model configuration parameters with the greatest impact on the 48 h maximum 10 m horizontal wind speed solution

High resolution modelling results of the wind flow over Canary Islands during the meteorological situation of the extratropical storm Delta (28–30 November 2005)

On 28–29 November 2005 an extratropical storm affected the Canary Islands causing significant damage related to high average wind speeds and intense gusts over some islands of the archipelago. Delta was the twenty-sixth tropical or subtropical storm of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season. It represents an unusual meteorological phenomenon for that region, and its impacts were underestimated by the different operational meteorological forecasts during the previous days of the arrival of the low near Canary Islands. The aim of this study is to reproduce the local effects of the flow that were observed over the Canary Islands during the travel of the Delta storm near the region using high-resolution mesoscale meteorological simulations. The Advanced Research Weather Research & Forecasting Model (WRF-ARW) is applied at 9, 3 and 1 km horizontal resolution using ECMWF forecasts as initial and boundary conditions. The high-resolution simulation will outline the main features that contributed to the high wind speeds observed in the archipelago. Variations in vertical static stability, vertical windshear and the intense synoptic winds of the southwestern part of Delta with a warm core at 850 hPa were the main characteristics that contributed to the development and amplification of intense gravity waves while the large-scale flow interacted with the complex topography of the islands.High resolution modelling results of the wind flow over Canary Islands during the meteorological situation of the extratropical storm Delta (28–30 November 2005) This work was funded by the projects CALIOPE 441/2006/3-12.1 of the Spanish Ministry of the Environment, CICYT CGL2006-08903 and CICYT CGL2006-11879 of the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science

Sensitivity study with a Limited Area Model: extratropical storm Delta over the Canary Islands

Póster presentado en: 7th EMS Annual Meeting celebrado del 1 al 5 de octubre de 2007 en El Escorial, Madrid

Extreme wind event over the Canary Islands related to the extratropical storm Delta: sensitivity study with a limited area model

Póster presentado en: XXIV IUGG General Assembly celebrada en del 2 al 13 de Julio de 2007 en Perugia, Italia

High resolution modelling results of the wind flow over Canary Islands during the meteorological situation of the extratropical storm Delta (28–30 November 2005)

On 28–29 November 2005 an extratropical storm affected the Canary Islands causing significant damage related to high average wind speeds and intense gusts over some islands of the archipelago. Delta was the twenty-sixth tropical or subtropical storm of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season. It represents an unusual meteorological phenomenon for that region, and its impacts were underestimated by the different operational meteorological forecasts during the previous days of the arrival of the low near Canary Islands. The aim of this study is to reproduce the local effects of the flow that were observed over the Canary Islands during the travel of the Delta storm near the region using high-resolution mesoscale meteorological simulations. The Advanced Research Weather Research & Forecasting Model (WRF-ARW) is applied at 9, 3 and 1 km horizontal resolution using ECMWF forecasts as initial and boundary conditions. The high-resolution simulation will outline the main features that contributed to the high wind speeds observed in the archipelago. Variations in vertical static stability, vertical windshear and the intense synoptic winds of the southwestern part of Delta with a warm core at 850 hPa were the main characteristics that contributed to the development and amplification of intense gravity waves while the large-scale flow interacted with the complex topography of the islands

Modification of the Physical Properties of a Nafion Film Due to Inclusion of n-Dodecyltriethylammonium Cation: Time Effect.

This study investigates the effects of modifying commercial Nafion-212 thin films with dodecyltriethylammonium cation (DTA+) on their electrical resistance, elastic modulus, light transmission/reflection and photoluminescence properties. The films were modified through a proton/cation exchange process for immersion periods ranging from 1 to 40 h. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were employed to analyze the crystal structure and surface composition of the modified films. The electrical resistance and the different resistive contributions were determined via impedance spectroscopy. Changes in the elastic modulus were evaluated using stress–strain curves. Additionally, optical characterization tests, including light/reflection (250–2000 nm) and photoluminescence spectra, were also performed on both unmodified and DTA+-modified Nafion films. The results reveal significant changes in the electrical, mechanical and optical properties of the films, depending on the exchange process time. In particular, the inclusion of the DTA+ into the Nafion structure improved the elastic behavior of the films by significantly decreasing the Young modulus. Furthermore, the photoluminescence of the Nafion films was also enhanced. These findings can be used to optimize the exchange process time to achieve specific desired properties.Partial funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málag

Impacts of desert dust outbreaks on air quality in urban areas

Air pollution has many adverse effects on health and is associated with an increased risk of mortality. Desert dust outbreaks contribute directly to air pollution by increasing particulate matter concentrations. We investigated the influence of desert dust outbreaks on air quality in Santa Cruz de Tenerife, a city located in the dust export pathway off the west coast of North Africa, using air-quality observations from a six-year period (2012–2017). During winter intense dust outbreaks PM10 mean (24-h) concentrations increased from 14 µg m−3 to 98 µg m−3 , on average, and PM2.5 mean (24-h) concentrations increased from 6 µg m−3 to 32 µg m−3 . Increases were less during summer outbreaks, with a tripling of PM10 and PM2.5 daily mean concentrations. We found that desert dust outbreaks reduced the height of the marine boundary layer in our study area by >45%, on average, in summer and by ∼25%, on average, in winter. This thinning of the marine boundary layer was associated with an increase of local anthropogenic pollution during dust outbreaks. NO2 and NO mean concentrations more than doubled and even larger relative increases in black carbon were observed during the more intense summer dust outbreaks; increases also occurred during the winter outbreaks but were less than in summer. This has public health implications; local anthropogenic emissions need to be reduced even further in areas that are impacted by desert dust outbreaks to reduce adverse health effects.This activity has been undertaken in the framework of the World Meteorological Organisation Global Atmosphere Watch Urban Research Meteorology and Environment (GURME) project

Estudio sobre conductas violentas en parejas de jóvenes universitarios

Este trabajo describe los resultados obtenidos en un estudio sobre “Conductas Violentas en Parejas de Jóvenes Universitarios”. Según algunos autores las escasas investigaciones que han analizado la violencia durante el noviazgo indican no sólo una frecuencia relativamente elevada de agresiones, sino también su persistencia a lo largo de toda la relación. La violencia que comienza antes de iniciarse la convivencia tiende a continuar y agravarse posteriormente. El trabajo se basa en la creencia de que las relaciones violentas se gestan desde sus comienzos, y que la prevención debe iniciarse lo antes posible. El estudio se ha dirigido a un total de 364 alumnos y alumnas de los primeros cursos de carrera de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de Cádiz. El cuestionario utilizado valora por un lado, actitudes de pareja ante diversas situaciones que pueden darse en el transcurso de una relación, y por otro conductas que reflejan actitudes que se pueden tener ante una situación de conflicto o tensión.Eje: Educación universitaria: Experiencias educativasRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

De la iglesia a la plantación: tras la huella de los betlemitas en La Habana (1704-1842)

The order of Our Lady of Belen held an important economic and social position during the colonial period in Havana, this possibility allowed the order to establish links and alliances with many different social sectors and elite groups. Complex relations between the religious order and the social and economic reality were created by these commitments, which involved the order in the management of sugar refineries, ranches and the slave trade with the purpose of carrying out its benefit commitment.<br><br>La orden de Nuestra Señora de Belén ocupó una importante posición económica y social durante el período colonial en La Habana, esta posibilidad le permitió establecer redes y alianzas con diversos sectores sociales y grupos de élite. Estos compromisos crearon complejas relaciones entre la orden religiosa y la realidad socio-económica de su tiempo, involucrándola en la administración de ingenios azucareros, haciendas ganaderas y el contrabando de esclavos para cumplir con sus compromisos benéficos

Estudio sobre conductas violentas en parejas de jóvenes universitarios

Este trabajo describe los resultados obtenidos en un estudio sobre “Conductas Violentas en Parejas de Jóvenes Universitarios”. Según algunos autores las escasas investigaciones que han analizado la violencia durante el noviazgo indican no sólo una frecuencia relativamente elevada de agresiones, sino también su persistencia a lo largo de toda la relación. La violencia que comienza antes de iniciarse la convivencia tiende a continuar y agravarse posteriormente. El trabajo se basa en la creencia de que las relaciones violentas se gestan desde sus comienzos, y que la prevención debe iniciarse lo antes posible. El estudio se ha dirigido a un total de 364 alumnos y alumnas de los primeros cursos de carrera de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de Cádiz. El cuestionario utilizado valora por un lado, actitudes de pareja ante diversas situaciones que pueden darse en el transcurso de una relación, y por otro conductas que reflejan actitudes que se pueden tener ante una situación de conflicto o tensión.Eje: Educación universitaria: Experiencias educativasRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI