Improved determination of the 1(0)-0(0) rotational frequency of NH3D+ from the high resolution spectrum of the v4 infrared band

The high resolution spectrum of the v4 band of NH3D+ has been measured by difference frequency IR laser spectroscopy in a multipass hollow cathode discharge cell. From the set of molecular constants obtained from the analysis of the spectrum, a value of 262817(6) MHz (3sigma) has been derived for the frequency of the 1(0)-0(0) rotational transition. This value supports the assignment to NH3D+ of lines at 262816.7 MHz recorded in radio astronomy observations in Orion-IRc2 and the cold prestellar core B1-bS.Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters 04 June 201

On the Number of Real Zeros of Random Sparse Polynomial Systems

Consider a random system $\mathfrak{f}_1(x)=0,\ldots,\mathfrak{f}_n(x)=0$ of $n$ random real polynomials in $n$ variables, where each $\mathfrak{f}_k$ has a prescribed set of exponent vectors in a set $A_k\subseteq \mathbb{Z}^n$ of size $t_k$. Assuming that the coefficients of the $\mathfrak{f}_k$ are independent Gaussian of any variance, we prove that the expected number of zeros of the random system in the positive orthant is bounded from above by $4^{-n} \prod_{k=1}^n t_k(t_k-1)$. This result is a probabilisitc version of Kushnirenko's conjecture; it provides a bound that only depends on the number of terms and is independent of their degree.Comment: 26 pages. Different original titl

The El Guijo Pluton: petrology, geochemistry, age and relation to others rocks of Los Pedroches batholith

[Resumen] El plutón de El Guijo es uno de los plutones ácidos circunscritos, intrusivos en las granodioritas que constituyen los tercios central y occidental del batolito de Los Pedroches. Con forma subelíptica, presenta una zonación centrípeta que va desde facies marginales graníticas biotíticas (localmente con microadamellitas porfídicas), marcadamente porfídicas, hasta facies centrales de leucogranitos cordieríticos (± moscovita). Geoquímicamente, las rocas de este plutón definen una asociación peraluminosa, con evolución netamente calcoalcalina. Se presentan los resultados de una datación (Rb-SR, roca total) que definen una isocrona de 300 ± 6 Ma, con (87 Sr/86 Sr) o de 0.704. Finalmente, se discuten sus relaciones y significado en el contexto general del batolito de Los Pedroches.[Abstract] The El Guijo pluton belongs to a group of centred, acidic plutons which intrude the ranodiorites making the most part of the Pedroches Batholith central and western thirds. It has a sub-elliptical shape and shows a centripetal zonation which ranges between marginal, biotite-bearing porphyritic granitic facÍes (locally intruding porphyritic micro-adamellites) and central cordierite -bearing leucogranites (± muscovite). They collectively define a peraluminous association with a neat calcalkaline evolution. The results of a Rb-Sr whole-rock study are presented. These define a 300 ±6 Ma age isochron with (87 Sr/86 Sr) o = 0.704. Finally, its relationships with, and its significance in the context of the overall Pedroches Batholith are discused

A separated representation involving multiple time scales within the Proper Generalized Decomposition framework

Solutions of partial differential equations can exhibit multiple time scales. Standard discretization techniques are constrained to capture the finest scale to accurately predict the response of the system. In this paper, we provide an alternative route to circumvent prohibitive meshes arising from the necessity of capturing fine-scale behaviors. The proposed methodology is based on a time-separated representation within the standard Proper Generalized Decomposition, where the time coordinate is transformed into a multi-dimensional time through new separated coordinates, each representing one scale, while continuity is ensured in the scale coupling. For instance, when considering two different time scales, the governing Partial Differential Equation is commuted into a nonlinear system that iterates between the so-called microtime and macrotime, so that the time coordinate can be viewed as a 2D time. The macroscale effects are taken into account by means of a finite element-based macro-discretization, whereas the microscale effects are handled with unidimensional parent spaces that are replicated throughout the time domain. The resulting separated representation allows us a very fine time discretization without impacting the computational efficiency. The proposed formulation is explored and numerically verified on thermal and elastodynamic problems. © 2021, The Author(s)

Supporting autonomy in physical education: Perception versus reality.

Esta investigación se centró, por una parte en la percepción de apoyo a la autonomía en las clases de Educación física, que tienen tanto el alumnado como el profesorado, y por otra, en la coherencia entre percepción y la realidad observada en las clases. Se aplicaron dos escalas al profesorado y al alumnado con el objeto de conocer con qué frecuencia se producen comportamientos instructivos favorables al desarrollo de la autonomía, y se observaron y grabaron en video clases impartidas por el profesorado. Los resultados muestran que la frecuencia de los comportamientos instructivos de apoyo a la autonomía durante la intervención de enseñanza es significativamente menor que la percibida por el alumnado y el profesorado. La realidad observada muestra un perfil de profesorado con gran margen de mejora en comportamientos como: calidad de la comunicación, funcionalidad de las tareas, fomento del pensamiento del alumnado, situaciones en las que el alumnado pueda expresar su opinión sobre las tareas y motivación intrínsecaThis investigation, on the one hand it focuses on students´ and teachers´ perception about autonomy support during Physical Education instruction, and on the other hand, in the coherence between perception and reality observed in the classes. Two scales were administered to determine the frequency of instructional behaviors favoring the development of autonomy, and teacher´s classes were observed and videotaped. The results show that the observed frequency of instructional behavior favoring autonomy support during classes is significantly lower than that perceived by students and teachers. The observed reality reveals a teacher profile with room for improvement in behaviors such as: communication quality, task functionality, promotion of students’ thinking, creation of situations in which students can express their opinions of the tasks, and increasing intrinsic motivationEl presente artículo forma parte del estudio realizado con la financiación del proyecto SEJ2007-672687/EDU del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovació

Detection of the Ammonium Ion in Space

We report on the detection of a narrow feature at 262816.73 MHz towards Orion and the cold prestellar core B1-bS, that we attribute to the 1(0)-0(0) line of the deuterated Ammonium ion, NH3D+. The observations were performed with the IRAM 30m radio telescope. The carrier has to be a light molecular species as it is the only feature detected over 3.6 GHz of bandwidth. The hyperfine structure is not resolved indicating a very low value for the electric quadrupolar coupling constant of Nitrogen which is expected for NH3D+ as the electric field over the N nucleus is practically zero. Moreover, the feature is right at the predicted frequency for the 1(0)-0(0) transition of the Ammonium ion, 262817(6) MHz (3sigma), using rotational constants derived from new infrared data obtained in our laboratory in Madrid. The estimated column density is 1.1(0.2)e12 cm-2. Assuming a deuterium enhancement similar to that of NH2D, we derive N(NH4+) sim 2.6e13 cm-2, i.e., an abundance for Ammonium of a few 1e(-11).Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters 04 June 201

Fast computation of multi-parametric electromagnetic fields in synchronous machines by using pgd-based fully separated representations

A novel Model Order Reduction (MOR) technique is developed to compute high-dimensional parametric solutions for electromagnetic fields in synchronous machines. Specifically, the intrusive version of the Proper Generalized Decomposition (PGD) is employed to simulate a Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM). The result is a virtual chart allowing real-time evaluation of the magnetic vector potential as a function of the operation point of the motor, or even as a function of constructive parameters, such as the remanent flux in permanent magnets. Currently, these solutions are highly demanded by the industry, especially with the recent developments in the Electric Vehicle (EV). In this framework, standard discretization techniques require highly time-consuming simulations when analyzing, for instance, the noise and vibration in electric motors. The proposed approach is able to construct a virtual chart within a few minutes of off-line simulation, thanks to the use of a fully separated representation in which the solution is written from a series of functions of the space and parameters coordinates, with full space separation made possible by the use of an adapted geometrical mapping. Finally, excellent performances are reported when comparing the reduced-order model with the more standard and computationally costly Finite Element solutions. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

Magnetic resonance imaging in the prenatal diagnosis of neural tube defects

OBJECTIVE: To assess the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the prenatal diagnosis of neural tube defects (NTDs). BACKGROUND: NTDs comprise a heterogeneous group of congenital anomalies that derive from the failure of the neural tube to close. Advances in ultrasonography and MRI have considerably improved the diagnosis and treatment of NTDs both before and after birth. Ultrasonography is the first technique in the morphological study of the fetus, and it often makes it possible to detect or suspect NTDs. Fetal MRI is a complementary technique that makes it possible to clear up uncertain ultrasonographic findings and to detect associated anomalies that might go undetected at ultrasonography. The progressive incorporation of intrauterine treatments makes an accurate diagnosis of NTDs essential to ensure optimal perinatal management. The ability of fetal MRI to detect complex anomalies that affect different organs has been widely reported, and it can be undertaken whenever NTDs are suspected. CONCLUSION: We describe the normal appearance of fetal neural tube on MRI, and we discuss the most common anomalies involving the structures and the role of fetal MRI in their assessment. KEY POINTS: • To learn about the normal anatomy of the neural tube on MRI • To recognise the MR appearance of neural tube defects • To understand the value of MRI in assessing NTD

Familiarity and liking of vegetables: Is it important for vegetable consumption?

The results presented in this paper are part of the early findings from a large European study, VeggiEAT involving the UK, Denmark, France and Italy with the aim of improving vegetable consumption in young people and older people. The results presented here are from UK young people (aged 12–14) focusing on familiarity and liking of vegetables and looking at their vegetable consumption and awareness of what constitutes a healthy diet. The study adds to the literature on vegetable familiarity, liking and consumption in this age group. Early exposure of young children to a variety of vegetables is very important and parents/carers and school nurses need to understand the importance of this in terms of the foods offered and available early within a child`s life and the potential influence of this on vegetable consumption over their lifetime