Designing a Liberal Arts Curriculum that Develops the Capacity for Effective Practice

A new agenda has been coalescing for residential liberal arts education in the United States. At its core are various forms of experiential learning that had long been relegated to the margins of institutions in which pure intellectual achievement was largely separated from, and prized above, practical application of knowledge. Recent years have brought growing student interest in opportunities to engage in experiential learning, including community service, internships, student-faculty research partnerships, study abroad, or co-operative education. All types of colleges and universities have been investing in these programs and in curricular modifications intended to begin integrating them into a coherent educational program. With support from several major associations, foundations, and research collaborations, this twenty-first century reframing of the aims of education has included a persistent call for better evaluative data to gauge the extent to which college students are actually meeting learning goals that faculty are being encouraged to specify more fully

In Their Own Words: Assessment of Satisfaction with Residential Location among Migrants in Nairobi Slums

Using qualitative data collected from a sample of rural-urban migrants over the age of 15 in two Nairobi slums interviewed in 2008, this paper discusses the migrants’ extent of satisfaction with their residential location and decision to migrate. The study sheds light on why people continue to migrate to, and stay in, the rapidly growing slum settlements despite the high levels of poverty and poor health conditions in these areas. Tenure status is related to satisfaction for all ages. Environmental factors were frequently mentioned as a source of dissatisfaction. Life cycle and ‘age-cohort effects’ may also affect satisfaction for different age groups in terms of who is satisfied as well as the issues that are considered for satisfaction. High levels of dissatisfaction with slum life may be responsible for high out-migration in slum areas, although it does not mean that those who remain do so because they are satisfied. At the same time, challenges associated with slum life do not automatically signify dissatisfaction. Perceived success, as well as conditions in the area of origin can be used to explain and understand satisfaction/dissatisfaction with slum life. Satisfaction with migration and residential location may be related not only to the destination place, but also to events in the area of origin

A comparative study of qualitative and quantitative dynamic models of biological regulatory networks

Backgroun

Performance of the CMS High Granularity Calorimeter prototype to charged pion beams of 20−-300 GeV/c

The upgrade of the CMS experiment for the high luminosity operation of the LHC comprises the replacement of the current endcap calorimeter by a high granularity sampling calorimeter (HGCAL). The electromagnetic section of the HGCAL is based on silicon sensors interspersed between lead and copper (or copper tungsten) absorbers. The hadronic section uses layers of stainless steel as an absorbing medium and silicon sensors as an active medium in the regions of high radiation exposure, and scintillator tiles directly readout by silicon photomultipliers in the remaining regions. As part of the development of the detector and its readout electronic components, a section of a silicon-based HGCAL prototype detector along with a section of the CALICE AHCAL prototype was exposed to muons, electrons and charged pions in beam test experiments at the H2 beamline at the CERN SPS in October 2018. The AHCAL uses the same technology as foreseen for the HGCAL but with much finer longitudinal segmentation. The performance of the calorimeters in terms of energy response and resolution, longitudinal and transverse shower profiles is studied using negatively charged pions, and is compared to GEANT4 predictions. This is the first report summarizing results of hadronic showers measured by the HGCAL prototype using beam test data.Comment: To be submitted to JINS

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

Background Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide.Methods A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study-a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital.Findings Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.85 [95% CI 2.58-5.75]; p<0.0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63.0% vs 82.7%; OR 0.35 [0.23-0.53]; p<0.0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer.Interpretation Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised

Onset of dune construction based on archaeological evidence, White Sands, New Mexico

The White Sands dune field is the largest gypsum dune system in the world, derived from deflation of paleo-Lake Otero deposits. Understanding the timing of initial dune construction, and therefore lake deflation, is critical for understanding regional landscape evolution, including the history of lake desiccation. The onset of dune construction is currently estimated at ~8000 to 6500 cal yr BP, but numerical age control is limited. Archaeological evidence reported here indicates two older phases of gypsum dune construction. An archaeological site draped over a parabolic dune south of the main dune body contains artifacts dating to >12,200 cal yr BP, providing an upper age limit for the landform. Another site buried within a remnant of the main dune field yielded six statistically identical radiocarbon dates averaging ~8770 cal yr BP. The initial phase of terminal Pleistocene deflation and parabolic dune construction was perhaps localized but correlates with a period of regional aridity. Barchans and crescentic ridges comprising the main dune body developed in the Early Holocene in response to elevated salinity in local ground water and extensive exposures of gypsum available for deflation, likely due to aridity. © 2023 University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press.Open access articleThis item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

Trauma, patient management in Belize. Initial treatment

Se realizó un estudio para caracterizar a los pacientes con trauma y tratamiento inicial por Belice Emergency Responsive team (BERT), ingresados en el Karl Heusner Memorial Hospital (KHMH) en el periodo septiembre–diciembre de 2012. Se trabajó con un universo y una muestra de 142 pacientes que llegaron al departamento de emergencia transportados por Belice Emergency Responsive Team. Se estudiaron las siguientes variables: grupo etario, sexo, lugar de la lesión y su intensidad, mecanismo de lesión y tratamiento inicial de estabilización. La muestra se obtuvo por recolección de información y registro de una planilla elaborada. Llegando a las siguientes conclusiones el grupo etario más relevante fue 20–30 anos de edad, siendo el sexo masculino el de mayor recurrencia, los traumas de cráneo los más afectados y por la intensidad, el moderado, la violencia fue la más incidente en estos casosA study was performed to characterize patients with trauma and initial treatment for Responsive Belize Emergency Team (BERT), admitted to the Karl Heusner Memorial Hospital (KHMH) in the period from September to December2012. Auniverse and a sample were presented 142 Patients who came to the emergency department carried by Belize Emergency Responsive Team. Age group, sex, place of injury and intensity, mechanism of injury and initial treatment stabilization: The following variables were studied: The sample was obtained by data collection and registration of an elaborate form. Reached to the following conclusions, the relevant age group was 20-30 years old, males being the most often mentioned, trauma skull and the most affected by the intensity, moderate violence was the incident in these cases.

Manejo del paciente politraumatizado en Belice. Tratamiento inicial

A study was performed to characterize patients with trauma and initial treatment for Responsive Belize Emergency Team (BERT), admitted to the Karl Heusner Memorial Hospital (KHMH) in the period from September to December2012. Auniverse and a sample were presented 142 Patients who came to the emergency department carried by Belize Emergency Responsive Team. Age group, sex, place of injury and intensity, mechanism of injury and initial treatment stabilization: The following variables were studied: The sample was obtained by data collection and registration of an elaborate form. Reached to the following conclusions, the relevant age group was 20-30 years old, males being the most often mentioned, trauma skull and the most affected by the intensity, moderate violence was the incident in these cases. Se realizó un estudio para caracterizar a los pacientes con trauma y tratamiento inicial por Belice Emergency Responsive team (BERT), ingresados en el Karl Heusner Memorial Hospital (KHMH) en el periodo septiembre–diciembre de 2012. Se trabajó con un universo y una muestra de 142 pacientes que llegaron al departamento de emergencia transportados por Belice Emergency Responsive Team. Se estudiaron las siguientes variables: grupo etario, sexo, lugar de la lesión y su intensidad, mecanismo de lesión y tratamiento inicial de estabilización. La muestra se obtuvo por recolección de información y registro de una planilla elaborada. Llegando a las siguientes conclusiones el grupo etario más relevante fue 20–30 anos de edad, siendo el sexo masculino el de mayor recurrencia, los traumas de cráneo los más afectados y por la intensidad, el moderado, la violencia fue la más incidente en estos caso