Проблемні питання принципів кримінального права

На основі загальнотеоретичних положень висвітлюються питання розмежування понять «кримінальне законодавство» і «кримінальне право», визначаються підходи щодо формування принципів правової системи України та системи галузевих принципів кримінального законодавства і права, формулюється визначення їх понять.На основании общетеоретических положений освещаются вопросы разграничения понятий «уголовное законодательство» и «уголовное право», определяются подходы относительно формирования принципов правовой системы Украины и системы отраслевых принципов уголовного законодательства и права, формулируются определения их понятий.On the basis of general theoretical statements the author addresses the issue of distinguishing criminal legislation from criminal law, finds approaches to defining principles of the law system of Ukraine and the system of branch principles of criminal legislation, formulates the definitions

SEMIOTIK GEREJA GMIM JEMAAT PNIEL BAHU MANADO

Gereja merupakan bangunan tempat ibadah bagi orang yang beragama kristen. Secara umum bentuk-bentuk arsitektur geraja yang ada banyak kemiripan, baik secara bentuk tampak fasade, ruang serta simbol-simbol yang digunakan pada bangunan arsitektur gereja. Gereja GMIM “Pniel” yang berarti wajah Allah merupakan hasil pemekaran jemaat gereja GMIM Imanuel Bahu.Seiring dengan perkembangan waktu sehingga menjadikan bangunan gereja mengalami perubahan secara arsitektural. Salah satu perubahan yang terjadi yaitu perubahan Semiotik. Perlambangan, tanda atau biasa disebut dengan semiotik merupakan suatu penerapan pada arsitektur, dimana ada anggapan arsitektur merupakan suatu bahasa yang memiliki tanda.Kata kunci: gereja, arsitektur, semioti

Моделювання квазіідеальних полів для тонких просторово викривлених анізотропних пластів

Розглядається задача моделювання квазіідеальної фільтраційної течії у деякому неоднорідному анізотропному пористому просторово викривленому пласті, обмеженому двома еквіпотенціальними поверхнями-стінками та чотирма поверхнями течії. Проведено її апроксимацію деяким ''усередненим'' плоским аналогом. На цій основі і з використанням розроблених числових методів квазіконформних відображень побудовано алгоритм її розв'язання.We consider the modeling of quasiideal flow for a heterogeneous anisotropic porous spatially curved layer, which is restricted by two equipotential surfaces and four stream surfaces. We approximate it by some averaged plane analogue. On this basis with the use of developed numerical methods of quasiconformal mappings, we build an algorithm for its solution

Поэзия абсурда в европейском варианте: к теоретической постановке проблемы

Целью данной работы является выяснение основных понятий и положений типов комического в литературе абсурда. Задача формирования основы типологии комического в поэзии, прозе и драматургии европейского абсурда обусловливает новизну исследования

Hidden figures: Revisiting doping prevalence estimates previously reported for two major international sport events in the context of further empirical evidence and the extant literature

Background: High levels of admitted doping use (43.6% and 57.1%) were reported for two international sport events in 2011. Because these are frequently referenced in evaluating aspects of anti-doping, having high level of confidence in these estimates is paramount. Objectives: In this study, we present new prevalence estimates from a concurrently administered method, the Single Sample Count (SSC), and critically review the two sets of estimates in the context of other doping prevalence estimates. Methods: The survey featuring the SSC model was completed by 1,203 athletes at the 2011 World Championships in Athletics (WCA) (65.3% of all participating athletes) and 954 athletes at the 2011 Pan-Arab Games (PAG) (28.2% of all participating athletes). At WCA, athletes completed both UQM and SSC surveys in randomised order. At PAG, athletes were randomly allocated to one of the two surveys. Doping was defined as “having knowingly violated anti-doping regulations by using a prohibited substance or method.” Results: Estimates with the SSC model for 12-month doping prevalence were 21.2% (95% CI: 9.69–32.7) at WCA and 10.6% (95% CI: 1.76–19.4) at PAG. Estimated herbal, mineral, and/or vitamin supplements use was 8.57% (95% CI: 1.3–16.11) at PAG. Reliability of the estimates were confirmed with re-sampling method (n = 1,000, 80% of the sample). Survey non-compliance (31.90%, 95%CI: 26.28–37.52; p < 0.0001) was detected in the WCA data but occurred to a lesser degree at PAG (9.85%, 95% CI: 4.01–15.69, p = 0.0144 and 11.43%, 95% CI: 5.31–11.55, p = 0.0196, for doping and nutritional supplement use, respectively). A large discrepancy between those previously reported from the UQM and the prevalence rate estimated by the SSC model for the same population is evident. Conclusion: Caution in interpreting these estimates as bona fide prevalence rates is warranted. Critical appraisal of the obtained prevalence rates and triangulation with other sources are recommended over “the higher rate must be closer to the truth” heuristics. Non-compliance appears to be the Achilles heel of the indirect estimation models thus it should be routinely tested for and minimised. Further research into cognitive and behaviour aspects, including motivation for honesty, is needed to improve the ecological validity of the estimated prevalence rates.publishedVersio

TRANSFORMASI SEBAGAI STRATEGI DESAIN

ABSTRAKKarya tulis ini membahas akan strategi transformasi yang dikemukakan oleh Anthony Anthoniades yang dijadikan sebagai strategi oleh para arsitek dalam mencari bentuk-bentuk yang baru dalam setiap ide baru yang muncul. Pembahasan dimulai dengan melihat pemahaman akan transformasi itu sendiri dan menelusuri kapan strategi transformasi itu digunakan dalam perjalanan sejarah perkembangan arsitektur, serta mengkaji akan pemakaian strategi yang ada dalam bangunan yang ada pada zaman tersebut.Strategi Transformasi ada dan berkembang pada masa modernisasi bersamaan dengan berkembangnya aliran-aliran dalam arsitektur. Adapun dari perkembangan Transformasi,dan dari penelaan teori transformasi yang ada bahkan dari studi kasus yang dikaji memunculkan faktor yang perlu diperhatikan, yang nantinya menjadi bahan pertimbangan dalam merancang objek desain ketika kita menggunakan transformasi baik strategi tradisional, strategi peminjaman, maupun strategi dekonstruksi atau dekomposisi sebagai strategi dalam mendesain.Kata Kunci : Transformasi, Sejarah, Strateg

Estimating homelessness in the Netherlands using a capture-recapture approach

This study focuses on the homeless population in the Netherlands, as an indicator of social exclusion. By applying the capture-recapture (CRC) methodology to three registers, not only the size of the homeless population could be estimated, but also its composition in terms of gender, age, place of living, and origin could be depicted. Because of the use of three registers and the availability of background characteristics for each of the registers, the usual stringent assumptions of capture recapture methodology is circumvented. This advanced application of CRC to estimate the homeless population on the national level, has led to official figures for five subsequent reference dates (January 1st of 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013). In 2009 the size of the total homeless population in the Netherlands was estimated at 17,767, of which 5169 were registered on one of the three lists. Between 2009 and 2012 the estimated size of the population increased, which was largely due to the financial crisis. For all reference dates, the composition of this population showed that generally more men than women were registered and that homeless people in the age category of 30–49 years old were registered more than the younger or older age groups. Compared to the general Dutch population, the homeless population includes relatively many men, many people aged 30–49 years and people with a non-western backgroun

Aplicación de Micropavimiento para Mejorar la Condición Superficial del Pavimento Asfáltico

El presente proyecto de tesis es una investigación cualitativa de diseño exploratoria donde el objeto es mostrar la Importancia de la aplicación del Micropavimento para las carreteras en zonas de altura, que para nuestro caso se dieron en el Distrito de Huaraz, Departamento de Ancash, para un proyecto que presenta factores complejos tanto en clima, geografía y tráfico del cual se tomaron varias tesis, para tener un mejor detalle de los estudios en Micro pavimentos, pero se trabajó con el Proyecto Conococha – Recuay. Ya que el Micropavimento en frío que se utilizó es una mezcla asfáltica de alto performance, se caracteriza por su durabilidad en el tiempo y su comportamiento ante los climas pesados de nuestro país, la geografía accidentada y el tráfico alto, esta mezcla está compuesta por agregados 100% triturados, emulsión asfáltica modificada con polímeros, filler mineral, agua y aditivos. Se verificó el estado del micro pavimento en los tramos que se realizaron los estudios, aunque con los 6 años que pasaron han tenido en ciertos tramos algunas daños en la carretera debido al tránsito y al poco mantenimiento, se verificó que hay zonas que sufrieron menos daños y con conclusiones positivas para la aplicación del Micro pavimento, su impacto es positivo al medio ambiente, de alto rendimiento de colocación y rápida apertura al tráfico; por la verificación en el momento y a estos años que han pasado se concluye que la aplicación del Micropavimento fue una correcta propuesta de tratamiento superficial para mejorar la calidad de la capa de rodadura del pavimento

Accounting for self-protective responses in randomized response data from a social security survey using the zero-inflated Poisson model

In 2004 the Dutch Department of Social Affairs conducted a survey to assess the extent of noncompliance with social security regulations. The survey was conducted among 870 recipients of social security benefits and included a series of sensitive questions about regulatory noncompliance. Due to the sensitive nature of the questions the randomized response design was used. Although randomized response protects the privacy of the respondent, it is unlikely that all respondents followed the design. In this paper we introduce a model that allows for respondents displaying self-protective response behavior by consistently giving the nonincriminating response, irrespective of the outcome of the randomizing device. The dependent variable denoting the total number of incriminating responses is assumed to be generated by the application of randomized response to a latent Poisson variable denoting the true number of rule violations. Since self-protective responses result in an excess of observed zeros in relation to the Poisson randomized response distribution, these are modeled as observed zero-inflation. The model includes predictors of the Poisson parameters, as well as predictors of the probability of self-protective response behavior.Comment: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-AOAS135 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org

Refinement of the extended crosswise model with a number sequence randomizer: Evidence from three different studies in the UK

The Extended Crosswise Model (ECWM) is a randomized response model with neutral response categories, relatively simple instructions, and the availability of a goodness-of-fit test. This paper refines this model with a number sequence randomizer that virtually precludes the possibility to give evasive responses. The motivation for developing this model stems from a strategic priority of WADA (World Anti-Doping Agency) to monitor the prevalence of doping use by elite athletes. For this model we derived a maximum likelihood estimator that allows for binary logistic regression analysis. Three studies were conducted on online platforms with a total of over 6, 000 respondents; two on controlled substance use and one on compliance with COVID-19 regulations in the UK during the first lockdown. The results of these studies are promising. The goodness-of-fit tests showed little to no evidence for response biases, and the ECWM yielded higher prevalence estimates than direct questions for sensitive questions, and similar ones for non-sensitive questions. Furthermore, the randomizer with the shortest number sequences yielded the smallest response error rates on a control question with known prevalence