The concept of 'Genetic Modification' in a Descriptive Translation Study (DTS) of an English-Spanish corpus of Popular Science Books on Genetic Engineering: Denominative Variation, Semantic Prosody and Ideological Aspects of Translation Strategies

El objetivo general consiste en examinar el concepto de 'modificación genética' a través de tres fenómenos lingüísticos: la variación denominativa, la prosodia semántica y los aspectos ideológicos de las principales estrategias de traducción. Para estudiar la variación denominativa se han seleccionado dos términos técnicos 'DNA' y 'gene/s' y dos subtécnicos 'food/s' y 'crop/s'. Para el estudio de la prosodia semántica se han analizado las concordancias de 'genetic' + N y 'genetically'`+ Adj. La comparación de las variantes denominativas y las prosodias semánticas en un corpus paralelo inglés-español de ingenería genética arrojan resultados sobre los aspectos ideológicos de las principales estrategias de traducción encontradas en el corpus.Departamento de Filología Ingles

Programa de intervención enfermera para reducir la ansiedad en mujeres con cáncer de mama tratadas con radioterapia

El cáncer es una enfermedad catastrófica, constituyendo una de las principales causas de morbi-mortalidad del mundo, incrementándose las tasas de incidencia debido a la detección precoz y al envejecimiento poblacional. Dentro de las opciones de tratamiento del cáncer de mama se encuentra la Radioterapia, que a pesar de sus múltiples beneficios, genera temor y malestar en el paciente. El miedo a lo desconocido agrava la ansiedad. Nuestro objetivo es reducir la ansiedad que produce el tratamiento con radioterapia en mujeres con cáncer de mama. Se hizo un estudio prospectivo. Se aleatorizan dos grupos de pacientes, uno experimental que recibe la intervención enfermera del PROGRAMA y el otro control que recibe las intervenciones habituales del servicio. Se comparan los resultados obtenidos a través del Inventario de Ansiedad Estado-Rasgo (STAI). Cpncluimos que es importante desarrollar intervenciones que disminuyan la ansiedad en las mujeres con cáncer de mama y seguir formando al personal sanitario para actuar en beneficio del bienestar del paciente.Grado en Enfermerí

Stable isotopes and diet of hunters gatherers of southwest of Buenos Aires province (Argentina)

Se presentan los primeros resultados del análisis de isótopos estables (δ13C y δ15N) obtenidos sobre restos humanos provenientes de sitios arqueológicos del sudoeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina), datados en el Holoceno Tardío. Conjuntamente se informan los primeros datos de δ13 Ccol. sobre los distintos recursos faunísticos del sector.El área de estudio se compone de diversos ambientes, destacándose los entornos acuáticos como la costa marina, los valles fluviales, las lagunas y el humedal. Los valores isotópicos de los recursos del sector indican que los animales marinos presentan los valores más enriquecidos en 13C; mientras que aquellas especies terrestres (coipo, ñandú y herbívoros grandes) presentan los valores más empobrecidos, que son indistinguibles entre ellos. Por su parte, las aves acuáticas y el peludo tienen valores intermedios. El estudio isotópico sobre restos humanos reflejó que la dieta de los individuos fue cárnica, que las proteínas de animales terrestres fueron predominantes y que en menor proporción se usaron recursos marinos. El registro arqueofaunístico del área resulta concordante con esta información. Finalmente, estos son los primeros resultados isotópicos para el sector, por lo que constituye un aporte preliminar que deberá continuar con la realización de nuevos estudios.Results of the first stable isotopes analysis (δ13C and δ15N) of archaeological sites located in the southwest of the province of Buenos Aires (Argentina) are presented. Both the construction of an isotopic ecology and prehistoric human diets of the sector are explored. The isotopic ecology indicates diverse environments in which marine animals have enriched δ13Ccol. values; while terrestrial species such as coypo, greater rhea and large-sized herbivores have the poorest values that are indistinguishable among the different taxa. Furthermore, ducks and a hairy armadillo showed intermediate values. Human isotopic values indicate a diet based on the consumption of meat. These proteins came predominantly from terrestrial animals complemented by marine resources. The local archaeological record is consistent with this information, as the main faunal resources are terrestrial species; nevertheless a scarce representation of marine fauna, mainly Otariids, is registered. In this paper we present the first isotopic values for the studied area and thus it is a preliminary contribution that must be further investigated with new samples.Fil: Scabuzzo, Clara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Departamento Científico de Arqueología; ArgentinaFil: Frontini, Romina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Humanidades. Area de Historia; ArgentinaFil: Vecchi, Rodrigo Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Humanidades. Area de Historia; ArgentinaFil: Bayón, María Cristina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Humanidades. Area de Historia; Argentin

Archaeology of Laguna Sauce Grande (Monte Hermoso district, Buenos Aires province)

El objetivo de este trabajo es aportar nuevos datos para generar conocimiento sobre las ocupaciones de los grupos prehispánicos en las cercanías de la laguna Sauce Grande (Monte Hermoso, provincia de Buenos Aires). Se presentan los resultados de las investigaciones de los sitios Laguna Sauce Grande II y Laguna Sauce Grande III y se discute la subsistencia, la tecnología y la movilidad de los cazadores-recolectores durante el Holoceno tardío. En relación con la subsistencia, se destaca el registro de numerosos restos de Amarilladesma mactroides (almeja amarilla), que indican el traslado de este bivalvo por 6 km desde el litoral Atlántico y su consumo como alimento. Las tallas estimadas muestran homogeneidad en la selección de individuos adultos. Con respecto a la tecnología se reconocieron 12 variedades de roca cuya procedencia da cuenta de variados rangos de traslados. Los artefactos fueron formatizados por talla y por PAPMU; predominan aquellos destinados al procesamiento de recursos. Las evidencias materiales, particularmente las de las arqueofaunas, resultan novedosas para la región.The objective of this paper is to provide new data about prehispanic occupations in the vicinity of the Sauce Grande shallow lake (Monte Hermoso, province of Buenos Aires). The results of the research about the Laguna Sauce Grande II and Laguna Sauce Grande III archaeological sites are presented. Furthermore, the subsistence, technology and mobility of hunter-gatherers during the late Holocene are discussed. In relation to subsistence, the abundant record of Amarilladesma mactroides (yellow clam) remains is a remarkable fact, which indicates that this bivalve was transported for 6 km from the Atlantic coast and used as foodstuff. The estimated size of the shells retrieved demonstrates homogeneity in selecting adult individuals. In regard to technology, 12 different rock varieties from diverse sources were identified, which means there were various transportation distance ranges involved. The artifacts were produced by knapping and by picking; those intended to resource processing are predominant. The material evidence, particularly that of archaeofaunae, presents novel information for the Pampean region.Fil: Frontini, Romina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Humanidades; ArgentinaFil: Vecchi, Rodrigo Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Humanidades; ArgentinaFil: Bayón, María Cristina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Humanidades; ArgentinaFil: Fiori, Sandra Marcela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía; Argentin

Faunistic analysis of the La Olla archaeological site (sectors 3 and 4), Southwest Atlantic coast of Buenos Aires Province

El sitio arqueológico La Olla se encuentra en la zona intermareal baja en la playa de Monte Hermoso (provincia de Buenos Aires), datado hacia finales del Holoceno Temprano. En 2008 se excavaron dos nuevos sectores, La Olla 3 y La Olla 4 (LO3 y LO4). Se recuperó una gran variedad de materiales arqueológicos, entre ellos, artefactos líticos, instrumentos de madera y abundantes restos faunísticos. Aquí se presentan los resultados de los análisis faunísticos de un total de 316 especímenes. Los restos orgánicos se caracterizan por un estado de preservación excepcional y los resultados permiten proponer que La Olla habría funcionado como un sitio específico de procesamiento de dos especies de lobos marinos (Arctocephalus australis y Otaria flavescens). Los grupos de cazadores-recolectores ocuparon las marismas mixohalinas en las partes altas de la playa y, contrariamente a lo que sucede en la costa norte bonaerense, La Olla permite proponer un componente prioritario de recursos marinos en su dieta.The archaeological site La Olla is located in the lower intertidal zone of Monte Hermoso city (Buenos Aires Province), dating to the end of the Early Holocene. Two new sectors were excavated in 2008, La Olla 3 and La Olla 4 (LO3 and LO4). In both, a great variety of archaeological material was recovered, among them, lithic artifacts, wooden instruments and abundant bone remains. The results of the zooarchaeological analysis of LO3 and LO4 (NISP=316) is presented. The organic remains are characterized by an exceptional state of preservation. The results allow proposing that La Olla would have functioned as a specific processing site of Otariidae, being the two species of sea lions (Arctocephalus australis and Otaria flavescens) the main human exploited fauna resources. The hunter-gatherer groups occupied mixohaline marshes in the upper parts of the beach and, contrary to what happened on the northern coast of Buenos Aires, these results indicate a significant component of marine resources in their diet.Sociedad Argentina de Antropologí

Changes in iron metabolism and oxidative status in STZ-induced diabetic rats treated with bis(maltolato) oxovanadium(IV) as an antidiabetic agent

The role of vanadium as a micronutrient and hypoglycaemic agent has yet to be fully clarified. The present study was undertaken to investigate changes in the metabolism of iron and in antioxidant defences of diabetic STZ rats following treatment with vanadium. Four groups were examined: control; diabetic; diabetic treated with 1 mgV/day; and Diabetic treated with 3 mgV/day. The vanadium was supplied in drinking water as bis(maltolato) oxovanadium (IV) (BMOV). The experiment had a duration of five weeks. Iron was measured in food, faeces, urine, serum, muscle, kidney, liver, spleen, and femur. Superoxide dismutase, catalase, NAD(P)H: quinone-oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) activity, and protein carbonyl group levels in the liver were determined. In the diabetic rats, higher levels of Fe absorbed, Fe content in kidney, muscle, and femur, and NQO1 activity were recorded, together with decreased catalase activity, in comparison with the control rats. In the rats treated with 3 mgV/day, there was a significant decrease in fasting glycaemia, Fe content in the liver, spleen, and heart, catalase activity, and levels of protein carbonyl groups in comparison with the diabetic group. In conclusion BMOV was a dose-dependent hypoglycaemic agent. Treatment with 3 mgV/day provoked increased Fe deposits in the tissues, which promoted a protein oxidative damage in the liver.The authors are grateful for support received from the Consejería de Innovación, Ciencia y Empresa, Andalusian Regional Government (Project P06-CTS-01435)

Improvements in tribological and anticorrosion performance of porous Ti-6Al-4V via PEO coating

Producción CientíficaMedical implants manufactured using biomaterial Ti-6Al-4V exhibit some disadvantages. Its higher elastic modulus than that of natural bone can cause stress shielding problems. This can be avoided using Ti-6Al-4V with pores in the implant structure. However, poor corrosion and tribocorrosion behaviors are yielded because of the large area exposed to the medium. To mitigate both issues, coating technologies can be applied. The plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) process is a cost-effective process that has been used successfully in nonporous Ti alloys. In this study, two PEO coatings with different amounts of Ca/P are used. However, reports regarding their application in porous materials are scarce. The effects of PEO treatments on corrosion and tribocorrosion in Ti-6Al-4V powder metallurgy are analyzed herein. The porous materials provide an efficient surface for PEO coatings, as demonstrated via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), and the porosity of the substrates improved the adherence of the coatings. The corrosion resistance measured via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy confirmed the beneficial effect of the coatings, particularly for long exposure time. The lower roughness, small pore size, and more compact film observed in the PEO-Ca/P sample resulted in favorable tribological and corrosion properties.Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (project RTI2018-097990-B-I00)Junta de Castilla y León (projects VA275P18 and VA044G19

Elucidating the Therapeutic Potential of Bis(Maltolato)OxoVanadium(IV): The Protective Role of Copper in Cellular Metabolism

Vanadium (V) is a trace mineral whose biological activity, role as a micronutrient, and pharmacotherapeutic applications remain unknown. Over the last years, interest in V has increased due to its potential use as an antidiabetic agent mediated by its ability to improve glycemic metabolism. However, some toxicological aspects limit its potential therapeutic application. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of the co-treatment with copper (Cu) and bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV) (BMOV) as a possible strategy to reduce the toxicity of BMOV. Treating hepatic cells with BMOV reduced cell viability under the present conditions, but cell viability was corrected when cells were co-incubated with BMOV and Cu. Additionally, the effect of these two minerals on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA was evaluated. Co-treatment with both metals reduced the nuclear damage caused by BMOV. Moreover, treatment with these two metals simultaneously tended to reduce the ND1/ND4 deletion of the mitochondrial DNA produced with the treatment using BMOV alone. In conclusion, these results showed that combining Cu and V could effectively reduce the toxicity associated with V and enhance its potential therapeutic applications.Consejería de Innovación, Ciencia y Empresa, Andalusian Regional Government (Project P06-CTS-01435),The Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity (SAF2011-29648

Vanadium Decreases Hepcidin mRNA Gene Expression in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats, Improving the Anemic State

We are grateful for the support received from the Consejeria de Innovacion, Ciencia y Empresa, Andalusian Regional Government (Project P06-CTS-01435), and from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity (SAF2011-29648); the CIBERehd is funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III.This paper forms part of the Doctoral Program in Nutrition and Food Science of the University of Granada.Diabetes is a disease with an inflammatory component that courses with an anemic state. Vanadium (V) is an antidiabetic agent that acts by stimulating insulin signaling. Hepcidin blocks the intestinal absorption of iron and the release of iron from its deposits. We aim to investigate the effect of V on hepcidin mRNA expression and its consequences on the hematological parameters in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Control healthy rats, diabetic rats, and diabetic rats treated with 1 mgV/day were examined for five weeks. The mineral levels were measured in diet and serum samples. Hepcidin expression was quantified in liver samples. Inflammatory and hematological parameters were determined in serum or whole blood samples. The inflammatory status was higher in diabetic than in control rats, whereas the hematological parameters were lower in the diabetic rats than in the control rats. Hepcidin mRNA expression was significantly lower in the V-treated diabetic rats than in control and untreated diabetic rats. The inflammatory status remained at a similar level as the untreated diabetic group. However, the hematological profile improved after the V-treatment, reaching similar levels to those found in the control group. Serum iron level was higher in V-treated than in untreated diabetic rats. We conclude that V reduces gene expression of hepcidin in diabetic rats, improving the anemic state caused by diabetes.Consejeria de Innovacion, Ciencia y Empresa, Andalusian Regional Government P06-CTS-01435Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity SAF2011-29648Instituto de Salud Carlos III European Commissio

Locomotor training through a novel robotic platform for gait rehabilitation in pediatric population: short report

[Background] Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a disorder of posture and movement due to a defect in the immature brain. The use of robotic devices as alternative treatment to improve the gait function in patients with CP has increased. Nevertheless, current gait trainers are focused on controlling complete joint trajectories, avoiding postural control and the adaptation of the therapy to a specific patient. This paper presents the applicability of a new robotic platform called CPWalker in children with spastic diplegia.[Findings] CPWalker consists of a smart walker with body weight and autonomous locomotion support and an exoskeleton for joint motion support. Likewise, CPWalker enables strategies to improve postural control during walking. The integrated robotic platform provides means for testing novel gait rehabilitation therapies in subjects with CP and similar motor disorders. Patient-tailored therapies were programmed in the device for its evaluation in three children with spastic diplegia for 5 weeks. After ten sessions of personalized training with CPWalker, the children improved the mean velocity (51.94 ± 41.97 %), cadence (29.19 ± 33.36 %) and step length (26.49 ± 19.58 %) in each leg. Post-3D gait assessments provided kinematic outcomes closer to normal values than Pre-3D assessments.[Conclusions] The results show the potential of the novel robotic platform to serve as a rehabilitation tool. The autonomous locomotion and impedance control enhanced the children’s participation during therapies. Moreover, participants’ postural control was substantially improved, which indicates the usefulness of the approach based on promoting the patient’s trunk control while the locomotion therapy is executed. Although results are promising, further studies with bigger sample size are required.The work presented in this paper has been carried out with the financial support from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of Spain, under Contract DPI2012-39133-C03-01.Peer reviewe