Um algoritmo de planos de corte para o problema livre de garra: estudo poliédrico e implementação Branch-and-Cut

Let G = (V;E) be a simple graph, where V is the set of vertices and E is the set of edges. A claw is de ned as a complete bipartite graph K1,3. The Claw-free problem (CFP) aims at nding a minimum subset of vertices S c V such that none of the vertex-induced subgraphs of G[V n S] are claws. The present work performs a polyhedral study on the CFP, which is a NP-complete problem, presenting 2 integer programming models(Fg and FSk ), where FSk is implemented with a cutting plane-based procedure. Computational experiments were performed in instances with di erent densities with up to 100 vertices. The results obtained suggest that FSk had a superior performance when compared to Fg.NenhumaSeja G = (V;E) um grafo, no qual V e o conjunto de vertices e E o conjunto de arestas. Um grafo garra é de nido como sendo um grafo bipartido completo K1,3. O Problema Livre de Garra (PLG) tem como objetivo encontrar um subconjunto minimo de vértices S c V de modo que nenhum subgrafo induzido por vértice em G[V / S] seja um grafo garra. O presente trabalho realiza um estudo poliedral para o PLG, que é um problema NP-completo, apresentando dois modelos de programa c~ao linear inteira (Fg e FSk ), sendo o ultimo implementado por meio de um procedimento baseado em planos de corte. Experimentos computacionais foram realizados em instâncias com diversas densidades e contendo até 100 vértices. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que FSk teve desempenho superior quando comparado a Fg

Entre a geografia e o patrimônio: estudo das ações de preservação das paisagens paulistas pelo Condephaat (1969-1989)

The present study investigates the different actions of preservation of natural areas developed between 1969 and 1989 by the Council for Defense of Heritage, Historic, Artistic, Archaeological and Tourism - CONDEPHAAT - the Council is responsible for the safeguarding of the heritage of São Paulo and a pioneer in protecting landscape as cultural heritage. The emergence of natural areas as an object of preservation in São Paulo, during the period of the study, raised the search for comprehension of different ways of understanding and perceiving landscape and its historicity within the trajectory of this institution for São Paulo’s heritage. The objective is to map the nature of these actions that have shaped this experience in the construction of the debate about the relationship between landscape and heritage in São Paulo, revealing their singularities. Beyond it, this work intends to scale the public impact and insertion of these themes in the political debate of that time. The main sources used in this research are the processes of heritage register of natural areas, opened by the Council between the 1970s and 1980s, as well as newspapers of mainstream media.O presente estudo trata das ações de preservação de áreas naturais desenvolvidas entre 1969 e 1989, pelo Conselho de Defesa do Patrimônio, Histórico, Artístico, Arqueológico e Turístico – CONDEPHAAT – órgão responsável pela salvaguarda do patrimônio paulista e pioneiro na proteção da paisagem como bem cultural. A emergência das áreas naturais como objeto de preservação em São Paulo, no período estudado, suscitou a busca pela compreensão das diferentes formas de entendimento e percepção da expressão paisagem e sua historicidade na trajetória de instituição do patrimônio paulista. O objetivo foi mapear a natureza das ações que deram forma a essa experiência na construção de um debate sobre a relação entre paisagem e patrimônio em São Paulo, revelando suas singularidades. Além disso, o presente trabalho pretende dimensionar a repercussão pública e a inserção desses temas no debate político da época. As principais fontes utilizadas são os processos de tombamento de áreas naturais, abertos pelo órgão paulista entre as décadas de 1970 e 1980, bem como periódicos da grande imprensa.Dados abertos - Sucupira - Teses e dissertações (2013 a 2016

Dimensionamento de um sistema de tratamento de potenciais efluentes contaminados com cafeína mediante eletrólise com diamante dopado com boro

Trabalho de conclusão de curso (graduação) — Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Química, 2021.A presença de poluentes emergentes no meio ambiente tem sido detectada com frequência em matrizes aquáticas ao redor do mundo. Esses poluentes são caracterizados por sua baixa biodegradação e, consequentemente, acúmulo no meio ambiente, o que dificulta seu tratamento nos processos biológicos das estacoes de tratamento de esgoto. Os processos oxidativos avançados eletroquímicos (POAE) emergem como alternativa para sua completa eliminação. Dentro o conjunto de POAE, o uso do diamante dopado com boro como ânodo é de interesse por sua alta reatividade à oxidação de compostos orgânicos de uma forma eficiente. Trabalhos prévios realizados pelo laboratório têm demonstrado esta capacidade de remoção para o tratamento da cafeína. Com base nesses dados, o presente trabalho de conclusão de curso apresenta dados preliminares de projeto de uma unidade que pretenderia tratar o efluente contaminado com cafeína de uma planta de produção de café mediante oxidação anódica com diamante dopado com boro.The presence of emerging pollutants in the environment has been frequently detected in aquatic matrices around the world. These pollutants are featured by their low biodegradability and, hence, accumulation in the environment, making difficult their removal in the biological processes of the wastewater treatment plants. The electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOP) emerge as alternative for their complete elimination. Among the EAOP processes, the utilization of boron doped diamond is of interest due to its high reactivity towards the efficient oxidation of the organic compounds. Previous studies carried out by the laboratory demonstrated this removal capacity for the caffeine treatment. Based on these data, the current final graduation project presents preliminary date for the design of an unit that would intend to treat an effluent polluted with caffeine from a coffee production plant by anodic oxidation with boron doped diamond

Variants of transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene and incident glucose intolerance in Japanese-Brazilians

Common variants of the transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene have been found to be associated with type 2 diabetes in different ethnic groups. The Japanese-Brazilian population has one of the highest prevalence rates of diabetes. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess whether two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of TCF7L2, rs7903146 and rs12255372, could predict the development of glucose intolerance in Japanese-Brazilians. In a population-based 7-year prospective study, we genotyped 222 individuals (72 males and 150 females, aged 56.2 ± 10.5 years) with normal glucose tolerance at baseline. In the study population, we found that the minor allele frequency was 0.05 for SNP rs7903146 and 0.03 for SNP rs12255372. No significant allele or genotype association with glucose intolerance incidence was found for either SNP. Haplotypes were constructed with these two SNPs and three haplotypes were defined: CG (frequency: 0.94), TT (frequency = 0.027) and TG (frequency = 0.026). None of the haplotypes provided evidence for association with the incidence of glucose intolerance. Despite no associations between incidence of glucose intolerance and SNPs of the TCF7L2 gene in Japanese-Brazilians, we found that carriers of the CT genotype for rs7903146 had significantly lower insulin levels 2 h after a 75-g glucose load than carriers of the CC genotype. In conclusion, in Japanese-Brazilians, a population with a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes, common TCF7L2 variants did not make major contributions to the incidence of glucose tolerance abnormalities.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Disciplina de EndocrinologiaUniversidade de São Paulo Instituto do CoraçãoUNIFESP, EPM, Disciplina de EndocrinologiaSciEL

The A allele of the rs759853 single nucleotide polymorphism in the AKR1B1 gene confers risk for diabetic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes from a Brazilian population

Objective: The AKR1B1 gene encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of glucose into sorbitol. Chronic hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) leads to increased AKR1B1 affinity for glucose and, consequently, sorbitol accumulation. Elevated sorbitol increases oxidative stress, which is one of the main pathways related to chronic complications of diabetes, including diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Accordingly, some studies have suggested the rs759853 polymorphism in the AKR1B1 gene is associated with DKD; however, findings are still contradictory. The aim was to investigate the association of the rs759853 polymorphism in the AKR1B1 gene and DKD. Materials and methods: The sample comprised 695 patients with type 2 DM (T2DM) and DKD (cases) and 310 patients with T2DM of more than 10 years’ duration, but no DKD (controls). The polymorphism was genotyped by real-time PCR. Results: Allelic and genotype frequencies of this polymorphism did not differ significantly between groups. However, the A/A genotype was associated with risk for DKD after adjustment for gender, triglycerides, BMI, presence of hypertension and diabetic retinopathy, and duration of DM, under both recessive (P = 0.048) and additive (P = 0.037) inheritance models. Conclusion: Our data suggest an association between the AKR1B1 rs759853A/A genotype and risk for DKD in Brazilians T2DM patients