Estudo dos líquenes como bio-indicadores de metais pesados no meio ambiente da Igreja dos Santos Juanes de Valência

The lichens do to their symbiont nature have unic characteristics that confer them a key role as a bioindicators of the environmental contamination. Many investigations have been done using epiphytic lichens as a bioindicators, but only a few of them have used crustose epilithic lichens. The main objective of this work is to show the air quality of Valencia and corroborate the efficacy of the crustose epilithic lichens as a bioindicators of the air pollution. With this objective it has been analyzed the heavy metals inside the lichens growing on the façade of the Santos Juanes church in Valencia situated in the nerve centerof the city.Los líquenes debido a su naturaleza simbionte poseen unas características únicas que les confieren un papel clave como bioindicadores de la contaminación ambiental. Se han realizado muchos trabajos utilizando líquenes epifíticos como bioindicadores, pero tan solo unos pocos estudios han utilizado líquenes epilíticos. El objetivo de este trabajo es poner de manifiesto la calidad del aire de la ciudad de Valencia y corroborar la eficacia de los líquenes epilíticos crustáceos como bioindicadores de la contaminación ambiental. Para ello se analizan los metales pesados encontrados en los líquenes que crecen sobre la fachada de la Iglesia de los Santos Juanes de Valencia situada en el centro neurálgico de la ciudad.Os Líquenes, devido à sua natureza simbiótica, possuem características únicas que lhes conferem um papel crucial como bio-indicadores de contaminação ambiental. Existem muitos trabalhos que utilizam líquenes epifíticos como bio-indicadores, no entanto, poucos se centram no uso de líquenes epilíticos. O estudo realizado tem como objectivo por em manifesto a qualidade do ar da cidade de Valencia e corroborar a eficiência dos líquenes epilíticos crustosos como bio-indicadores da contaminação ambiental. Para tal, analizaram-se os metais pesados presentes em líquenes que crescem na fachada da Igreja dos Santos Juanes de Valência, situda no centro nevrálgico da cidade

Study of alteration and degradation products of a Roman marble sarcophagus located in the medieval cloister of the old st Cosimato’s Convent, now the new "Regina Margherita Hospital” (Rome)

Optical and SEM-EDS microscopy, FT-IR and mFT-IR spectroscopy investigations have been applied to the study of alteration and degradation products of a Roman sarcophagus located in the medieval cloister of St Cosimato’s Convent, now the new “Regina Margherita Hospital” (Rome) before restoration work. This scientific analysis was performed in order to compare it with a diagnosis report based on the restorer’s expertise. The sarcophagus is small and consists of a single block of fine-grained marble covered by a thick pink patina. The results obtained from this diagnostic investigation, allow us to draw important conclusions about the state of conservation of this archaeological artefact. The main components found in the samples analyzed are: black crust, calcium oxalate, organic matter due to recent conservation treatment, calcite, iron-oxides and coloured earths. In particular, the combined used of petrographical and mFT-IR analysis provided useful insights into the polishing and consolidation processes of archaeological artefacts

Georadar investigations in the central nave of Hagia Sofia, Istanbul (Turkey)

Within an interdisciplinary project to study Istanbul's Hagia Sofia, a georadar survey was carried out in the central nave to assess if the deformations of the structure previously observed could be related to a differential behavior of the subsoil caused by architectural remains underneath. This study faces an unusual challenge since it was necessary to study the space beneath the scaffolding placed for the restoration works. The survey of the central nave was successful and allowed the detection of remains of walls that probably formed the basement of a previous 18- by 22-m structure. In addition, another interesting feature was discovered 2 m below the marble mosaic in the southeastern part of the nave. Although it is not possible to define its function, it seems that there could be a close relationship between this 2- by 3-m buried structure and the marble mosaic in the floor surface. Although some structures were identified under the floor of Hagia Sofia, there are no major changes in the topography of the central nave floor

Non-Destructive Multi-Analytical Approach to Study the Pigments of Wall Painting Fragments Reused in Mortars from the Archaeological Site of Pompeii (Italy)

During the excavations carried out in Via di Mercurio (Regio VI, 9, 3) in Pompeii, in 2015, some red, green, black, and brown wall painting fragments were found in the preparatory layer of an ancient pavement which was probably built after the 62 AD earthquake. These fragments, derived from the rubble, were used as coarse aggregate to prepare the mortar for building the pavement. The wall painting fragments are exceptionally well preserved, which is an uncommon occurrence in the city of Pompeii. However, as they were enclosed in the mortar, the wall painting fragments were protected from the high temperatures (probably ranging between 180 ◦C and 380 ◦C) produced by the eruption in 79 AD. The pigmented outer surface of each sample was analyzed using a non-destructive multi-analytical approach, by combining spectrophotometric colorimetry and portable X-ray fluorescence with micro-Raman spectroscopy. The compositional characterization of the samples revealed the presence of cuprorivaite, goethite, and celadonite in the green pigments; hematite in the red pigments; goethite in the brown pigment; and charcoal in the black pigment. These data probably provide us with the most "faithful picture" of the various red, green, black, and brown pigments used in Pompeii prior to the 79 AD eruptio

Endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy or sympathicotomy versus clipping in the surgical management of primary hyperhidrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Influence of Chemical Composition and Microvesiculation on the Chromatic Features of the Obsidian of Sierra de las Navajas (Hidalgo, Mexico)

The obsidian of Sierra de las Navajas is well known for its green color and gold hue. In order to relate these features with compositional and microtextural characteristics, we have carried out a microanalytical study by Wave Dispersion System associated to Electron Probe Micro-Analyzer, Scanning Electron Microscope observation, and X-rays micro-tomographic analyses of samples showing different colors (dark to light green, sometimes with bands of different color intensity) and hues (changing, uniform, no hue). In accordance with previous studies, the green color of the obsidian seems to be related to a high iron content, probably in its reduced state. However, no significant difference in composition occurs between dark and light green samples. The SEM observation and microtomographic study revealed the absence of microcrystals and the occurrence of vesicles of different size, shape, and orientation. Lighter green colors are shown by highly vesiculated surfaces, whereas non-vesiculated samples are darker. On the surfaces with a high concentration of coarse vesicles, a uniform golden hue is observed. Decreasing vesiculation gives a hue changing with the angle of incident light. However, when the vesicularity approaches zero, no hue is visible. The iso-orientation of vesicles along preferential directions and their distribution in bands determine the variation in color intensity and hue on differently oriented surfaces. Microvesiculation also influences other characteristics that were important features for the use of obsidian in the past, such as fracture, transparency, and roughness

The bricks of Hagia Sophia (Istanbul, Turkey): a new hypothesis to explain their compositional difference

The work shows the results of a multi-analytical study performed on twenty-nine brick samples taken from Hagia Sophia in Istanbul (Turkey). Hagia Sophia, one of the most important historical buildings in the world, has a very complex construction history. This complexity is also reflected in the materials that were used for its construction. The main purpose of this work is to verify whether there are any compositional differences in the bricks used in different historical periods, but also to understand the reasons for any compositional differences between one period and another. The samples were studied by optical microscopy (OM), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), coupled with a new approach, based on the micro-chemical EDS analysis used to obtain information on the clay fraction of the matrix. The study showed that, most probably, the differences between the bricks belonging to the different construction phases are due to the composition of the clays used for their preparation

Inorganic Raw Materials Economy and Provenance of Chipped Industry in Some Stone Age Sites of Northern and Central Italy

An opportunistic and local choice of raw materials is typically attested in the Lower and Middle Paleolithic industries throughout Italy. The quality of the raw material usually affected the flaking technology and quality of the products. In the Upper Paleolithic and the Mesolithic, raw material procurement strategies were more complex. Flint was exploited both locally, in areas where abundant outcrops of raw materials were available (such as the Lessini mountains), and in distant localities, after which it was transported or exchanged over medium/long distances. Different routes of exchange were thus followed in the various periods; good reconstruction of these routes have been provided by a study of the Garfagnana sites in Northern Tuscany, and the Mesolithic deposit of Mondeval de Sora (Dolomites). An interesting example of a Late Upper Paleolithic flint quarry and workshop were found in Abruzzo, in the San Bartolomeo shelter. The extended trade of obsidian from Lipari, Palmarola and Sardinia to the Italian Peninsula is attested in the Neolithic, with some differences concerning the age and different areas

Convenio Marco con la Universitat Della Calabria, Italia. 2019-2024

El presente acuerdo tiene por objeto establecer y desarrollar relaciones de cooperación internacional entre ambas Instituciones mediante la colaboración académica, científica y cultural

Caratterizzazione composizionale di materiali lapidei geologici ed archeologici finalizzata all'individuazione della provenienza dei litotipi del parco archeologico di Sibari

Dottorato di Ricerca in Scienze della Terra, XXII Ciclo, a.a. 2009Università della Calabri