Increasing Accessibility to Library Resources and Services by Adding Closed Captioning and Transcripts to YouTube Videos

Accessibility to library resources and services in academic libraries is fundamental to serving the discovery and scholarship needs of all students and faculty, whether they have disabilities or not. Equitable access in higher education can affect student grades and retention, but accessibility touches many different areas in library services, including making the physical building accessible, as well as instructional materials, the library’s website, Libguides, and library resources to those with vision, physical, and cognitive disabilities. Accessibility is vital for students with disabilities to obtain a college degree and complies with federal law. However, it also improves access to higher education for all students, including English as a second language students and those with different learning styles and undiagnosed disabilities. Come hear this presentation about accessibility that focuses on increasing the accessibility of online instructional tutorials on YouTube

Increasing Accessibility to Academic Library Services with Alt Text, Color Contrast, Captioning, and Transcripts in YouTube Tutorials

Accessibility of library resources and services in academic libraries is fundamental to serving the discovery and scholarship needs of students and faculty, regardless of disability status. Equitable access in higher education affects student grades and retention, and within the library, involves making library buildings, video tutorials, library instruction, the website, Libguides, and resources accessible to students. Accessibility is vital for disabled students to obtain a college degree. It complies with federal law while improving access to education for all students, such as English as a second language students, undiagnosed disabled students, and students with different learning styles. This article focuses on how using alt text, color contrast analysis, closed captioning, and transcripts can improve the accessibility of library video tutorials, assisting the disabled and non-disabled students alike in their discovery and scholarship

Psychosocial predictors of health-related quality of life and health service utilisation in people with chronic low back pain

Psychological and social factors have been shown, separately, to predict outcome in individuals with chronic low back pain. Few previous studies, however, have integrated both psychological and social factors, using prospective study of clinic populations of low back pain patients, to identify which are the most important targets for treatment. One hundred and eight patients with chronic low back pain, newly referred to an orthopaedic outpatient clinic, completed assessments of demographic characteristics, details of back pain, measures of anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HADS), fearful beliefs about pain (Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire), social stresses (Life Events and Difficulties Schedule) and physical aspects of health‐related quality of life [SF‐36 Physical Component summary Score scale (PCS)]. Six months later subjects completed the SF‐36 PCS and the number of healthcare contacts during follow‐up was recorded. Independent predictors of SF‐36 PCS at 6‐month follow‐up were duration of pain [(standardised regression coefficient (β) = −0.18, p = 0.04), HADS score (β) = −0.27, p = 0.003] and back pain related social difficulties (β = −0.42, p < 0.0005). Number of healthcare contacts over the 6 months ranged from 1 to 29, and was independently predicted by perceived cause of pain [Incident Rate Ratio (IRR) = 1.46, p = 0.03], Fear Avoidance Beliefs about work (IRR = 1.02, p = 0.009) and back pain related social difficulties (IRR = 1.16, p = 0.03). To conclude, anxiety, depression, fear avoidance beliefs relating to work and back pain related stresses predict impairment in subsequent physical health‐related quality of life and number of healthcare contacts. Interventions targeting these psychosocial variables in clinic patients may lead to improved quality of life and healthcare costs

The Monstrous ‘White Theory Boy’: Symbolic Capital, Pedagogy and the Politics of Knowledge

This article presents a critical uncovering of the continued dominance of whiteness and maleness in processes and practices of knowledge formation. Tracking the figure of the ‘white theory boy’ or ‘dead white man’ across experiential accounts of theory, scholarship on canonicity, and pedagogical strategies, the article demonstrates his enduring authority in theoretical knowledge making and dissemination. Where this article moves somewhere different is its suggestion that a space of sympathy be extended to this hegemonic figure. Though the dominance of the ‘white theory boy’ undoubtedly perpetuates inequalities throughout social theoretic thought, it is necessary to locate a new method of tackling such ingrained problems. Though extending sympathy to the ‘white theory boy’ is perhaps initially counter-intuitive, my suggestion is that he does not hold the sort of monolithic power we might first assume. Bringing an intersectional analysis of gender, class, ‘race’ and ethnicity to bear on this figure, creates a space in which a more critical and fine-grained account of the relationship between power, knowledge, and social status can be uncovered. It is through extending this space of sympathy and mutual cooperation to ‘white theory boys’ that the practical and conceptual machinations of their power are further revealed. From here a more thorough dismantling of this power becomes possible

The associated features of multiple somatic symptom complexes

We are grateful to the participants in the project and to the General Practitioners and their teams who facilitated it. The study would have been impossible without the work of our research assistants: Judy Jackson, Alison Littlewood and Ian Davies. The study was funded by the UK Medical Research Council. The UK MRC had no role in study design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; and preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript.Peer reviewedPostprin

A mechanistic multi-centre, parallel group, randomised placebo controlled trial of Mesalazine for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea (IBS-D)

Introduction: Immune activation has been reported in the mucosa of irritable bowel syndrome patients with diarrhoea (IBS-D) and some small studies have suggested that Mesalazine may reduce symptoms. We performed a double blind, randomised placebo controlled trial of 2g Mesalazine twice daily versus placebo for 3 months in Rome III criteria IBS-D patients. Primary outcome was daily average stool frequency during weeks 11-12; secondary outcomes were abdominal pain, stool consistency, urgency and satisfactory relief of IBS symptoms. Methods: Participants were randomised after a 2-week baseline stool diary. All participants completed a 12-week stool diary and at the end of each week recorded the presence of “satisfactory relief of IBS symptoms”. Results: 136 patients with IBS-D (82 F, 54 M) were randomised, 10 patients withdrew from each group. Analysis by intention to treat showed the daily average stool frequency during weeks 11 and 12 were mean (SD), 2.8 (1.2) in Mesalazine and 2.7 (1.9) in placebo group with no significant group difference (95% confidence interval) 0.1 (-0.33,0.53); p=0.66. Mesalazine did not improve abdominal pain, stool consistency nor percentage with satisfactory relief compared to placebo during the last 2 weeks follow up. Conclusion: This study does not support any clinically meaningful benefit or harm of Mesalazine compared with placebo in unselected IBS with diarrhoea. More precise subtyping based on underlying disease mechanisms is needed to allow more effective targeting of treatment in IBS. (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT01316718

Documentary style as post-truth monstrosity in the mockumentary horror film

This article argues that the mockumentary horror film uses its stylistic hybridity to address the ontological and epistemic challenges posed to factual media in a post-truth and post-modern age through an analysis of the film Apollo 18 (Gonzalo López-Gallego, 2011). By adopting the visual aesthetics associated with factual media, and particularly those associated with post-9/11 surveillance culture, the form challenges the endurance of longstanding cultural structures (news, documentary, factual broadcasting) upon which our conceptualisation of the world is founded. In this respect, the boundary-crossing aesthetics parallel longstanding conceptualisation of the monster in horror. This aesthetic approach is most clearly manifested through the emulation of medium-specific textural artefacts which accrue across the film in a structured manner to create a situation in which the documentary investigation records its own destruction. The mockumentary horror film literalises the broader conceptual failure of the documentary project to work through and make sense of unresolved traumas and stand up to the threats posed by the epistemic horrors of a post-truth cultural turn

A study of the diagnostic accuracy of the PHQ-9 in primary care elderly

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The diagnostic accuracy of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for assessment of depression in elderly persons in primary care settings in the United States has not been previously addressed. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the test performance of the PHQ-9 for detecting major and minor depression in elderly patients in primary care.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A prospective study of diagnostic accuracy was conducted in two primary care, university-based clinics in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. Seventy-one patients aged 65 years or older participated; all completed the PHQ-9 and the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and underwent the Structured Clinical Interview for Depression (SCID). Sensitivity, specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and likelihood ratios (LRs) were calculated for the PHQ-9, the PHQ-2, and the 15-item GDS for major depression alone and the combination of major plus minor depression.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Two thirds of participants were female, with a mean age of 78 and two chronic health conditions. Twelve percent met SCID criteria for major depression and 13% minor depression. The PHQ-9 had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.87 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.74-1.00) for major depression, while the PHQ-2 and the 15-item GDS each had an AUC of 0.81 (95% CI for PHQ-2, 0.64-0.98, and for 15-item GDS, 0.70-0.91; <it>P </it>= 0.551). For major and minor depression combined, the AUC for the PHQ-9 was 0.85 (95% CI, 0.73-0.96), for the PHQ-2, 0.80 (95% CI, 0.68-0.93), and for the 15-item GDS, 0.71 (95% CI, 0.55-0.87; <it>P </it>= 0.187).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Based on AUC values, the PHQ-9 performs comparably to the PHQ-2 and the 15-item GDS in identifying depression among primary care elderly.</p

Constructing a climate change logic: An institutional perspective on the "tragedy of the commons"

Despite increasing interest in transnational fields, transnational commons have received little attention. In contrast to economic models of commons, which argue that commons occur naturally and are prone to collective inaction and tragedy, we introduce a social constructionist account of commons. Specifically, we show that actor-level frame changes can eventually lead to the emergence of an overarching, hybrid "commons logic" at the field level. These frame shifts enable actors with different logics to reach a working consensus and avoid "tragedies of the commons." Using a longitudinal analysis of key actors' logics and frames, we tracked the evolution of the global climate change field over 40 years. We bracketed time periods demarcated by key field-configuring events, documented the different frame shifts in each time period, and identified five mechanisms (collective theorizing, issue linkage, active learning, legitimacy seeking, and catalytic amplification) that underpin how and why actors changed their frames at various points in time-enabling them to move toward greater consensus around a transnational commons logic. In conclusion, the emergence of a commons logic in a transnational field is a nonlinear process and involves satisfying three conditions: (1) key actors view their fates as being interconnected with respect to a problem issue, (2) these actors perceive their own behavior as contributing to the problem, and (3) they take collective action to address the problem. Our findings provide insights for multinational companies, nation-states, nongovernmental organizations, and other stakeholders in both conventional and unconventional commons