Howells, Dickinson, Lewis: An exercise in reading the interracial canon

Howells, Dickinson, Lewis: An Exercise in Reading the Interracial Canon has two purposes. First, it offers detailed readings of three American novels: An Imperative Duty by William Dean Howells (1891), What Answer? by Anna Dickinson (1868), and Kingsblood Royal by Sinclair Lewis (1947). These readings are accomplished within the context of the interracial canon , a set of writings dealing with the expression of various aspects of interracial relationships. The interracial canon, as well as its specialized vocabulary and unique theoretical outlook, is roughly sketched in an introduction and several appendices

Clinical Experiences and Mediational Activities in Urban Teacher Preparation: Learning and Critical Consciousness

In a longitudinal design experiment conducted within an urban teacher preparation program, we employed ethnographic and auto-ethnographic methods to investigate the following research questions: 1) In what ways do clinical experiences (CEs) support prospective teachersΓÇÖ (PTs) development of knowledge, skills, and dispositions necessary for urban teaching? 2) How is it determined that adjustments need to be made to the design and facilitation of CEs, and what did these adjustments yield in terms of student learning outcomes? The program centers and leverages CEs in order for PTs to connect theory and practice, particularly an awareness of, and skills associated with, equitable teaching practices. In our two-year field-based program, CEs include community explorations, one-on-one and small group work with children, two student teaching practicums, and various school-community events. We describe the iterative design process undertaken to maximize the benefits yielded from CEs. After working with three cohorts of PTs for their entire professional training, we found that: 1) focusing attention on the intentional design and assessment of the mediational activities coupled with CEs leads to more nuanced understandings and enactments of culturally relevant teaching among PTs; and 2) CEs afford PTs abundant opportunities to shape complex identities as urban teachers. Specifically, we found that clinical experiences and corresponding mediational activities support PTsΓÇÖ understanding of families of color, allow them to recognize and address problematic schooling practices, and strengthen PTsΓÇÖ otherwise fragile critical consciousness. We conclude that strategic interventions can provide clarity for PTs around what has, indeed, been learned at particular intervals in the program, and what is left to be developed in the final practicum and beyond

Structural controls on the location, geometry and longevity of an intraplate volcanic system: the Tuatara Volcanic Field, Great South Basin, New Zealand

Intraplate volcanism is widely distributed across the continents, but the controls on the 3D geometry and longevity of individual volcanic systems remain poorly understood. Geophysical data provide insights into magma plumbing systems, but, as a result of the relatively low resolution of these techniques, it is difficult to evaluate how magma transits highly heterogeneous continental interiors. We use borehole-constrained 2D seismic reflection data to characterize the 3D geometry of the Tuatara Volcanic Field located offshore New Zealand's South Island and investigate its relationship with the pre-existing structure. This c. 270 km2 field is dominated by a dome-shaped lava edifice, surrounded and overlain by c. 69 volcanoes and >70 sills emplaced over 40 myr from the Late Cretaceous to Early Eocene (c. 85–45 Ma). The Tuatara Volcanic Field is located above a basement terrane boundary represented by the Livingstone Fault; the recently active Auckland Volcanic Field is similarly located along-strike on North Island. We suggest that the Livingstone Fault controlled the location of the Tuatara Volcanic Field by producing relief at the base of the lithosphere, thereby focussing lithospheric detachment over c. 40 myr, and provided a pathway that facilitated the ascent of magma. We highlight how observations from ancient intraplate volcanic systems may inform our understanding of active intraplate volcanic systems, including the Auckland Volcanic Field

Failure of interpolation in the intuitionistic logic of constant domains

This paper shows that the interpolation theorem fails in the intuitionistic logic of constant domains. This result refutes two previously published claims that the interpolation property holds.Comment: 13 pages, 0 figures. Overlaps with arXiv 1202.1195 removed, the text thouroughly reworked in terms of notation and style, historical notes as well as some other minor details adde

A comparison of maternal and newborn health services costs in Sindh Pakistan

Pakistani women suffer the highest rate of maternal mortality in South Asia. A lack of comprehensive knowledge about maternal and newborn health (MNH) services costs impedes policy decisions to maximize the benefit from existing, as well as emerging, MNH interventions in Pakistan. We compared MNH service costs at different levels of care. A cross-sectional survey was conducted during January to March 2016 as part of a large economic evaluation in Sindh, Pakistan. Health providers and facilities were selected from a sampling frame, inclusive of public and private sectors. This study utilized a broad perspective (i.e. costs to the health system and patients/families). The unit costs of MNH services were determined through a simultaneous allocation method in the public facilities; and patient billing department in the private facilities. Descriptive analysis was performed, and an analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was applied to compare overall mean costs both within and between health facilities. A total of 31 eligible health providers and facilities (n = 25 in private; n = 7 in public) were included in the final analysis. An ambulatory visit (AV) for routine antenatal care (ANC) costs $3.6 and$0.9 at secondary- and tertiary-level public facilities, respectively. In the private sector, the costs of an AV for ANC were slightly less ($2.8) at secondary-level and much higher ($6) at tertiary-level facilities compared to the public sector. Diagnostic test costs were much higher in private facilities. The average costs of inpatient admissions were $30.5 at general ward (GW), and$151 at the intensive care unit (ICU) in public facilities. In-patient admissions costs were lower such as $9.3 at GW and$36.5 at ICU in private facilities. Understanding cost is critical to guide decisions of resource allocation within the public sector; and risk mitigation for excessive OOP costs through third party payer for services in the private secto

Aspherical Supernova Shock Breakout and the Observations of Supernova 2008D

Shock breakout is the earliest, readily-observable emission from a core-collapse supernova explosion. Observing supernova shock breakout may yield information about the nature of the supernova shock prior to exiting the progenitor and, in turn, about the core-collapse supernova mechanism itself. X-ray Outburst 080109, later associated with SN 2008D, is a very well-observed example of shock breakout from a core-collapse supernova. Despite excellent observational coverage and detailed modeling, fundamental information about the shock breakout, such as the radius of breakout and driver of the light curve time scale, is still uncertain. The models constructed for explaining the shock breakout emission from SN 2008D all assume spherical symmetry. We present a study of the observational characteristics of {\it aspherical} shock breakout from stripped-envelope core-collapse supernovae. We conduct two-dimensional, jet-driven supernova simulations from stripped-envelope progenitors and calculate the resulting shock breakout X-ray spectra and light curves. The X-ray spectra evolve significantly in time as the shocks expand outward and are not well-fit by single-temperature and radius black bodies. The time scale of the X-ray burst light curve of the shock breakout is related to the shock crossing time of the progenitor, not the much shorter light crossing time that sets the light curve time scale in spherical breakouts. This could explain the long shock breakout light curve time scale observed for XRO 080109/SN 2008D.Comment: 16 pages, 29 figures. Accepted to Ap