Biological Evaluation Of Pldla Polymer Synthesized As Construct On Bone Tissue Engineering Application

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)In bone tissue engineering, cell-scaffold constructs are used to stimulate complete, functional tissue replacement that does not occur naturally in critical-size defects. In this report, we describe the application potential of poly (L-co-D,L lactic acid)-PLDLA 70/30, synthesized in house as constructs loaded with osteoblast-like cells on bone tissue engineering. In vitro biological results show that the porogen leached PLDLA scaffolds are cytocompatible with osteoblast cells, able to stimulate significant cells growth during the first 14 days of culture, during which the morphology and cell behavior of osteoblasts cultured on the scaffolds were monitored by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In vivo, PLDLA constructs were implanted in 5 mm bilateral critical-size defects created in rat-calvariae and then evaluated histologically 8 and 12 weeks after implantation. The histological results showed that PLDLA constructs supported the growth of new tissue, with a degradation rate close to that of native bone formation and decrease of inflammatory response over time of implantation. These data provide evidences that the synthesized PLDLA polymer has application potential as construct for bone tissue engineering.192300307Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2012/12081-2]National Institute of Science and Technology in Biofabrication (INCT-Biofabris)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Phenotype of autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia linked to chromosome 2

Summary We report the clinical features of 12 families with autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia (ADSP) linked to the SPG4 locus on chromosome 2p, the major locus for this disorder that accounts for ∼40% of the families. Among 93 gene carriers, 32 (34%) were unaware of symptoms but were clinically affected. Haplotype reconstruction showed that 90% of the asymptomatic gene carriers presented increased reflexes and/or extensor plantar responses independent of age at examination. The mean age at onset was 29 years, ranging from 1 to 63 years. Intra- as well as inter-familial variability of age at onset was important, but did not result from anticipation. Phenotype—genotype correlations and comparison with SPG3 and SPG5 families indicated that despite the variability of age at onset, SPG4 is a single genetic entity but no clinical features distinguish individual SPG4 patients from those with SPG3 or SPG5 mutation

Global patient outcomes after elective surgery: prospective cohort study in 27 low-, middle- and high-income countries.

BACKGROUND: As global initiatives increase patient access to surgical treatments, there remains a need to understand the adverse effects of surgery and define appropriate levels of perioperative care. METHODS: We designed a prospective international 7-day cohort study of outcomes following elective adult inpatient surgery in 27 countries. The primary outcome was in-hospital complications. Secondary outcomes were death following a complication (failure to rescue) and death in hospital. Process measures were admission to critical care immediately after surgery or to treat a complication and duration of hospital stay. A single definition of critical care was used for all countries. RESULTS: A total of 474 hospitals in 19 high-, 7 middle- and 1 low-income country were included in the primary analysis. Data included 44 814 patients with a median hospital stay of 4 (range 2-7) days. A total of 7508 patients (16.8%) developed one or more postoperative complication and 207 died (0.5%). The overall mortality among patients who developed complications was 2.8%. Mortality following complications ranged from 2.4% for pulmonary embolism to 43.9% for cardiac arrest. A total of 4360 (9.7%) patients were admitted to a critical care unit as routine immediately after surgery, of whom 2198 (50.4%) developed a complication, with 105 (2.4%) deaths. A total of 1233 patients (16.4%) were admitted to a critical care unit to treat complications, with 119 (9.7%) deaths. Despite lower baseline risk, outcomes were similar in low- and middle-income compared with high-income countries. CONCLUSIONS: Poor patient outcomes are common after inpatient surgery. Global initiatives to increase access to surgical treatments should also address the need for safe perioperative care. STUDY REGISTRATION: ISRCTN5181700