Whole tumor antigen vaccination using dendritic cells: Comparison of RNA electroporation and pulsing with UV-irradiated tumor cells

Because of the lack of full characterization of tumor associated antigens for solid tumors, whole antigen use is a convenient approach to tumor vaccination. Tumor RNA and apoptotic tumor cells have been used as a source of whole tumor antigen to prepare dendritic cell (DC) based tumor vaccines, but their efficacy has not been directly compared. Here we compare directly RNA electroporation and pulsing of DCs with whole tumor cells killed by ultraviolet (UV) B radiation using a convenient tumor model expressing human papilloma virus (HPV) E6 and E7 oncogenes. Although both approaches led to DCs presenting tumor antigen, electroporation with tumor cell total RNA induced a significantly higher frequency of tumor-reactive IFN-gamma secreting T cells, and E7-specific CD8+ lymphocytes compared to pulsing with UV-irradiated tumor cells. DCs electroporated with tumor cell RNA induced a larger tumor infiltration by T cells and produced a significantly stronger delay in tumor growth compared to DCs pulsed with UV-irradiated tumor cells. We conclude that electroporation with whole tumor cell RNA and pulsing with UV-irradiated tumor cells are both effective in eliciting antitumor immune response, but RNA electroporation results in more potent tumor vaccination under the examined experimental conditions

Tutela de las haciendas locales: inconstitucionalidad de la aplicación de la Ley 26.375

El presente trabajo contempla un punto sustancial dentro de la nueva ley penal tributaria: La incorporación de los tributos provinciales y de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires al ámbito de protección penal de dicha ley

Saint Dominique et les Dominicains dans les sermons d\u27Eudes de Châteauroux (1190?-1273) (II)

Annexes du mémoire

Saint Dominique et les Dominicains dans les sermons du cardinal Eudes de Châteauroux (1190?-1273) (I)

Mémoire du Master 1 Cultures de l\u27écrit et de l\u27image portant sur Saint Dominique et les Dominicains dans les sermons du cardinal Eudes de Châteauroux (1190?-1273)

Le numérique au service de l’exceptionnel à la bibliothèque du Service historique de la Défense : le rouleau de l’ordre de bataille de Vélez-Málaga

La bibliothèque du Service historique de la Défense, service à compétence nationale du ministère des Armées, a acquis en 2016 par voie de mécénat participatif un document exceptionnel. Entièrement manuscrit, le rouleau de l’ordre de bataille de Vélez-Málaga (vers 1715-1720) a rapidement fait l’objet d’une numérisation, tant pour des raisons de conservation que de médiation. L’imagerie numérique s’est imposée comme un moyen intéressant de médiation offrant une vraie plus-value scientifique et pédagogique à ce document si particulier. Outre sa valorisation, la numérisation du document offre des possibilités intéressantes du point de vue de la conservation, en proposant un substitut et en témoignant de l’état de conservation du rouleau. C’est enfin la recherche que sert l’imagerie numérique, en permettant un regard autre sur le document. Le croisement des informations et des données, rendu possible par le numérique, apporte également de nouvelles perspectives de recherche, même s’il faut être conscient des limites de l’imagerie numérique, quel que soit son domaine d’application. Car si l’imagerie numérique est un outil aux possibilités exceptionnelles, elle ne saurait être utilisée à bon escient sans une réflexion sur ses limites.The library of the Historical Service of Defence, a nationwide service of the Ministry of Armed forces, purchased an exceptional document thanks to a crowd-funding campaign in 2016. This 18th century manuscript, The Order of the Battle of Malaga roll (c. 1715-1720) was rapidly digitized for both mediation and conservation purposes. Digital imaging then emerged as an interesting way of mediation, offering a real scientific and pedagogic added value to such a document. Besides interpretation, digitisation allows interesting possibilities in terms of preservation, providing both a high-quality surrogate and a testimony of the manuscript’s state of conservation. Finally, digital imagery helps historical research offering a new point of view on the document. Digitisation has made the crossover of information and data possible, while underlining the limits of digital imagery, regardless of its field of application. Although digital imaging is a tool with exceptional potential, it cannot be used wisely without thinking about its limits

Building of the Amsterdam-Saint Paul plateau: A 10 Myr history of a ridge-hot spot interaction and variations in the strength of the hot spot source

International audienceThe Amsterdam-Saint Paul plateau results from a 10 Myr interaction between the South East Indian Ridge and the Amsterdam-Saint Paul hot spot. During this period of time, the structure of the plateau changed as a consequence of changes in both the ridge-hot spot relative distance and in the strength of the hot spot source. The joint analysis of gravity-derived crust thickness and bathymetry reveals that the plateau started to form at ~10 Ma by an increase of the crustal production at the ridge axis, due to the nearby hot spot. This phase, which lasted 3-4 Myr, corresponds to a period of a strong hot spot source, maybe due to a high temperature or material flux, and decreasing ridge-hot spot distance. A second phase, between ~6 and ~3 Ma, corresponds to a decrease in the ridge crustal production. During this period, the hot spot center was close to the ridge axis and this reduced magmatic activity suggests a weak hot spot source. At ~3 Ma, the ridge was located approximately above the hot spot center. An increase in the hot spot source strength then resulted in the building of the shallower part of the plateau. The variations of the melt production at the ridge axis through time resulted in variations in crustal thickness but also in changes in the ridge morphology. The two periods of increased melt production correspond to smooth ridge morphology, characterized by axial highs, while the intermediate period corresponds to a rougher, rift-valley morphology. These variations reveal changes in axial thermal structure due to higher melting production rates and temperatures

Boron-Based Functional Additives Enable Solid Electrolyte Interphase Engineering in Calcium Metal Battery

Calcium-metal batteries have received growing attention recently after several studies reporting successful metal plating and stripping with organic electrolytes. Given the low redox potential of metallic calcium, its surface is commonly covered by a passivation layer grown by the accumulation of electrolyte decomposition products. The presence of borate species in this layer has been shown to be a key parameter allowing for Ca2+ migration and favoring Ca electrodeposition. Here, boron-based additives are evaluated in order to tune the SEI composition, morphology, and properties. The decomposition of a BF3-based additive is studied at different potentiostatic steps and the resulting SEI layer was thoroughly characterized. SEI growth mechanism is proposed based on both experimental data and DFT calculations pointing at the formation of boron-crosslinked polymeric matrices. Several boron-based adducts are explored as SEI-forming additives for calcium-metal batteries paving the way to very rich chemistry leading to Ca2+ conducting SEI.Funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program H2020 are acknowledged: European Research Council (ERC-2016-STG, CAMBAT, grant agreement no. 715087 and ERC-2020-STG, HiPeR−F, grant agreement no. 950625) and H2020-MSCA-COFUND-2016 (DOC-FAM, grant agreement no. 754397). A.P. is grateful to the Spanish Ministry for Economy, Industry and Competitiveness Severo Ochoa Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D (CEX2019-000917-S). D.F., C.C. and R.D. thank the French National Research Agency (STORE-EX Labex Project ANR-10-LABX-76-01) for financial support. K.R. and M.L. gratefully acknowledge the research funding by the Slovenian Research Agency (P1-0045, N1-0189). Alistore-European Research Institute is gratefully acknowledged for financial support through the postdoc grant to C.B. The SR-FTIR experiments were performed at MIRAS beamline at ALBA Synchrotron with the collaboration of ALBA staff. All DFT calculations were carried out at the Wroclaw Centre for Networking and Supercomputing within grant no. 346.With funding from the Spanish government through the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000917-S).Peer reviewe

Incorporation of a Dietary Omega 3 Fatty Acid Impairs Murine Macrophage Responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis

by creating an immunosuppressive environment. We hypothesized that incorporation of n-3 PUFA suppresses activation of macrophage antimycobacterial responses and favors bacterial growth, in part, by modulating the IFNγ-mediated signaling pathway.. The fatty acid composition of macrophage membranes was modified significantly by DHA treatment. DHA-treated macrophages were less effective in controlling intracellular mycobacteria and showed impaired oxidative metabolism and reduced phagolysosome maturation. Incorporation of DHA resulted in defective macrophage activation, as characterized by reduced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-6 and MCP-1), and lower expression of co-stimulatory molecules (CD40 and CD86). DHA treatment impaired STAT1 phosphorylation and colocalization of the IFNγ receptor with lipid rafts, without affecting surface expression of IFNγ receptor. in response to activation by IFNγ, by modulation of IFNγ receptor signaling and function, suggesting that n-3 PUFA-enriched diets may have a detrimental effect on host immunity to tuberculosis