A mulher na natureza

MARTINHO ALVES DA COSTA JUNIOR reflete sobre a tradição dos nus alongados a partir da Baigneuse endormie, de Théodore Chasséria

História(s) de exposições : perspectivas e trajetórias

-

Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, ventilation management, and outcomes in invasively ventilated intensive care unit patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome: a pooled analysis of four observational studies

Background: Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, the practice of ventilation, and outcome in invasively ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain unexplored. In this analysis we aim to address these gaps using individual patient data of four large observational studies. Methods: In this pooled analysis we harmonised individual patient data from the ERICC, LUNG SAFE, PRoVENT, and PRoVENT-iMiC prospective observational studies, which were conducted from June, 2011, to December, 2018, in 534 ICUs in 54 countries. We used the 2016 World Bank classification to define two geoeconomic regions: middle-income countries (MICs) and high-income countries (HICs). ARDS was defined according to the Berlin criteria. Descriptive statistics were used to compare patients in MICs versus HICs. The primary outcome was the use of low tidal volume ventilation (LTVV) for the first 3 days of mechanical ventilation. Secondary outcomes were key ventilation parameters (tidal volume size, positive end-expiratory pressure, fraction of inspired oxygen, peak pressure, plateau pressure, driving pressure, and respiratory rate), patient characteristics, the risk for and actual development of acute respiratory distress syndrome after the first day of ventilation, duration of ventilation, ICU length of stay, and ICU mortality. Findings: Of the 7608 patients included in the original studies, this analysis included 3852 patients without ARDS, of whom 2345 were from MICs and 1507 were from HICs. Patients in MICs were younger, shorter and with a slightly lower body-mass index, more often had diabetes and active cancer, but less often chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure than patients from HICs. Sequential organ failure assessment scores were similar in MICs and HICs. Use of LTVV in MICs and HICs was comparable (42\ub74% vs 44\ub72%; absolute difference \u20131\ub769 [\u20139\ub758 to 6\ub711] p=0\ub767; data available in 3174 [82%] of 3852 patients). The median applied positive end expiratory pressure was lower in MICs than in HICs (5 [IQR 5\u20138] vs 6 [5\u20138] cm H2O; p=0\ub70011). ICU mortality was higher in MICs than in HICs (30\ub75% vs 19\ub79%; p=0\ub70004; adjusted effect 16\ub741% [95% CI 9\ub752\u201323\ub752]; p<0\ub70001) and was inversely associated with gross domestic product (adjusted odds ratio for a US$10 000 increase per capita 0\ub780 [95% CI 0\ub775\u20130\ub786]; p<0\ub70001). Interpretation: Despite similar disease severity and ventilation management, ICU mortality in patients without ARDS is higher in MICs than in HICs, with a strong association with country-level economic status. Funding: No funding

Cinema como resiliência - Shoah, de Claude Lanzmann

prov

The feminine figure in Theodore Chassériau¿s work : reflections about nude, victims and the fin de siècle

Orientador: Jorge Sidney Coli JuniorTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências HumanasResumo: Partindo do estudo das figuras femininas na obra de Théodore Chassériau (1819-1856), a tese se desenvolveu em três eixos precisos: o nu, as vítimas e uma notória sensibilidade decadentista e simbolista, própria da cultura do fim de século. O trabalho se interessa, sobretudo, pelas ramificações das obras e visa compreender como as imagens de Chassériau mantêm sua presença ou, por outro lado, quais são os limites de determinados aspectos de sua produção. O fator preponderante é a comparação das imagens, demonstrando elementos peculiares em cada uma analisada. Deste modo não se trata de abordagens cronológicas; antes, são temas que se desenvolvem a partir da obra do artista. A produção de Chassériau, que voltou com ímpeto aos holofotes a partir de 2002 (ano da grande retrospectiva de seu trabalho), permanece pouco estudada pelos especialistas. Mesmo o tema das figuras femininas, que em inúmeros artigos aparece claramente, nunca foi sistematizado nem confrontado com os diversos caminhos que a obra do artista pode sugerirAbstract: From the study of the feminine figures in Théodore Chassériau's (1819-1865) work, the thesis has been developed in three precise ways: the nude, the victims and an evident decadentist and simbolist sensibility, characteristic of the fin-de-siècle culture. Most of all, the study is interested in his works' ramifications and it aims to comprehend how Chassériau's images maintain their presence or, on the other hand, what are the limits of specific aspects of his production. The prevailing factor is the comparison of the images, showing peculiar elements in each one analyzed. Therefore it is not about chronological approaches; rather, those are themes that come forth from the artist's work. Chassériau's production, which returned with impetus to the spotlight since 2002 (year of the great retrospective of his work), remains little studied by the specialists. Even the theme of the female figures, which appears clearly in numerous papers, has never been systematized nor confronted with the several directions that the artist's work may suggestDoutoradoHistoria da ArteDoutor em Históri

Personagens grotescos: paralelos entre James Ensor e Edgar Allan Poe

O artigo trata da relação entre a literatura, através de dois contos de EdgarAllan Poe, e a gravura de James Ensor. Partindo de um paralelo entre imagem e texto,refletimos como a característica do artista belga contribui para uma intensificação narepresentação dos personagens do escritor de forma grotesca. Como conseguinte,instaura na gravura um ambiente de terror e ferocidade muito maior do que outrosartistas ilustradores de Allan Poe conceberam

Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, ventilation management, and outcomes in invasively ventilated intensive care unit patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome: a pooled analysis of four observational studies

Background: Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, the practice of ventilation, and outcome in invasively ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain unexplored. In this analysis we aim to address these gaps using individual patient data of four large observational studies. Methods: In this pooled analysis we harmonised individual patient data from the ERICC, LUNG SAFE, PRoVENT, and PRoVENT-iMiC prospective observational studies, which were conducted from June, 2011, to December, 2018, in 534 ICUs in 54 countries. We used the 2016 World Bank classification to define two geoeconomic regions: middle-income countries (MICs) and high-income countries (HICs). ARDS was defined according to the Berlin criteria. Descriptive statistics were used to compare patients in MICs versus HICs. The primary outcome was the use of low tidal volume ventilation (LTVV) for the first 3 days of mechanical ventilation. Secondary outcomes were key ventilation parameters (tidal volume size, positive end-expiratory pressure, fraction of inspired oxygen, peak pressure, plateau pressure, driving pressure, and respiratory rate), patient characteristics, the risk for and actual development of acute respiratory distress syndrome after the first day of ventilation, duration of ventilation, ICU length of stay, and ICU mortality. Findings: Of the 7608 patients included in the original studies, this analysis included 3852 patients without ARDS, of whom 2345 were from MICs and 1507 were from HICs. Patients in MICs were younger, shorter and with a slightly lower body-mass index, more often had diabetes and active cancer, but less often chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure than patients from HICs. Sequential organ failure assessment scores were similar in MICs and HICs. Use of LTVV in MICs and HICs was comparable (42·4% vs 44·2%; absolute difference -1·69 [-9·58 to 6·11] p=0·67; data available in 3174 [82%] of 3852 patients). The median applied positive end expiratory pressure was lower in MICs than in HICs (5 [IQR 5-8] vs 6 [5-8] cm H2O; p=0·0011). ICU mortality was higher in MICs than in HICs (30·5% vs 19·9%; p=0·0004; adjusted effect 16·41% [95% CI 9·52-23·52]; p<0·0001) and was inversely associated with gross domestic product (adjusted odds ratio for a US$10 000 increase per capita 0·80 [95% CI 0·75-0·86]; p<0·0001). Interpretation: Despite similar disease severity and ventilation management, ICU mortality in patients without ARDS is higher in MICs than in HICs, with a strong association with country-level economic status