Diagnose nutricional e qualidade de mudas de Psidium cattleianum var. cattleianum Sabine em diferentes substratos

The objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of different substrates with sewage sludge on nutrients concentration in biomass of Psidium cattleianum var. cattleianum Sabine seedlings. The treatments are different substrate compositions containing sewage sludge. After 180 days of seeding, biometric characteristics were measured: aerial part height, root system length, stem base diameter, number of leaves, fresh and dry aerial biomass, root and total biomass. Dickson's Quality Index was calculated and nutrients concentration was determined in root system, stem and leaves. It was observed that macronutrients accumulation in root followed the order: N> Ca> Mg> P> K> S; in stem: Ca> N> K> Mg> P> S and in leaves: N> Ca> K> Mg> P> S, were sulfur was less concentrated in three vegetative structures. Micronutrients accumulation in root followed the order: Fe> Zn> Mn> Cu> B> Mo, and in stem and leaves: Fe> Zn> B> Mn> Cu> Mo. It is noted that in three vegetative structures, iron and zinc were more concentrated, and molybdenum less concentrated. Sewage sludge use as a substrate proved to be effective in viable seedlings production for planting in field.O objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes substratos, que continham lodo de esgoto, no teor de nutrientes na biomassa de mudas de Psidium cattleianum var. cattleianum Sabine. Os tratamentos consistiram em diferentes composições de substrato contendo lodo de esgoto. Decorridos 180 dias após a semeadura foram mensuradas as características biométricas: altura da parte aérea e comprimento do sistema radicular, diâmetro do colo, número de folhas, biomassa fresca e seca da parte aérea, biomassa radicular e total. Foi calculado o Índice de Qualidade de Dickson e também foi quantificado o teor de macro e micronutrientes do sistema radicular, do caule e das folhas. Observou-se que o acúmulo dos macronutrientes no sistema radicular seguiu a ordem de N> Ca> Mg> P> K> S; no caule Ca> N> K> Mg> P> S e nas folhas N> Ca> K> Mg> P> S, sendo que nas três estruturas vegetativas o enxofre esteve menos concentrado. Para os micronutrientes, o acúmulo no sistema radicular se deu com Fe> Zn> Mn> Cu> B> Mo, no caule e nas folhas Fe> Zn> B> Mn> Cu> Mo. Nota-se que nas três estruturas vegetativas analisadas, ferro e zinco estiveram mais concentrados e molibdênio menos concentrado. O uso de lodo de esgoto como substrato se mostrou efetivo na produção de mudas viáveis para plantio em campo

DIFERENTES PROPORÇÕES DE LODO DE ESGOTO NA QUALIDADE DE MUDAS Schinus terebinthifolius RADDI

Considerando o problema do tratamento final do esgoto e a necessidade crescente de produção de mudas florestais, este estudo objetivou avaliar o efeito de diferentes substratos contendo Lodo de Esgoto (LE) na produção de mudas de Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi. Quatro tratamentos foram implementados contendo diferentes proporções de LE. Após 180 dias de semeadura, foram avaliados macro e micronutrientes das mudas, assim como medidas morfométricas. Também, o Índice de Qualidade de Dickson (IQD) foi calculado, quantificando o teor de macro e micronutrientes da raiz e parte aérea. Nossos resultados mostraram um aumento nos níveis de Zn, Cu, Fe e Mn nos substratos testados com a adição de LE. Para as mudas dispostas aos tratamentos com LE, ocorreu um acúmulo de macronutrientes no sistema radicular na ordem N>K>Ca>P>Mg>S e na parte aérea Ca>N>K>Mg>P>S. Para os micronutrientes, o acúmulo no sistema radicular ocorreu Fe>Zn>Mn>B>Cu e na parte aérea Fe>Mn>Zn>B>Cu. S. terebinthifolius mostrou eficácia para a produção de mudas de qualidade com os tratamentos compostos de 40% LE + 60% composto orgânico e 60% LE + 40% composto orgânico. Assim, a utilização de LE como substrato se mostrou eficiente na obtenção de mudas viáveis para o plantio no campo

Efeito do lodo de esgoto na produção e nutrição de mudas de angico-vermelho (Parapiptadenia rigida (Benth.) Brenan)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different substrates, containing sewage sludge, on macro and micronutrients content in plant tissues (root and shoot) of Parapiptadenia rigida (Benth.) Brenan seedlings. The treatments were: T1 (50% commercial substrate Plantmax® + 50% equine bed (organic compost), T2 (20% sewage sludge + 80% organic compost), T3 (40% sewage sludge + 60% organic compost) and T4 (60% sewage sludge + 40% organic compost). From 180 days since sowing the biometric characteristics were measured: shoot height, shoot diameter, shoot dry weight and root density, also the Dickson´s quality index. It was determined the contents of macro and micronutrients in the root system and in the aerial part of the cultivated seedlings. It was observed that the increasing order of the total content of the macronutrients evaluated in the root system was N > K > Mg > Ca > P > S and in the aerial part Ca > N > K > P > Mg > S; for the micronutrients, the content in both the root and shoot systems was Fe > Zn > Mn > B > Cu. The use of sewage sludge as substrate provided better nutritional quality seedlings with better growth and increase of aerial and root biomass.O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes substratos, contendo lodo de esgoto, no teor de macro e micronutrientes em tecidos vegetais (raiz e parte aérea) de mudas de Parapiptadenia rigida (Benth.) Brenan. Os tratamentos foram: T1 (50% substrato comercial Plantmax® + 50% cama de equino (composto orgânico), T2 (20% lodo de esgoto + 80% composto orgânico), T3 (40% lodo de esgoto + 60% composto orgânico) e T4 (60% lodo de esgoto + 40% composto orgânico). Decorridos 180 dias após a semeadura foram mensuradas as características biométricas de altura da parte aérea, diâmetro do colo, massa seca da parte aérea e radicular, e o índice de qualidade de Dickson. Também foram determinados os teores de macro e micronutrientes no sistema radicular e na parte aérea das mudas cultivadas. Observou-se que a ordem crescente do teor total dos macronutrientes avaliados no sistema radicular foi de N > K > Mg > Ca > P > S e na parte aérea Ca > N > K > P > Mg > S; para os micronutrientes, o teor no sistema radicular e na parte aérea foi de  Fe > Zn > Mn  > B > Cu. O uso do lodo de esgoto como substrato proporcionou mudas de melhor qualidade nutricional, com melhor crescimento e aumento de biomassa aérea e radicular

Utilização de substratos orgânicos na produção de mudas de Eugenia uniflora L.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes substratos na produção e qualidade de mudas de Eugenia uniflora DC. Os tratamentos foram compostos por quatro substratos, sendo: S1) 100 % substrato comercial Plantmax®; S2) 50% substrato comercial Plantmax® + 50% substrato cama de equino; S3) 50% substrato comercial Plantmax® + 50% resíduo do tratamento de esgoto e S4) 50% substrato comercial Plantmax® + 50% resíduo do tratamento de água., sendo realizado análise de alguns parâmetros físico-químico dos substratos. Os tratamentos foram arranjados em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições com 25 sementes cada. A cada três dias durante 90 dias foram realizadas a contagem de plântulas que emergiram para posterior calculo de índice de velocidade de emergência. Decorridos 180 dias após a semeadura foi calculada a porcentagem de emergência e as demais características biométricas, tais como: comprimento da parte aérea e do sistema radicular, diâmetro do coleto, número de folhas, massas fresca e seca da parte aérea, radicular e total e, ainda foi calculado o índice de qualidade de Dickson, bem como foi quantificado o teor de alguns macro e micronutrientes do sistema radicular, do caule e das folhas. Diante dos resultados obtidos foi observado que o substrato composto de resíduo do tratamento de água se mostrou efetivo a obtenção de mudas viáveis para plantio a campo

Use of mixed microbial cultures to protect recycled concrete surfaces: A preliminary study

Funding Information: Funding: This work was supported by the Project BIA2017-83526-R “Self-healing processes using bio-polymers in recycled concrete and mortars”, funded by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. This work was also supported by the Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability Unit (CERIS), Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit (UCIBIO-REQUIMTE) and Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV-REQUIMTE), which are financed by national funds from FCT (UIDB/04625/2020, UIDB/04378/2020 and UID/QUI/50006/2020, respectively) and co-financed by the ERDF under the PT2020 Partnership. Paulo C. Lemos acknowledges the support by FCT for contract IF/01054/2014/CP1224/CT0005.One approach to tackle the problems created by the vast amounts of construction and demolition waste (CDW) generated worldwide while at the same time lengthening concrete durability and service life is to foster the use of recycled aggregate (RA) rather than natural aggregate (NA). This article discusses the use of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs)-producing mixed microbial cultures (MMCs) to treat the surface of recycled concrete with a view to increase its resistance to watermediated deterioration. The microorganisms were cultured in a minimal medium using waste pinewood bio-oil as a carbon source. Post-application variations in substrate permeability were determined with the water drop absorption and penetration by water under pressure tests. The significant reduction in water absorption recorded reveals that this bioproduct is a promising surface treatment for recycled concrete.publishersversionpublishe

Use of Bioproducts Derived from Mixed Microbial Cultures Grown with Crude Glycerol to Protect Recycled Concrete Surfaces

This work was supported by the Project BIA2017-83526-R "Self-healing processes using bio-polymers in recycled concrete and mortars", funded by the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities. This work was also supported by the Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability Unit (CERIS), Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit (UCIBIO-REQUIMTE) and Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV-REQUIMTE), which are financed by national funds from FCT (UIDB/04378/2020, UIDB/04625/2020 and UID/QUI/50006/2020, respectively) and co-financed by the ERDF under the PT2020 Partnership. Paulo C. Lemos acknowledge the support by FCT for contract IF/01054/2014/CP1224/CT0005.The large increase in the world population has resulted in a very large amount of construction waste, as well as a large amount of waste glycerol from transesterification reactions of acyl glycerides from oils and fats, in particular from the production of biodiesel. Only a limited percentage of these two residues are recycled, which generates a large management problem worldwide. For that reason, in this study, we used crude glycerol as a carbon source to cultivate polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)-producing mixed microbial cultures (MMC). Two bioproducts derived from these cultures were applied on the surface of concrete with recycled aggregate to create a protective layer. To evaluate the effect of the treatments, tests of water absorption by capillarity and under low pressure with Karsten tubes were performed. Furthermore, SEM-EDS analysis showed the physical barrier caused by biotreatments that produced a reduction on capillarity water absorption of up to 20% and improved the impermeability of recycled concrete against the penetration of water under pressure up to 2.7 times relative to the reference. Therefore, this bioproduct shown to be a promising treatment to protect against penetration of water to concrete surfaces increasing its durability and useful life.publishersversionpublishe

Use of Mixed Microbial Cultures to Protect Recycled Concrete Surfaces: A Preliminary Study

[EN] One approach to tackle the problems created by the vast amounts of construction and demolition waste (CDW) generated worldwide while at the same time lengthening concrete durability and service life is to foster the use of recycled aggregate (RA) rather than natural aggregate (NA). This article discusses the use of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs)-producing mixed microbial cultures (MMCs) to treat the surface of recycled concrete with a view to increase its resistance to water- mediated deterioration. The microorganisms were cultured in a minimal medium using waste pinewood bio-oil as a carbon source. Post-application variations in substrate permeability were determined with the water drop absorption and penetration by water under pressure tests. The significant reduction in water absorption recorded reveals that this bioproduct is a promising surface treatment for recycled concrete.N

Use of Bioproducts Derived from Mixed Microbial Cultures Grown with Crude Glycerol to Protect Recycled Concrete Surfaces

[EN] The large increase in the world population has resulted in a very large amount of con- struction waste, as well as a large amount of waste glycerol from transesterification reactions of acyl glycerides from oils and fats, in particular from the production of biodiesel. Only a limited percentage of these two residues are recycled, which generates a large management problem worldwide. For that reason, in this study, we used crude glycerol as a carbon source to cultivate polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)-producing mixed microbial cultures (MMC). Two bioproducts derived from these cultures were applied on the surface of concrete with recycled aggregate to create a protective layer. To evaluate the effect of the treatments, tests of water absorption by capillarity and under low pressure with Karsten tubes were performed. Furthermore, SEM-EDS analysis showed the physical barrier caused by biotreatments that produced a reduction on capillarity water absorption of up to 20% and improved the impermeability of recycled concrete against the penetration of water under pressure up to 2.7 times relative to the reference. Therefore, this bioproduct shown to be a promising treatment to protect against penetration of water to concrete surfaces increasing its durability and useful life

Mycophagy of Attini Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae) with Agaricales Mushrooms (Basidiomycota, Agaricomycetes) at Riparian Zone in Southern Brazil: Micofagia de Formigas Attini (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae) com Cogumelos Agaricales (Basidiomycota, Agaricomycetes) em Zonas Ripárias no Sul do Brasil

Attini ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae) have great diversity in exploiting food resources. However, little is known about the mycophagy involving Agaricales fungi (Basidiomycota, Agaricomycetes). Moreover, these associations are of paramount importance in riparian zones, as the interaction among soil, fauna and flora is fundamental to the maintenance of these environments. Thus, the aim of this study was to describe cases of mycophagy between ants and fungi in order to understand how these associations occur in riparian zones. To this, collections were made between 2021-2022 in the valleys of the Rio Vacacaí, Rio dos Sinos and Rio Pardo in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The samples were analyzed for characters macro and microscopic and identified taxonomically. Mycophagy activities of six species of ants worker were cataloged, among them Acromyrmex niger, Acromyrmex versicolor, Tranopelta gilva, Tranopelta subterranea, Pheidole flavens and Mycetosoritis hartmanni, which included in their diet the mushrooms Agaricus rufoaurantiacus, Macrocybe titans, Agrocybe underwoodii, Dactylosporina steffenii, Lepiota micropholis and Neopaxillus echinospermus, respectively. The observed interactions demonstrate the dispersal of fungal spores through ant body structures, such as legs, antennae, thorax and abdomen; basidiomata as aliment source, such as pileus, lamellae and stipe; and generalized and specialized levels of predation on various fungi structures. Our results demonstrate unprecedented mycophagous relationships and show that Agaricales fungi can be considered a food source for Attini in riparian zones in Brazil south

A relationship between fungi (Basidiomycota, Agaricomycetes, Agaricales) and nutrient content in riparian area of reforestation with Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden (Myrtaceae) in southern Brazil

ABSTRACT Due the tolerance in soil degraded, Eucalyptus is widely used in reforestation area. This study aims to evaluate the fungi that use Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden as substrate in reforestation area in southern Brazil. Fungi were identified and macronutrient and micronutrient contents were evaluated in order to understand the relationship between the fungi and the substrate. There were 200 specimens found, categorized into 25 species belonging to 10 families of Agaricales (Basidiomycota, Fungi). Substrates used by fungi were branches, roots, stems, humus, and soil. Macronutrients mean level found in fungi followed the order Ca>K>P>Mg, and micronutrients S>Fe>Mn>Cu/B>Zn. C:N ratio mean was 13:1, associated with substrate degradation potential, since the enzymatic production of fungi is affected by disposition of these nutrients. The data obtained in this study allowed a better understanding of fungi associated with the exotic arboreal substrate, and their nutritional significance in reforestation area