Desenvolvimento de processos cromatográficos para retenção de amônia em água produzida- relatório final

A extração do petróleo em áreas offshore é, em geral, acompanhada de água de formação, originária do reservatório. Esta água tem características oleosas com um alto teor de sais o que constitui um sério problema ambiental. O nível de concentração de amônia nesta água é superior ao limite máximo permitido para descarte. A principal dificuldade na remoção de amônia da água produzida é o alto nível de íons sódio e a presença de muitos outros íons interferentes encontrados nesta água. Este relatório apresenta a consolidação do estudo da remoção de amônia de água produzida utilizando zeólitas e adsorventes comerciais

Branched-chain amino acids do not improve muscle recovery from resistance exercise in untrained young adults.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of BCAA supplementation on muscle recovery from resistance exercise (RE) in untrained young adults. Twenty-four young adults (24.0 ± 4.3 years old) were assigned to 1 of 2 groups (n = 12 per group): a placebo-supplement group or a BCAA-supplement group. The groups were supplemented for a period of 5 days. On day 1 and 3, both groups underwent a RE session involving two lower body exercises (hack squat and leg press) and then were evaluated for muscle recovery on the 3 subsequent moments after the RE session [30 min (day 3), 24 h (day 4), and 48 h (day 5)]. The following indicators of muscle recovery were assessed: number of repetitions, rating of perceived exertion in the last RE session, muscle soreness and countermovement jump (CMJ) during recovery period (30 min, 24 h, and 48 h after RE session). Number of repetitions remained unchanged over time (time, P > 0.05), while the rating of perceived exertion increased (time, P  0.05). Muscle soreness increased (time, P  0.05). The results indicate that BCAA supplementation does not improve muscle recovery from RE in untrained young adults

The origin of pinking phenomena in white wines: An update

Pinking is the term used to describe the appearance of a salmon-red blush color that may appear in bottled white wines, produced solely from white grape varieties. It is perceived as an undesirable phenomenon for both, wine consumers and winemakers. Although with seasonal and regional variations, the pinking has been observed worldwide, with predominance in white wines produced from Vitis vinifera L. grape varieties. The pinking origin of Síria white grapes has been studied in detail and it has been shown that the origin of the pinking phenomenon in white wines from Vitis vinifera L. Síria grape variety are anthocyanins, mainly malvidin-3-O-glucoside. The minimum amount of anthocyanins needed for the visualization of the wine pink color was 0.3 mg/L. Further studies in other white monovarietal wines that occasionally suffer from this defect, like white wine from Malvasia Fina grape variety, Loureiro grape variety, Sauvignon Blanc grape variety and Albariño grape variety, have shown that this wines produced from this grape varieties also show low amounts of anthocyanins, mainly malvidin-3-O-glucoside. These results show that the presence of low but visible detectable anthocyanins as the origin of the pinking phenomena is also observed in other white grape varieties besides that of Síria

Trocas gasosas em dois híbridos de palma de óleo submetidos ao déficit hídrico progressivo.

No estado do Pará, áreas que apresentam período seco definido ao longo do ano são consideradas inapropriadas ao cultivo do dendezeiro. Portanto, a busca por genótipos mais tolerantes à seca é uma estratégia interessante. Assim, esta pesquisa objetivou avaliar a magnitude das alterações nas trocas gasosas e na eficiência instantânea do uso da água em dois híbridos de palma de óleo (BRS Manicoré e BRS C2501) submetidos a um déficit hídrico progressivo do solo a fim de avaliar suas capacidades de tolerância à seca. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado comparando-se plantas irrigadas e não irrigadas de ambos os híbridos por um período de 57 dias. Foi observado que o déficit hídrico promoveu reduções significativas no potencial hídrico foliar, cujo valor mínimo foi de -4,40 MPa para o BRS C2501 e de -4,03MPa para o BRS Manicoré. Ambos os híbridos apresentaram reduções significativas em todas as variáveis de trocas gasosas avaliadas, porém, essas reduções foram mais expressivas para o BRS C 2501, principalmente a partir do 28o dia de experimento. Os resultados indicam que o BRS C 2501 apresenta uma maior sensibilidade ao déficit hídrico que o BRS Manicoré

Alterações morfométricas em dois híbridos de palma de óleo submetidos ao déficit hídrico.

O déficit hídrico causa significativos prejuízos ao crescimento vegetativo das plantas. A magnitude desses danos pode variar dentre cultivares, variedades e híbridos de uma mesma espécie. Nesta pesquisa, objetivou-se quantificar as variações no crescimento de dois híbridos de palma de óleo (BRS C 2501 e BRS Manicoré) a fim de comparar suas respostas ao déficit hídrico e inferir acerca de suas tolerâncias ao estresse. Os híbridos foram avaliados sob plena irrigação e sob déficit hídrico induzido pela suspensão completa da irrigação. As avaliações foram realizadas no momento da diferenciação dos tratamentos (Dia 0) e após 57 dias da suspensão da irrigação (Dia 57), quando as plantas estressadas de ambos os híbridos apresentaram médias de potencial hídrico foliar na antemanhã de -4,0 MPa. O estresse causou reduções significativas na altura das plantas e no número de folíolos, com efeito na área foliar total e massa seca de folhas. Foi observado ainda menor massa seca de caule e raízes nas plantas estressadas de ambos os híbridos. Conclui-se que ambos os híbridos apresentaram similares padrões de resposta ao estresse aplicad

Gender and obesity modify the impact of salt intake on blood pressure in children

BACKGROUND:Most modifiable risk factors for high blood pressure (BP), such as obesity and salt intake, are imprinted in childhood and persist into adulthood. The aim of our study was to evaluate the intake of salt in children and to assess its impact on BP taking into account gender and nutritional status. METHODS:A total of 298 children aged 8-9 years were evaluated in a cross-sectional study. Anthropometric measurements and 24-h ambulatory monitoring were performed, and salt intake was determined by 24-h urinary sodium excretion. RESULTS:The average estimated salt intake among the entire cohort of children enrolled in the study was 6.5 ± 2.2 g/day, and it was significantly higher in boys than in girls (6.8 ± 2.4 vs. 6.1 ± 1.9 g/day, respectively; p = 0.018) and in overweight/obese children than in normal weight children (6.8 ± 2.4 vs. 6.1 ± 2.0 g/day, respectively; p = 0.006). Salt intake exceeded the upper limit of the US Dietary Reference Intake in 72% of children. Daytime systolic BP increased by 1.00 mmHg (95% confidence interval 0.40-1.59) per gram of daily salt intake in overweight/obese boys, but not in normal weight boys or in girls. CONCLUSIONS:Our results demonstrate an extremely high salt intake among 8- to 9-year-old Portuguese children. Higher salt intake was associated with higher systolic BP in boys, specifically in those who were overweight/obese. Longitudinal studies are needed to further evaluate the causal relationship between obesity and high BP and the mechanism by which salt intake modulates this relationship. Nonetheless, based on our results, we urge that dietary salt reduction interventions, along with measures to fight the global epidemic of obesity, be implemented as early in life as possible

Energy dependence of Cronin momentum in saturation model for p+Ap+A and A+AA+A collisions

We calculate $\sqrt{s}$ dependence of Cronin momentum for $p+A$ and $A+A$ collisions in saturation model. We show that this dependence is consistent with expectation from formula which was obtained using simple dimentional consideration. This can be used to test validity of saturation model (and distinguish among its variants) and measure $x$ dependence of saturation momentum from experimental data.Comment: LaTeX2e, 12 pages, 8 figure

Measurement and Interpretation of Fermion-Pair Production at LEP energies above the Z Resonance

This paper presents DELPHI measurements and interpretations of cross-sections, forward-backward asymmetries, and angular distributions, for the e+e- -> ffbar process for centre-of-mass energies above the Z resonance, from sqrt(s) ~ 130 - 207 GeV at the LEP collider. The measurements are consistent with the predictions of the Standard Model and are used to study a variety of models including the S-Matrix ansatz for e+e- -> ffbar scattering and several models which include physics beyond the Standard Model: the exchange of Z' bosons, contact interactions between fermions, the exchange of gravitons in large extra dimensions and the exchange of sneutrino in R-parity violating supersymmetry.Comment: 79 pages, 16 figures, Accepted by Eur. Phys. J.