Aplicación educativa para niños preescolares

Diagramas y TablasEl diseño de la aplicación educativa para niños preescolares nativa para sistema operativo android nace con la finalidad de aprovechar la gran difusión de dispositivos móviles a favor de la educación y empleando las habilidades de los niños en el uso de estas herramientas. Se busca que los usuarios que tienen acceso a estos dispositivos y quieran aprender sobre los temas propios de la educación preescolar, para que fortalezcan y estimulen sus habilidades cognoscitivas lo hagan. Dicho estudio fue realizado mediante la metodología de investigación-Acción, debido a que nos permite identificar el problema de investigación para diagnosticarlo, diseñando nuevas propuestas para finalmente aplicarlas y evaluarlas. En cuanto a la metodología de desarrollo de software se implemento la metodología XP extreme programming, dado que es el más destacado de los procesos agiles de desarrollo de software. Como resultado a esta investigación es el desarrollo de la aplicación (Aprendamos) bajo el entorno eclipse, apta para ser instalada en dispositivos móviles.The design of the educational app for preschool children for operating system android, arise to make good use of the big diffusion of mobile devices in favor of the education, and to use the skills of the children in this operating system. It is looked that the users, who have access to these devices and want to learn about the proper topics of the preschool education, can make use of this app, so they can fortify and stimulate its cognitive skills. The mentioned study was realized through the methodology of Action research, due to it allows us to identify the problem of investigation, to diagnose the problem, and to design a new proposals to apply and finally to evaluate it. Regarding the methodology of development of software, is implemented the methodology XP extreme programming, since it is most outstanding from the agile software development. The result of this investigation is the development of the app (Aprendamos). An app made in the software Eclipse, that is suitable to be installed in mobile devices

The disappearance of childhood. Two theoretical perspectives

RESUMEN: En los estudios sobre la infancia hay posturas que plantean su desaparición, a partir de las transformaciones que los niños han tenido desde finales del siglo XX. El presente texto expone dos perspectivas para entender este fenómeno: la sociológica deNeil Postman, en Disappearance of childhood, quien considera que la televisión borra las fronteras entre los niños y los adultos, y la psicoanalítica, a partir de la noción de tabú de Sigmund Freud, que permite afirmar que no hay tal desaparición, sino un imperativo cultural que plantea, como ideal, la búsqueda de la satisfacción inmediata.ABSTRACT: Among the different studies on childhood, there are some views that suggest the disappearance of infancy due to the transformations that children have undergone since the end of the XXth century. This text presents two perspectives for the understanding of this phenomenon: The sociological perspective expressed in Disappearance of childhood by Neil Postman, who considers that television removes the frontiers between children and adults, and the psychoanalytical one, based on Sigmund Freud’s notion of taboo, which leads to conclude that such a disappearance does not exist, but rather a cultural imperative that proposes, as an ideal, the search for immediate satisfaction

Mejora de la experiencia del usuario del transporte público para personas con discapacidad de Ciudad Juárez – México

[ES] En el presente documento se expone una investigación derivada del estudio del transporte público adaptado a fin de detectar áreas de oportunidad dirigidas a la mejora de la experiencia de los usuarios de este servicio en Ciudad Juárez, México. La investigación de carácter exploratorio obtuvo el soporte de la Dirección General de Desarrollo Social de la ciudad, que posibilitó el desarrollo integral de un trabajo de campo en los espacios urbanos y vehículos involucrados al sistema de transporte. Con la información recabada se hizo un análisis clasificando los datos en ocho estructuras del contexto: espacial, sistémica, social, situacional, económica, política, cultural y, temporal. Con apoyo de un diagrama, se identificaron áreas de oportunidad en este contexto para mejorar la experiencia del usuario, haciendo un listado de recomendaciones a corto, mediano y largo plazo. Los resultados obtenidos presentaron que el mayor índice de oportunidades de mejora fue en las estructuras sistémica y situacional, que tras los análisis permitió desarrollar propuestas de diseño adecuadas a la necesidad real.Pereira Machado, LA.; Miranda Bañuelos, M.; Cortés Saenz, D. (2021). Mejora de la experiencia del usuario del transporte público para personas con discapacidad de Ciudad Juárez – México. En Proceedings INNODOCT/20. International Conference on Innovation, Documentation and Education. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 591-599. https://doi.org/10.4995/INN2020.2020.11876OCS59159

Calidad del agua de la quebrada la Yuca en el campus social de la Universidad de la Amazonia, Florencia (Caquetá) Colombia

En los estudios de bioindicación de calidad de aguas los macroinvertebrados acuáticos son los organismos más utilizados, gracias a las ventajas que ofrecen (poca movilidad, de buen tamaño, fácil identificación, entre otras). En este estudio se plantó caracterizar la comunidad de macroinvertebrados acuáticos presentes en dos puntos de la quebrada la Yuca, ubicados dentro del campus social de la Universidad de la Amazonia (Florencia – Caquetá), con el objetivo de evaluar los posibles impactos generados al ecosistema hídrico y la calidad del mismo. Las colectas se realizaron en los meses de febrero, junio, agosto y noviembre del año 2014. Un total 831 individuos se colectaron, pertenecientes a 8 órdenes y distribuidos en 25 familias; los órdenes más diversos fueron Trichoptera con 32% y Ephemeroptera con 16%; la familia Perlidae se presentó en todas las épocas de muestreo y fue la más abundante con 101 individuos. Con base a los valores obtenidos en las variables físicoquímicas, el caudal y los índices biológicos BMWP y EPT, se determinó que la calidad de agua en las dos estaciones estudiadas de la quebrada la Yuca, es aceptable y han sido ligeramente contaminadas, lo que se confirma al evidenciar pocos efectos de perturbación

Experiences of dialogue between the teacher and the student : agreements and disagreements

RESUMEN: El presente artículo hace parte de los resultados de la investigación “Concepciones de diálogo que tienen los maestros y maestras del Valle de Aburrá en la relación con sus alumnos en el contexto escolar”, en la que, luego del análisis de ocho entrevistas a profesores en todos los niveles de escolaridad, emergieron como producto, entre otras, tres categorías: Dialogamos para ayudar a los estudiantes, rostros del estudiante en el maestro, y el estudiante que sorprende al maestro. Categorías alrededor de las cuales gravitan las experiencias que estos profesores cuentan sobre los momentos de diálogo con sus estudiantes. Lo primero y más interesante de la investigación es evidenciar, de manera clara, que en muchas ocasiones en el vínculo maestro-alumno hay un supuesto: todos estamos de acuerdo en relación a qué es dialogar con los estudiantes. Desnaturalizar este supuesto es lo que se pretendió en esta investigación, al emerger de manera clara que en el vínculo maestro-alumno es necesario contar con que hay dos sujetos, y que, por lo tanto, la armonía no es precisamente lo que más se experimenta.ABSTARCT: This paper shows the finding of the research “Conceptions of dialogue with the teachers of Valle de Aburrá in the relationship with their students in the school context”, the analysis of the interviews conducted to eight teachers at all levels of education showed as a result, among others, three categories: Let´s engage students in dialogue, Student’s faces on the teacher and The student who surprises the teacher. Categories that tell teachers ´experiences about moments of dialogue with their students. The first and most interesting aspect of this research is to make clear, that in the student-teacher relationship exists a frequent assumption: We all agree in what dialogue with students is. This research was aimed to denature this assumption, showing in these findings that in the teacher-student relationship there are two subjects, and harmony is not precisely present in this relation

Concepções sobre o castigo em professores y professoras: entre a demissão e o desejo

AbstractWhat conceptions of school punishment do the teachers have? This question is the focus of the research which is the source of this article. In it is told that teachers are detached between their conscious and unconscious conceptions about punishment. Such conceptions would do that a teacher resigned of his / her duties when to punish he / she enjoys making suffering a child, or when he / she paralyzes and can not transmit a rule; or they would do that a teacher responds with his / her desire and can act without falling on powerlessness or despair, against all the impossibilities attached to education.¿Qué concepciones del castigo escolar tienen los maes-tros? Esa pregunta es el foco de la investigación que sirve de fuente para este artículo. En él se afirma que los maes-tros están divididos entre sus concepciones conscientes e inconscientes sobre el castigo. Tales concepciones harían que el maestro dimita de su función cuando al castigar goza  haciendo  sufrir  al  infante  o  cuando  se  paraliza  y no  puede  transmitir  la  norma;  o  también,  harían  que el  maestro  responda  con  su  deseo  y  pueda  actuar  sin caer en la impotencia y la desesperanza, a pesar de las imposibilidades inherentes a la educación. Palabras claveCastigo escolar, deseo, norma.ResumoQue concepções de castigo escolar têm os professores? Essa pergunta é o foco da pesquisa que serve como fonte para esse artigo. Nela se afirma que os professores estão divididos entre suas concepções conscientes e inconscientes sobre o castigo. Tais concepções fariam que o professor demita de sua função quando ao castigar desfruta fazendo sofrer ao infante ou quando se paralisa e não pode transmitir a norma; ou também, fariam que o professor responda com seu desejo e possa agir sem cair na impotência e a desesperança, ainda diante das impossibilidades inerentes à educação

Conceptions about punishment in female and male teachers : between resignation and desire

RESUMEN: ¿Qué concepciones del castigo escolar tienen los maestros? Esa pregunta es el foco de la investigación que sirve de fuente para este artículo. En él se afirma que los maestros están divididos entre sus concepciones conscientes e inconscientes sobre el castigo. Tales concepciones harían que el maestro dimita de su función cuando al castigar goza haciendo sufrir al infante o cuando se paraliza y no puede transmitir la norma; o también, harían que el maestro responda con su deseo y pueda actuar sin caer en la impotencia y la desesperanza, a pesar de las imposibilidades inherentes a la educación.ABSTARCT: What conceptions of school punishment do the teachers have? This question is the focus of the research which is the source of this article. In it is told that teachers are detached between their conscious and unconscious conceptions about punishment. Such conceptions would do that a teacher resigned of his / her duties when to punish he / she enjoys making suffering a child, or when he / she paralyzes and can not transmit a rule; or they would do that a teacher responds with his / her desire and can act without falling on powerlessness or despair, against all the impossibilities attached to education

Is the meaning of subjective well-being similar in Latin American countries? A cross-cultural measurement invariance study of the WHO-5 well-being index during the COVID-19 pandemic

"Background: There is an urgent need to assess changes in well-being on a multinational scale during the COVID-19 pandemic, thus culturally valid scales must be available. Methods: With this in mind, this study examined the invariance of the WHO well-being index (WHO-5) among a sample of 5183 people from 12 Latin Americans countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay). Results: The results of the present study indicate that the WHO-5 is strictly invariant across samples from different Latin American countries. Furthermore, the results of the IRT analysis indicate that all items of the WHO-5 were highly discriminative and that the difficulty required to respond to each of the five items is ascending. Additionally, the results indicated the presence of moderate and small size differences in subjective well-being among most countries. Conclusion: The WHO-5 is useful for assessing subjective well-being in 12 Latin American countries during the COVID-19 pandemic, since the differences between scores can be attributed to differences in well-being and not in other characteristics of the scale.

What Is the Support for Conspiracy Beliefs About COVID-19 Vaccines in Latin America? A Prospective Exploratory Study in 13 Countries

Conspiracy theories about COVID-19 began to emerge immediately after the first news about the disease and threaten to prolong the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic by limiting people’s willingness of receiving a life-saving vaccine. In this context, this study aimed to explore the variation of conspiracy beliefs regarding COVID-19 and the vaccine against it in 5779 people living in 13 Latin American countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela) according to sociodemographic variables such as gender, age, educational level and source of information about COVID-19. The study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic between September 15 and October 25, 2021. The Spanish-language COVID-19 Vaccine Conspiracy Beliefs Scale (ECCV-COVID) and a sociodemographic survey were used. The results indicate that, in most countries, women, people with a lower educational level and those who receive information about the vaccine and COVID-19 from family/friends are more supportive of conspiracy ideas regarding the COVID-19 vaccine. In the case of age, the results vary by country. The analysis of the responses to each of the questions of the ECCV-COVID reveals that, in general, the countries evaluated are mostly in some degree of disagreement or indecision regarding conspiratorial beliefs about COVID-19 vaccines. The findings could help open further study which could support prevention and treatment efforts during the COVID-19 pandemic

Design and Cross-Cultural Invariance of the COVID-19 Vaccine Conspiracy Beliefs Scale (COVID-VCBS) in 13 Latin American Countries

"Aims: Over the past 2 years, the vaccine conspiracy beliefs construct has been used in a number of different studies. These publications have assessed the determinants and outcomes of vaccine conspiracy beliefs using, in some cases, pooled data from different countries, and compared the results across these contexts. However, studies often do not consider measurement invariance as a necessary requirement for comparative analyses. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the crosscultural MI of the COVID-19 Vaccine Conspiracy Beliefs Scale (COVID-VCBS) in 12 Latin American countries. Methods: Confirmatory factor analysis, item response theory analysis and alignment method were applied to test measurement invariance in a large number of groups. Results: The COVID-VCBS showed robust psychometric properties and measurement invariance for both factor loadings and crosstabs. Also, a higher level of acceptance of conspiracy beliefs about vaccines is necessary to respond to higher response categories. Similarly, greater acceptance of conspiracy beliefs about COVID-19 vaccines was related to a lower intention to be vaccinated. Conclusion: The results allow for improved understanding of conspiracy beliefs about COVID-19 vaccines in the countries assessed; furthermore, they provide researchers and practitioners with an invariant measure that they can use in cross-cultural studies in Latin America. However, further studies are needed to test invariance in other countries, with the goal of developing a truly international measure of conspiracy beliefs about COVID-19 vaccines.