Survival Analysis in Tourism Demand: The length of stay in Latin American destinations

This article analyses the determinants of the length of stay of Portuguese tourists taking vacations in Latin America, based on a questionnaire distributed on flights of a Portuguese charter airline, Air Luxor. A survival model is adopted to measure the relationship between vacation length and covariates. It is concluded that the most affluent tourists, who are motivated by culture, climate and security, will have the longest stays. The policy implication is derived.duration models; heterogeneity; tourism; Latin America.

Tourism Demand in Portugal: Market Perspectives

Tourism has experienced different levels of development in the different regions of Portugal. To frame this development, several panel data models were estimated. The main objective is to explain the evolution of overnight stays by nationality in each region. Secondary data from 2000 to 2010 was used. The analysis includes the main tourism markets, such as the United Kingdom, Germany, the Netherlands, Ireland, France and Spain. Tourism literature suggests that, among others, the main determinants of tourism demand are Income (GDP), population, tourist´s income by place of residence, households’ consumption, unemployment rate, inflation rate, compensation of employees, comparative prices and households’ investment rate. It is observed that, although significant, the explanatory power of these variables varies according to the origin and the destination region considered

Tourists' shopping experiences at street markets: cross-country research

Considering shopping as one of the most important motivations for travel, this study focuses on tourists' shopping attitudes towards street markets while on a vacation. Specifically, this study proposes and tests a conceptual model that assesses how price consciousness and perceived utility, as critical drivers of attitudes in street markets, may influence tourist satisfaction and future intentions. As opposed to the structure of previous research, this study is also based on a cross-national comparative study conducted among foreign tourists visiting Algarve, Portugal and Bodrum, Turkey, in the summer of 2011. Study findings confirm that price and utility perceptions are the most important marketplace cues and higher level of satisfaction moderates tourists' willingness to return or recommend street markets in both destinations. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Glossário de ciência aberta

O conhecimento é um bem público, pertença de todos e que a todos deve beneficiar e ser concedido. A sociedade e as comunidades de investigação associadas à produção e à curadoria do conhecimento devem assumir um papel responsável e fundamental na sua promoção, valorização, divulgação e partilha. Nos casos em que a investigação é realizada com recurso a financiamento público, este papel é reforçado em consequência da obrigatoriedade da sua divulgação e disponibilização. Por outro lado, a ciência tem um caráter público, porque o conhecimento é de todos e para todos. O conceito de Ciência Aberta tem ganho destaque e assumido uma posição sólida na sociedade no seguimento das políticas desenvolvidas por agências públicas de financiamento de I&D de vários países, das recomendações da Comissão Europeia e das iniciativas levadas a cabo em Portugal, ao nível das instituições de ensino superior, da Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia e da tutela (Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e do Ensino Superior). A promoção do conceito «Conhecimento Para Todos» e, por arrastamento, os pressupostos da Ciência Aberta, tendem a reforçar o impacto social da investigação, reconhecendo-a e valorizando-a. A Ciência Aberta é, assim, um modelo de prática científica mais abrangente, uma vez que acontece em todas as etapas da investigação e possibilita o acesso aberto a publicações, dados de investigação e inclui a interoperabilidade da infraestrutura científica, as metodologias partilhadas e possibilita a utilização de ferramentas para data mining. A Ciência Aberta contribui para a melhoria da qualidade da ciência, permitindo o aumento das colaborações que envolvem a investigação e a sociedade em geral e um maior impacto socioeconómico da pesquisa pública. No âmbito da efetiva implementação da Ciência Aberta em Portugal, a Secretaria de Estado da Ciência e do Ensino Superior desenvolveu um conjunto de iniciativas, de entre as quais a divulgação e a formação assumem especial relevância. Nesse âmbito surgiu a proposta da construção de um glossário da Ciência Aberta. O convite foi endereçado a duas bibliotecárias de instituições do ensino superior universitário e politécnico. O presente estudo apresenta o projeto e o trabalho desenvolvido entre maio e setembro de 2016. Foram compiladas 166 designações com entradas pelo idioma português, preferencialmente, seguidas da respetiva expressão inglesa; privilegiou-se a entrada no idioma inglês sempre que a expressão portuguesa resultava em completo desconhecimento para o leitor/investigador. O Glossário de Ciência Aberta, disponível em http://www.ciencia-aberta.pt/glossario, segue os princípios da transparência, do acesso aberto, da reutilização da informação e do uso de ferramentas web. As definições apresentadas são da responsabilidade de inúmeras entidades oficiais e científicas, identificadas com um link direcionado à informação original. Na recolha de informação foram privilegiados os conteúdos em formato digital. São apresentadas relações de associação entre expressões e salvaguarda-se, sempre que possível, a expressão original. Este é um projeto work-in-progress, pelo que são bem-vindos mais e novos conteúdos através do email ciê[email protected]

A procura turística no Algarve

Tese de doutoramento, Economia, Unidade de Ciências Económicas e Empresariais, Universidade do Algarve, 2000O turismo tem merecido uma maior atenção, por parte de vários investigadores, nas diferentes ciências, nos últimos 50 anos. O impacto do turismo é o tema mais comum em todos os estudos, variando apenas pelas diferentes ênfases consideradas: económicas, sociais, culturais e ambientais

Species of Bursaphelenchus Fuchs, 1937 (Nematoda: Parasitaphelenchidae) associated with maritime pine in Portugal

Summary – Species of Bursaphelenchus associated with maritime pine, Pinus pinaster, from Portugal – within and outside the quarantine restricted demarcated zone of B. xylophilus – are described and characterised both morphologically (LM and SEM) and with the use of molecular biology (ITS-RFLP).A new staining method for spicules is proposed. Species include B. hellenicus, B. hylobianum, B. leoni, B. pinophilus, B. sexdentati, B. tusciae, B. teratospicularis, B. xylophilus and Bursaphelenchus sp. 1. Bursaphelenchus hylobianum was collected from the insect Hylobius sp. The most frequent species in the demarcated zone, besides B. xylophilus, was Bursaphelenchus sp. 1. Morphological characterisation is compared with the original descriptions and discussed. The differentiation between B. pinophilus and B. sexdentati is not clear in the literature and is discussed. Since differentiation of B. xylophilus (mucronate form) from B. mucronatus, and B. pinophilus from B. sexdentati, as well as their juvenile forms, is almost im possible on the basis of morphological features, a molecular approach based on ITS-RFLPs was used. Ribosomal DNA containing the 5.8S gene, the internal transcribed spacer region 1 and 2, and partial regions of 18S and 28S gene were amplified by PCR. Restriction profiles of the amplified products generated species-specific differences, leading to the unambiguous identification of isolates belonging to B. xylophilus, B. mucronatus, B. sexdentati, B. tusciae and B. hylobianum

Brand assets: a prerequisite to promoting a developing destination

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to develop and test a practical model to identify a developing destination's assets. Using the existing destination branding concepts and theories in the research, this study aims to identify how the assets of a developing destination differ from those of a developed destination.Design/methodology/approachThe study followed the "practical model for determining destination assets" proposed in the article. The first stage includes collecting the information on the tourism potential of the destination. In the second stage, in-depth interviews were carried out with information carriers of a developing destination and analyzed by highlighting keywords in the responses. The following stages include the questionnaire survey, factor analysis and segmentation analysis.FindingsThe following conclusions can be drawn from the results of the study. First, the assets of a developing destination, recreation areas, attractive visitor facilities and obligatory additional services are rational. Second, the assets used for destination branding are based on their unique character. According to the analysis results, the Almaty region's unique character is associated with natural resources. The direction of recreation in the Almaty region boils down to two components: cognitive tourism and sports tourism.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic. First, given that external tourism faced significant constraints during the pandemic, we must acknowledge that a study of destination branding may be more appropriate before or after the pandemic. Second, the survey was conducted online in connection with the introduction of quarantine measures. Third, the assets of a developing destination were selected based on the results of the interviews. In future studies, including other attributes may allow the identification of new assets for branding.Practical implicationsThe practical destination branding model presented in the study has practical implications for destination authorities. Using the proposed model, assets of other destinations can be identified. In addition, the results of the analysis of the Almaty region as a developing destination will be effective for destination authorities in developing their tourism programs. Recreation areas, attractive tourism facilities and obligatory additional services can be used in destination branding.Social implicationsThis study drew on the experience of the population's ambassador activity. The in-depth interview was obtained from the destination's tourism informants, and the survey aimed to identify public opinion. The residents who participated in the interview and survey perform an ambassadorial function in strengthening the identified assets of the destination and implementing tourism programs. Accordingly, there is a growing sense of pride in being a resident of the destination.Originality/valueThe study has both theoretical and practical significance with the following results. First, it provides insights on enhancing public participation from the beginning of the destination branding process and respecting the continuation of its ambassadorial activities, provided that the identified destination assets are rational. Second, destination asset associations for developing destinations are presented. Third, the study creates a realistic picture of the Almaty region as a destination for visitors and destination authorities.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

From Motivations to Yield Paths of Tourism Development: The Case of the Algarve

This paper develops new measurements of tourist yield in the context of the Algarve, which is a sun and sand destination where tourism demand persistently grows, in spite of the signs of destination maturity. This growth contradicts the essence of maturity and drove this research, which attempts to identify the critical preferences which are able to improve destination positioning. According to Pine and Gilmore (1999) in the emerging experience economy, consumers seek unique experiences. This new demand for unique and memorable experiences leads destinations to offer a distinct value-added provision for products and services when they have already achieved a consistent, high level of functional quality. New tourists are more concerned with sophistication, specialization and innovation of tourism products. Thus, because tourism products contain a large number and range of attributes, each tourist experience becomes distinct. Moreover, the overall attractiveness of a destination has long been regarded as a critical criterion in tourism consumer decision making and choice (Crouch, 2011). Hence, the uniqueness of those experiences relies on the declared tourists preferences, which will be treated as motivations in this research (Decrop, 2000; Goodall, 1991; Hsu et al, 2009). However, another stream of research shows that motivations are of paramount importance for the positioning of destinations (Seddighi & Theocharous, 2002), and that these motivations are dynamic (Crompton & McKay, 1997). Motivations and preferences are treated as indistinguishable constructs since we only focus on attributes of the destination and therefore, the tangibility of these motivations may be assumed as preferences. Despite the slight difference outlined by Decrop (2000), it seems widely accepted that motivations may be regarded as comprising two stages, the first one is the driving force that pushes tourists to travel and the other, related with the destination and type of holidays chosen,44 are the so called pull motivations that in essence reflect tourists preferences. Under this theoretical background, pull motivations may be assumed as a proxy for preferences.The contribution of this study lies in the scope of microeconomic theories, namely stated preference theory, which is a descriptive theory in the field of consumer choice as well as in a wide range of other applications within choice-theoretic economics (Hands, 2012). Thus, following this theoretical framework could help the understanding of the role of behavioural variables as proxies of tourist yield when managing and planning tourism destinations for higher competitiveness. On the other hand, this paper also has important managerial implications, in particular in new tourist yield measures for marketing/promotion of the destination.This research starts by exploring the way international tourists value a number of attributes comprised by the Algarve. After identification of the most important attributes, these were evaluated based on the number of overnight stays per tourist and tourist daily spending. This research is supported by secondary data, provided by a self-administrated questionnaire survey applied to international tourists during their departure from Faro international airport. The methodology included a first selection of the motivations that present higher heterogeneity acrossyears. The sample consists of 15542 observations collected from 2007 to 2010 (Correia & Pimpão, 2012). Therefore, this paper identifies the high-yield visitors by country based on tourist preferences. Previous results reveal that preferences with higher yield expenditure markets are: sightseeing and excursions; information available; price; accommodation; and gastronomy. In this light, the aims of this study are: - to identify patterns of value-added given by international tourists for each motivation; - to analyse the high-yield visitors by motivations across nationalities; - to contribute to the understanding of how the yield potential of different source markets and segments can underpin destination marketing by destination sector organisations