Synthesis and characterization of phosphated crosslinked chondroitin sulfate: potential ingredient for specific drug delivery

Debido a su biodegradabilidad varios polímeros naturales, tales como los polisacáridos, han sido propuestos como excipientes adecuados para desarrollar sistemas de liberación controlada para la administración oral. El sulfato de condroitina (ChS), un mucopolisácarido altamente soluble en agua, fue reticulado con trimetafosfato de sodio (TMFS) para conseguir una reducción de su hidrosolubilidad. ChS fue tratado com TMFS en tres diferentes proporciones, en dispersión acuosa a pH 12 por 2 h a temperatura ambiente y en seguida secado. Los productos obtenidos fueron analizados por FTIR y DSC y comparados con los correspondientes análisis de ChS. Los resultados mostraron que (a) el TMFS efectivamente retícula al ChS y (b) los productos reticulados presentan una disminución de la absorción de agua, comparado con el polisacárido natural ChS. Estos resultados permiten concluir que el ChS modificado presenta buenas perspectivas para su uso en formulaciones farmacéuticas de liberación modificada.Because of its biodegradability several natural polymers, such as polysaccharides, have been proposed as appropriate excipients for the development of controlled drug delivery systems for oral administration. Chondroitin sulfate (ChS), a highly water-soluble mucopolysaccharide, was crosslinked with trisodium trimetaphosphate (TMFS) in order to achieve a reduction of its hydro-solubility. ChS was treated with TMFS in three different proportions, in aqueous dispersion at pH 12 for 2 h at room temperature, and then dried. The products obtained were analysed by their Fourier-transformed infrared (FTIR) spectra and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves, which were compared with the analyses of a natural ChS control sample. The results showed that (a) TMFS has effective crosslinking action over ChS and (b) the crosslinked products have reduced water affinity, compared to the natural polysaccharide. These results lead to the conclusion that modified ChS presents good perspectives for its use on modified release pharmaceutical formulations.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Synthesis and characterization of phosphated crosslinked chondroitin sulfate: potential ingredient for specific drug delivery

Debido a su biodegradabilidad varios polímeros naturales, tales como los polisacáridos, han sido propuestos como excipientes adecuados para desarrollar sistemas de liberación controlada para la administración oral. El sulfato de condroitina (ChS), un mucopolisácarido altamente soluble en agua, fue reticulado con trimetafosfato de sodio (TMFS) para conseguir una reducción de su hidrosolubilidad. ChS fue tratado com TMFS en tres diferentes proporciones, en dispersión acuosa a pH 12 por 2 h a temperatura ambiente y en seguida secado. Los productos obtenidos fueron analizados por FTIR y DSC y comparados con los correspondientes análisis de ChS. Los resultados mostraron que (a) el TMFS efectivamente retícula al ChS y (b) los productos reticulados presentan una disminución de la absorción de agua, comparado con el polisacárido natural ChS. Estos resultados permiten concluir que el ChS modificado presenta buenas perspectivas para su uso en formulaciones farmacéuticas de liberación modificada.Because of its biodegradability several natural polymers, such as polysaccharides, have been proposed as appropriate excipients for the development of controlled drug delivery systems for oral administration. Chondroitin sulfate (ChS), a highly water-soluble mucopolysaccharide, was crosslinked with trisodium trimetaphosphate (TMFS) in order to achieve a reduction of its hydro-solubility. ChS was treated with TMFS in three different proportions, in aqueous dispersion at pH 12 for 2 h at room temperature, and then dried. The products obtained were analysed by their Fourier-transformed infrared (FTIR) spectra and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves, which were compared with the analyses of a natural ChS control sample. The results showed that (a) TMFS has effective crosslinking action over ChS and (b) the crosslinked products have reduced water affinity, compared to the natural polysaccharide. These results lead to the conclusion that modified ChS presents good perspectives for its use on modified release pharmaceutical formulations.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Equação de Cockcroft – GAULT (CG) e Clearence de Creatinina (CC) / Between Cockcroft – GAULT (CG) and Creatinine Clearence

Os rins têm importante função no organismo, pois esses são responsáveis pela filtração do sangue, sendo assim, eles retiram as substâncias tóxicas e os excessos que existem em nosso corpo. A insuficiência renal crônica é um dos exemplos de patologia que podem afetar a função renal, levando a complicações renais como perda progressiva e irreversível, considerada atualmente como um problema de Saúde Pública mundial. Se houver suspeita de Doença Renal Crônica, exames clínicos de triagem devem ser solicitados, como o de Elementos e Sedimentos Anormais (EAS), a dosagem sérica de creatinina e a uréia. Em caso de resultados com alterações, é solicitado o EAS 24 horas que determina o Clearence de Creatinina (CC) e a Taxa de Filtração Glomerular pelas equações. O objetivo da pesquisa foi correlacionar à equação de Cockcroft-Gault (CG) e o CC em resultados de exames. Esta pesquisa é caracterizada como descritiva, analítica, com abordagem quantitativa. Realizada por meio da análise de dados de pacientes atendidos e cadastrados no sistema de informação de um laboratório particular no município de Santarém, Estado do Pará, onde se obteve os seguintes resultados: O modelo de regressão de Deming mostrou uma correlação estatisticamente significativa onde o r = 0,505 entre o cleareance dosado e o estimado da equação de CG. A análise correta dos exames em concordância com a clínica do paciente é essencial para a obtenção de um diagnostico preciso e correto, para que assim se escolha a melhor intervenção e favoreça a qualidade de vida do paciente.AbstractThe kidney shave an important function in the organism. Therefore, they remove the toxic substances and excesses that exist in our body. The chronic renal failure is a pathology of examples that may affect renal function, leading to kidney complications as progressive and irreversible loss, currently considered as a public health problem worlwide, if there is suspicion of renal chronic disease, clinical exams must be requested, as the Abnormal Elements of the Sediments, the serum creatinine and urea. In case of alteration in results. The Abnormal Elements of the Sediments (AES) exam is requested 24 hours that determines the Creatinine Clearence (CC) and Glomerular Filtration Rate by equations. The objective of there search was to correlate the Crockcroft – Gault’s equation and CC in exams results. This research is characterized as descriptive, analytical, with a quantitative approach. Performed by analysis data met and patients registered in the information system of a private laboratory in the borough of Santarém, Pará estate, where the following results was obtained. Deming’s model showed a statistically significant correlations where r= 0,505 closed clearance between the CG and the estimated equation. The correct analysis of the exams in accordance with the patient’s clinical is essencial to obtain a accurate and correct diagnosis, so that you choose the best intervention and promotes the patient’s quality of life

Na/K-ATPase as a target for anticancer drugs: studies with perillyl alcohol

Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-19T13:49:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1914 bytes, checksum: 7d48279ffeed55da8dfe2f8e81f3b81f (MD5) diogo_garcia_etal_IOC_2015.pdf: 3737573 bytes, checksum: 1b84623ec38ac4ed0b27482edd41330e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal Fluminense. Instituto de Biologia. Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular. Niterói, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal Fluminense. Instituto de Biologia. Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular. Niterói, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal Fluminense. Instituto de Biologia. Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular. Niterói, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Química. Departamento de Química Analítica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Química. Departamento de Química Analítica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. Departamento de Medicina Interna. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal Fluminense. Instituto de Biologia. Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular. Niterói, RJ, Brasil.Background: Na/K-ATPase (NKA) is inhibited by perillyl alcohol (POH), a monoterpene used in the treatment of tumors, including brain tumors. The NKA α1 subunit is known to be superexpressed in glioblastoma cells (GBM). This isoform is embedded in caveolar structures and is probably responsible for the signaling properties of NKA during apoptosis. In this work, we showed that POH acts in signaling cascades associated with NKA that control cell proliferation and/or cellular death. Methods: NKA activity was measured by the amount of non-radioactive Rb+ incorporation into cultured GBM cell lines (U87 and U251) and non-tumor cells (mouse astrocytes and VERO cells). Cell viability was measured by lactate dehydrogenase levels in the supernatants of POH-treated cells. Activated c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK) and p38 were assessed by western blotting. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry, and the release of interleukins was measured by ELISA. Results: All four cell types tested showed a similar sensitivity for POH. Perillic acid (PA), the main metabolite of POH, did not show any effect on these cells. Though the cell viability decreased in a dose-dependent manner when cells were treated with POH, the maximum cytotoxic effect of PA obtained was 30% at 4 mM. 1.5 mM POH activated p38 in U87 cells and JNK in both U87 and U251 cells as well as mouse astrocytes. Dasatinib (an inhibitor of the Src kinase family) and methyl β-cyclodextrin (which promotes cholesterol depletion in cell membranes) reduced the POH-induced activation of JNK1/2 in U87 cells, indicating that the NKA-Src complex participates in this mechanism. Inhibition of JNK1/2 by the JNK inhibitor V reduced the apoptosis of GBM cells that resulted from POH administration, indicating the involvement of JNK1/2 in programmed cell death. 1.5 mM POH increased the production of interleukin IL-8 in the U251 cell supernatant, which may indicate a possible strategy by which cells avoid the cytotoxic effects of POH. Conclusions: A signaling mechanism mediated by NKA may have an important role in the anti-tumor action of POH in GBM cells

A multicenter study of oral sarcomas in Brazil

Aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of oral sarcomas from geographic regions of Brazil. Materials and methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on biopsies obtained from January 2007 to December 2016 at twelve Brazilian oral and maxillofacial pathology centres. Gender, age, evolution time, clinical aspects, tumour location, tumour size at diagnosis, radiographic aspects and histopathological diagnosis were evaluated. Data were analysed using descriptive statistical methods. ResultsFrom 176,537, a total of 200 (0.11%) oral sarcomas were reported, and the most prevalent were osteosarcomas (74 cases; 37%) and Kaposi's sarcomas (52 cases; 26%). Males were more affected than females at a mean age of 32.2 years old (range of 3-87 years). The most common symptoms were swelling localised pain and bleeding at a mean evolution time of 5.14 months (range <1-156 months). The lesions were mostly observed in the mandible (90 cases; 45%), with a mean tumour size of 3.4 cm (range of 0.3-15 cm). Radiographically, the lesions presented a radiolucent aspect showing cortical bone destruction and ill-defined limits. ConclusionsOral sarcomas are rare lesions with more than 50 described subtypes. Osteosarcomas and Kaposi's sarcomas were the main sarcomas of the oral cavity in Brazil261435

Qualidade de vida pós-unidades de terapia intensiva: protocolo de estudo de coorte multicêntrico para avaliação de desfechos em longo prazo em sobreviventes de internação em unidades de terapia intensiva brasileiras

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de incapacidades físicas, cognitivas e psiquiátricas, fatores associados e sua relação com qualidade de vida em pacientes sobreviventes de internação em unidades de terapia intensiva brasileiras. Métodos: Um estudo de coorte prospectivo multicêntrico está sendo conduzido em dez unidades de terapia intensiva adulto clínico-cirúrgicas representativas das cinco regiões geopolíticas do Brasil. Pacientes com idade ≥ 18 anos que receberam alta das unidades de terapia intensiva participantes e permaneceram internados na unidade de terapia intensiva por 72 horas ou mais, nos casos de internação clínica ou cirúrgica de urgência, e por 120 horas ou mais, nos casos de internação cirúrgica eletiva, serão incluídos de forma consecutiva. Estes pacientes serão seguidos por 1 ano, por meio de entrevistas telefônicas estruturadas 3, 6 e 12 meses pós-alta da unidade de terapia intensiva. Dependência funcional, disfunção cognitiva, sintomas de ansiedade e depressão, sintomas de estresse pós-traumático, qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde, re-hospitalizações e mortalidade em longo prazo serão avaliados como desfechos. Discussão: O presente estudo tem o potencial de contribuir para o conhecimento a respeito da prevalência e dos fatores associados à síndrome pós-cuidados intensivos na população de pacientes adultos sobreviventes de internação em unidades de terapia intensiva brasileiras. Ademais, a associação entre síndrome pós-cuidados intensivos e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde poderá ser estabelecida