The bioactivity of plant extracts against representative bacterial pathogens of the lower respiratory tract

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Lower respiratory tract infections are a major cause of illness and death. Such infections are common in intensive care units (ICU) and their lethality persists despite advances in diagnosis, treatment and prevention. In Mexico, some plants are used in traditional medicine to treat respiratory diseases or ailments such as cough, bronchitis, tuberculosis and other infections. Medical knowledge derived from traditional societies has motivated searches for new bioactive molecules derived from plants that show potent activity against bacterial pathogens. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hexanic, chloroformic (CLO), methanolic (MET) and aqueous extracts from various plants used in Mexican traditional medicine on various microorganisms associated with respiratory disease.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>thirty-five extracts prepared from nine plants used in Mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of respiratory infections were evaluated against 15 control bacterial species and clinical isolates.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Both chloroformic (CLO) and methanolic (MET) extracts of <it>Larrea tridentata </it>were active against Methicillin-resistant <it>S. aureus</it>, <it>B. subtilis </it>and <it>L. monocytogenes</it>. A MET extract of <it>L. tridentata </it>was also active against <it>S. aureus</it>, <it>S. pneumoniae</it>, <it>S. maltophilia</it>, <it>E. faecalis </it>and <it>H. influenzae </it>and the CLO extract was active against <it>A. baumannii</it>. An Aqueous extract of <it>M. acumitata </it>and a MET extract of <it>N. officinale </it>were active against <it>S. pneumoniae</it>. CLO and MET extracts of <it>L. tridentata </it>were active against clinical isolates of <it>S. aureus</it>, <it>S. pneumoniae </it>and <it>E. faecalis</it>.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Overall, our results support the potential use of <it>L. tridentata </it>as a source of antibacterial compounds.</p

El Mindfulness como Herramienta de Apoyo para el Cumplimiento de la Norma Mexicana 035-STPS-2018

The present study explores the potential of mindfulness as a supportive tool for compliance with the Norma 035-STPS-2018, which focuses on the identification and prevention of psychosocial risk factors in the workplace. Through a comprehensive literature review and collection of empirical evidence, the analysis examines how mindfulness practice can contribute to promoting healthy work environments by reducing stress, enhancing mindfulness, and fostering the emotional well-being of employees. The positive effects of mindfulness on managing occupational stress and promoting harmonious interpersonal relationships are highlighted as essential elements for norm compliance. The findings underscore the importance of integrating mindfulness approaches into workplace health prevention and promotion programs as a strategy to address psychosocial challenges and enhance the quality of work life.El presente estudio explora el potencial del mindfulness como herramienta de apoyo para el cumplimiento de la Norma 035-STPS-2018, la cual se enfoca en la identificación y prevención de factores de riesgo psicosocial en el entorno laboral. A través de una revisión exhaustiva de literatura y la recopilación de evidencia empírica, se analiza cómo la práctica del mindfulness puede contribuir a la promoción de ambientes laborales saludables, reduciendo el estrés, mejorando la atención plena y fomentando el bienestar emocional de los trabajadores. Se destacan los efectos positivos del mindfulness en la gestión del estrés laboral y la promoción de relaciones interpersonales más armoniosas, elementos esenciales para el cumplimiento de la norma. Los hallazgos resaltan la importancia de integrar enfoques de mindfulness en los programas de prevención y promoción de la salud en el trabajo, como estrategia para abordar los desafíos psicosociales y mejorar la calidad de vida laboral

Microbial removal of weathered hydrocarbons by well adapted-bacteria

The effectiveness of bioremediation processes may be limited by the physical and chemical properties of the pollutant, such as availability, recalcitrance, concentration and weathering, among others. The aim of this work was to evaluate the removal of recalcitrant oil fractions (aliphatic-aromatic and asphaltenic fractions) from a weathered soil, by two bacteria adapted to a high concentration of oil hydrocarbons, isolated from a soil with a concentration of 227,000 mg of total petroleum hydrocarbons per kg soil. Kinetics of hydrocarbons removal by Bacillus coagulans and/or Serratia liquefasciens was performed in liquid culture for 168 h; hydrocarbons from soil as sole carbon and energy source (600 mg/l) were added and each of the microorganisms was inoculated for evaluation independently or as a mixed culture. The aromatic fraction was removed by B. coagulans at 330 mg/l; by S. liquefasciens at 130 mg/l; and by both microorganisms at 360 mg/l. The asphaltenic fraction was removed by B. coagulans at 23 mg/l; by S. liquefasciens at 15 mg/l; and by both microorganisms at 34 mg/l. Chromatographic analysis of the aliphatic-aromatic fraction showed the presence of branched aliphatic C6 to C26, polyaromatic substituted compounds of two and three rings, and heteroaromatic compounds of dibenzothiphene type. The compounds that were removed from the aliphatic-aromatic fraction were of all types in the range of C6 to C13.Keywords: Asphaltenes, aliphatic-aromatic fraction, weathered, biodegradationAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(9), pp. 941-94

Mapa sistemático da literatura sobre a formação de uma linha de professores em serviço

Online continuing teacher education (FeLD) is a modality that has been gradually gaining acceptance internationally in this century. In order to recognize what research has contributed to quality online teacher education, this study aimed to characterize the academic production published in the period from 2010 to 2020 on online teacher education, through the systematic literature mapping method. The study was developed in six steps, organized in three phases: (phase 1) design and selection of the works included in the mapping, (phase 2) preparation and organization of meta- data, and (phase 3) content analysis. Twenty-two scientific articles were included in the mapping. The publication trend is presented according to time, language, geographic location and journals; the names applied to FeLD, the objects of study, research methodologies, types of training programs and the characteristics of quality online training identified in each study were also analyzed. The con- clusion reached is that the results are useful for making decisions as to what needs to be researched and how to do it. This will allow further educational research to confirm whether the online environ- ment is a tool with the expected potential for professional teacher development.La formación continua en línea de docentes (FeLD) es una modalidad que paulatinamen- te ha ido ganando aceptación en el ámbito internacional en este siglo. A fin de reconocer lo que la investigación ha aportado para la formación de profesores en línea de calidad, este estudio tuvo el propósito de caracterizar la producción académica publicada en el periodo de 2010 a 2020 sobre la formación en línea de docentes, por medio del método de mapeo sistemático de la literatura. El estudio se desarrolló en seis pasos, organizados en tres fases: (fase 1) diseño y selección de los trabajos incluidos en el mapeo, (fase 2) preparación y organización de los metadatos y (fase 3) análisis de contenido. Se incluyeron en el mapeo 22 artículos científicos. Se presenta la tendencia de publicación por temporalidad, por idioma, por ubicación geográfica y por revistas; así mismo, se analizaron las denominaciones que se han aplicado a la FeLD, los objetos de estudio, las metodologías de inves- tigación, los tipos de programas formativos y las características de formación en línea de calidad identificados en cada estudio. Se concluye que los resultados son de utilidad para tomar decisiones en cuanto qué es necesario investigar y cómo hacerlo. Esto permitirá avanzar en la investigación educativa para confirmar si el entorno en línea es una herramienta con el potencial esperado para el desarrollo profesional docente.A formação continuada de professores on-line (FeLD) é uma modalidade que ganhou gradualmente aceitação no cenário internacional neste século. A fim de reconhecer quais pesquisas têm contribuído para a formação de professores online de qualidade, este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar a produção acadêmica publicada no período de 2010 a 2020 sobre formação de profes- sores online, por meio do método mapeamento sistemático da literatura. O estudo foi desenvolvido em seis etapas, organizadas em três fases: (fase 1) concepção e seleção dos trabalhos incluídos no mapeamento, (fase 2) preparação e organização dos metadados e (fase 3) análise de conteúdo. 22 artigos científicos foram incluídos no mapeamento. A tendência de publicação é apresentada por temporalidade, por idioma, por localização geográfica e por periódicos; Da mesma forma, foram analisadas as denominações que têm sido aplicadas ao FeLD, os objetos de estudo, as metodologias de pesquisa, os tipos de programas de treinamento e as características de treinamento online de qualidade identificadas em cada estudo. Conclui-se que os resultados são úteis para a tomada de decisões sobre o que precisa ser investigado e como fazê-lo. Isso permitirá que novas pesquisas educacionais confirmem se o ambiente online é uma ferramenta com o potencial esperado para o desenvolvimento profissional do professor

Corrosion behavior of boride diffusion layer on CoCrMo alloy surface

87-95In the present study, the corrosion behaviour of CoCrMo ASTM F75 alloy with boride diffusion layer and under simulated physiological conditions has been investigated using electrochemical methods. Corrosion has been analyzed using Tafel and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) curves. The corrosion resistance optimization of boride diffusion layer on ASTM F-75 alloy using a central composite design (CCD) in response surface methodology (RSM) has been studied. A boronizing thermochemical treatment has been carried out at different temperatures, time periods and paste mass. The roughness for samples subjected to boride annealing has been higher than that of the unboride sample. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement has shown that the boride layer of the sample at least consists of a mixture of CoB and CrB phases. The EIS and Tafel curves results have suggested that boride ASTM F75 alloy has not been a suitable candidate for orthopedics applications

Resistencia antimicrobiana en cepas de Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica aisladas en carnes de aves importadas

La carne de ave importada contiene peligros como Salmonella, la cual pude conllevar a riesgos en la población consumidora. Este estudio se llevó a cabo con el fin de detectar la presencia de cepas de Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica resistente a los antibióticos en carnes de ave importada, que pueden pasar a la cadena alimentaria. Se analizaron 3132 muestras. La investigación se realizó según metodologíaestablecida en normas cubanas. Se demostró el peligro Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica en carnes de aves importadas. Los serogrupos más frecuentes correspondieron a C2, B y D. Las cepas de Salmonellaenterica subsp. enterica aisladas de las carnes de ave importadas mostraron resistencia antimicrobiana en una alta proporción

Optical Properties of Multilayered Sol–Gel Zinc-Oxide Films

Study of structural, optical and photocatalytic properties of multilayered (1–8 layers) zinc oxide films deposited on glass substrates by sol-gel method showed, that after thermal treatment at 500°C they consist of random oriented hexagonal crystalline grains with size of 34–40 nm, forming larger particles with sizes of 100–150 nm, which do not depend on number of layers. With an increase in the number of layers, the intensity of exciton photoluminescence decreases by a factor of 10, the absorption of light in the visible and near IR ranges increases, and the efficiency of photocatalytic decomposition of the test organic dye rhodamine B increases by 10–12%. The observed changes are related to the increase in the total area of grain boundaries and to the change in the integral amount of oxygen vacancies and interstitial atoms as the number of layers increases, which makes it possible to control the properties of zinc oxide films for applications in optoelectronics, photovoltaics and photocatalysis