A generalized framework to consider positive and negative attributes in formal concept analysis

In Formal Concept Analysis the classical formal context is analized taking into account only the positive information, i.e. the presence of a property in an object. Nevertheless, the no presence of a property in an object also provides a signi cant knowledge which can only be partially considered with the classical approach. In this work we have modi ed the concept forming operators to allow the treatment of both, positive and negative attributes which come from respectively, the presence and absence of the properties. In this work we de ne the new operators and we prove that they are Galois connections. Finally, we have also studied the correspondence between the formal context in the new framework and the extended concept lattice, providing new interesting properties.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Uncertainty management at the airport transit view

Air traffic networks, where airports are the nodes that interconnect the entire system, have a time-varying and stochastic nature. An incident in the airport environment may easily propagate through the network and generate system-level effects. This paper analyses the aircraft flow through the Airport Transit View framework, focusing on the airspace/airside integrated operations. In this analysis, we use a dynamic spatial boundary associated with the Extended Terminal Manoeuvring Area concept. Aircraft operations are characterised by different temporal milestones, which arise from the combination of a Business Process Model for the aircraft flow and the Airport Collaborative Decision-Making methodology. Relationships between factors influencing aircraft processes are evaluated to create a probabilistic graphical model, using a Bayesian network approach. This model manages uncertainty and increases predictability, hence improving the system's robustness. The methodology is validated through a case study at the Adolfo Suárez Madrid-Barajas Airport, through the collection of nearly 34,000 turnaround operations. We present several lessons learned regarding delay propagation, time saturation, uncertainty precursors and system recovery. The contribution of the paper is two-fold: it presents a novel methodological approach for tackling uncertainty when linking inbound and outbound flights and it also provides insight on the interdependencies among factors driving performance

Prognosis Impact of Diabetes in Elderly Women and Men with Non-ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome

Ancià; Síndromes coronàries agudes; DonesAnciano; Síndromes coronarios agudos; MujeresElderly; Acute coronary syndromes; WomenFew studies have addressed to date the interaction between sex and diabetes mellitus (DM) in the prognosis of elderly patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTEACS). Our aim was to address the role of DM in the prognosis of non-selected elderly patients with NSTEACS according to sex. A retrospective analysis from 11 Spanish NSTEACS registries was conducted, including patients aged ≥70 years. The primary end point was one-year all-cause mortality. A total of 7211 patients were included, 2,770 (38.4%) were women, and 39.9% had DM. Compared with the men, the women were older (79.95 ± 5.75 vs. 78.45 ± 5.43 years, p < 0.001) and more often had a history of hypertension (77% vs. 83.1%, p < 0.01). Anemia and chronic kidney disease were both more common in women. On the other hand, they less frequently had a prior history of arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease or comorbidities such as peripheral artery disease and chronic pulmonary disease. Women showed a worse clinical profile on admission, though an invasive approach and in-hospital revascularization were both more often performed in men (p < 0.001). At a one-year follow-up, 1090 patients (15%) had died, without a difference between sexes. Male sex was an independent predictor of mortality (HR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.32, p = 0.035), and there was a significant interaction between sex and DM (p = 0.002). DM was strongly associated with mortality in women (HR: 1.45, 95% CI = 1.18–1.78; p < 0.001), but not in men (HR: 0.98, 95% CI = 0.84–1.14; p = 0.787). In conclusion, DM is associated with mortality in older women with NSTEACS, but not in men.This work was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the Carlos III Health Institute: CIBER-CV 16/11/00420, Madrid, Spain

Diversificación de sistemas agroforestales, mediante el fomento en asociaciones de agricultoras(es), de la producción de plantas con componentes bioactivos de la región Huetar Norte y Atlántica de Costa Rica con el aporte de las universidades estatales de Costa Rica.

Proyecto de Investigación. Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica (ITCR); Universidad Nacional (UNA); Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR); Universidad Estatal a Distancia (UNED), 2010El conocer la diversidad florística del país es un trabajo de mediano a largo plazo que permite no solo identificar sino determinar el potencial bioactivo de muchas de ellas, lo cual es de vital importancia para la protección de la biodiversidad del país. El objetivo del proyecto fue potenciar la producción económicamente rentable de plantas con componentes bioactivos para el área agronómica y de salud asociadas a sistemas agroforestales en la región Huetar Norte y Atlántica de Costa Rica. Se trabajó con las siguientes especies: Uncaria tomentosa (uña de gato), Quassia amara (hombre grande), Psychotria ipecacuanha (raicilla), Smilax vanilliodora (zarzaparrilla) y Smilax domingensis (cuculmeca). Plantas que poseen una gran importancia económica y que se deben implementar para fortalecer el desarrollo de programas agroforestales como alternativas para la protección del recurso biótico y como recurso económico que contribuya al mejoramiento de la calidad de vida de comunidades. Se establecieron plantaciones con el fin de realizar prácticas de manejo adecuadas en las comunidades participantes de tal manera que se pudiera tener la materia prima para elaborar productos tales como tisanas y confites, entre otros. Se trabaja con grupos organizados ubicados en San Carlos y Guápiles, Costa Rica. En el marco del proyecto se realizaron actividades tales como: talleres, cursos de capacitación, estudios biológicos, fitoquímicos y de cultivo de cada una de las especies. Este proyecto permitió generar información científica de las especies con las que se trabajó, propició una base para el manejo integral de los estos recursos, obtener productos a partir de diferentes partes de la plantas y a la vez el manejo de recursos naturales no tradicionales realizado por las comunidades participantes.Universidad de Costa Rica, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Universidad Nacional, Universidad Estatal a Distancia, Herbario Nacional-Museo Nacional de Costa Rica, Consejo Nacional de Producción

Derecho a una buena visión en los mayores: evitar la ceguera evitable. Prevención y cuidados para una atención integral

Este documento, que constituye el nº 8 de la colección Promoción de la salud en las personas mayores, pretende abordar buena parte de los problemas de salud de este colectivo aportando criterios y metodología para la intervención a sus cuidadores y responsables de salud

Antithrombotic Therapy in Elderly Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes

The treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in elderly patients continues to be a challenge because of the characteS.G.B.ristics of this population and the lack of data and specific recommendations. This review summarizes the current evidence about critical points of oral antithrombotic therapy in elderly patients. To this end, we discuss the peculiarities and differences reported referring to dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in ACS management in elderly patients and what might be the best option considering these population characteristics. Furthermore, we analyze antithrombotic strategies in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), with a particular focus on those cases that also present coronary artery disease (CAD). It is imperative to deepen our knowledge regarding the management of these challenging patients through real-world data and specifically designed geriatric studies to help resolve the questions remaining in their disease management

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality