Clinical Applications of Impulse Oscillometry

Impulse oscillometry is a noninvasive procedure that can be performed within few minutes. The purpose of the procedure is to measure the resistance of the small and large airways, as well as the reactants of the airways. It is gradually gaining popularity in evaluating lung function, particularly in patients with asthma and COPD. In contrast to spirometry, the test performs measurement during tidal breathing. In other words, forced exhalation is not required. Other advantages include, but are not limited to, evaluating COPD patients’ reversibility which is rarely noted on spirometry. IOS also is tool for chronic management of patients with asthma and COPD while on treatment. It can evaluate children with asthma even as young as 2 years old. Spirometry requires the child to cooperate and usually is of meaningful use beginning at the age of 5 years old. Other potential applications include early evaluation of transplant rejection, cystic fibrosis, and vocal cord disorder. In this chapter, we will explore the procedure itself, the settings, advantages and disadvantages, and comparative data with spirometry

Increase in 2.5 Micron Airborne Particulate Matters, AHPCO® and Plasma Nanotechnology in Reducing the Symptoms of Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis

Increase in the particulate matter of size 2.5 microns are a major health concern of the present decade that led to a gradual rise of allergy and asthma cases all over the world. When inhaled, they can reach deep into our lungs and enter tissues via the bloodstream and contribute to health conditions ranging from coughing or lung irritation to chronic bronchitis and cardiovascular complications. These substances are generally composed of the combustion particles, organic compounds and metals. Levels of the most dangerous particles, called PM 2.5 reached beyond the prescribed safe level in all the major cities of the world: Beijing in China, Delhi in India, Los Angeles and New York in the US. PM 2.5 is becoming an ever-increasing problem that must be addressed. We are aiming our research towards the reduction of PM 2.5 in the indoor air by using a novel hybrid technology. The newly developed AHPCO ® or Advanced Hydrated Photocatalytic Oxidation and Plasma Nanotechnology in the Bi-Polar units were tested to evaluate the reduction of the particulate matters with a focus on PM 2.5 as well as animal dander and fungal spores. Utilizing two fiber glass chambers, we analyzed the particle count to assess and evaluate the efficiency of the hybrid AHPCO ® and Plasma Nanotechnology in reducing the particle count present in the indoor air in course of progressive time intervals. The air purification system developed with the novel hybrid technology reduced the indoor particulate matters and animal dander efficiently

Air Pollution With 2.5 Micron Particulate Matters and Testing the Decay of the Aerosol Concentration as a Function of Time to Compare the Efficiency of AHPCO® and Bi-Polar Units in Reducing the Indoor Particle Counts

One of the top environmental concerns of the world today is air pollution, which is affecting our health every day (Bickerstaff & Walker, 2001). Studies have shown that air pollution has a major effect in human health by increasing sickness and death (Dockery, & Pope III, 1994). A major form of air pollution is aerosol; scientists describe it as tiny, airborne solid and liquid particles that are released by Earth's surface both naturally and as a product of human activities (Simmon, & Voiland, 2010; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory [NOAA], 2017). Our biggest problem with air pollution is the aerosols in the form of Particulate Matter (PM), also known as particulate pollution. The most dangerous particulate matters are those which are less than 10 micrometers, because when inhaled, they can reach deep down into our lungs and even into our bloodstreams (U.S Environmental Protection Agency [EPA], “Particulate Matter (PM) Basic,” 2017). The purpose of this study was to test a new kind of air purifier, and help the public make the right choice for their health. In this research several experiments were conducted using the Air Oasis filter-less air purifier with Advanced Hydrated Photo Catalytic Oxidation (AHPCO) and Bi-polar units inside the fiberglass chambers to estimate the decay of aerosol concentration as function of time. In higher concentration a prominent rate of decay was measured when using the Air Oasis units however, there has not been any significant change at the lower concentration

Retrospective Observations on the Ability to Diagnose and Manage Patients with Asthma through the Use of Impulse Oscillometry: Comparison with Spirometry and Overview of the Literature

Objective. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is an evolving technology for the diagnosis and followup of patients with asthma. Our objective is to review the findings on patients who underwent both spirometry and IOS during clinical evaluations of their asthma. The goal was to retrospectively evaluate IOS during the initial diagnosis and followup of patients with asthma in comparison with spirometry. Methods. We routinely perform IOS and spirometry evaluation in patients with suspected asthma during baseline visits and at followup. We reviewed the data on 39 patients over the age of 13 with asthma at baseline and following treatment with inhaled corticosteroids. IOS and spirometry were both done at baseline, following short acting bronchodilator administration, and at followup after at least three months of inhaled corticosteroid treatment. Results. IOS showed improvement in airway function both initially, following short acting bronchodilator introduction, and later after initiation of long term inhaled corticosteroid treatment, even when the spirometry did not reveal improvement. We noted the IOS improvement in the reactance or AX as well as the resistance in smaller airways or R5. Conclusion. IOS may provide a useful measure towards identifying an asthma diagnosis and followup without inducing the extra respiratory effort spirometry requires

Advantage of impulse oscillometry over spirometry to diagnose chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and monitor pulmonary responses to bronchodilators: An observational study

Objectives: This retrospective study was a comparative analysis of sensitivity of impulse oscillometry and spirometry techniques for use in a mixed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease group for assessing disease severity and inhalation therapy. Methods: A total of 30 patients with mild-to-moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were monitored by impulse oscillometry, followed by spirometry. Lung function was measured at baseline after bronchodilation and at follow-up (3–18 months). The impulse oscillometry parameters were resistance in the small and large airways at 5 Hz (R5), resistance in the large airways at 15 Hz (R15), and lung reactance (area under the curve X; AX). Results: After the bronchodilator therapy, forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ) readings evaluated by spirometry were unaffected at baseline and at follow-up, while impulse oscillometry detected an immediate improvement in lung function, in terms of AX ( p  = 0.043). All impulse oscillometry parameters significantly improved at follow-up, with a decrease in AX by 37% ( p  = 0.0008), R5 by 20% ( p  = 0.0011), and R15 by 12% ( p  = 0.0097). Discussion: Impulse oscillometry parameters demonstrated greater sensitivity compared with spirometry for monitoring reversibility of airway obstruction and the effect of maintenance therapy. Impulse oscillometry may facilitate early treatment dose optimization and personalized medicine for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients

Proceedings of the 2015 WAO Symposium on Food Allergy and the Microbiome

Table of contents A1 Characterization of the immunoallergic profile towards the proteins of the wheat flour in Cuban population Raúl Lázaro Castro Almarales, Mary Carmen Reyes Zamora, Beatriz Tamargo, Damaris Torralba Averoff, Raysa Cruz, Yunia Oliva Diaz, Mirta Alvarez Castello, Alexander Ciria, Alexis Labrada, Maytee Mateo A2 Are peanuts causing food allergy in Cuba? Maytee Mateo, Damaris Torralba Averoff, Raysa Cruz, Yunia Oliva Diaz, Mirta Alvarez Castello, Alexander Ciria, Mary Carmen Reyes Zamora, Beatriz Tamargo, Alexis Labrada A3 Prick test and immunoallergic profile to soy allergens in Cuban population Omar Herrera, Maytee Mateo, Raysa Cruz, Mirta Alvarez Castello, Alexander Ciria, Raúl Lázaro Castro Almarales, Mary Carmen Reyes Zamora, Alexis Labrada A4 Skin sensitization and immunoallergic profile to hen's egg in Cuban population José Severino Rodríguez Canosa, Raysa Cruz, Maytee Mateo, Mirta Alvarez Castello, Alexander Ciria, Raúl Lázaro Castro Almarales, Mary Carmen Reyes Zamora, Alexis Labrada A5 Sensitization to three domestic mites in patients with adverse food events to shellfish Mirta Alvarez Castello, Raúl Lázaro Castro Almarales, Alexis Labrada, Biocen A6 Diagnostic efficacy by skin prick test with allergenic extracts of legumes in Cuban patients Yamilet Ibizate Novales, Ilonka Estruch Fajardo, Alexis Labrada, Maytee Mateo, Armando Ginard A7 Baked egg goods without wheat flour carry an increased risk of reaction Bruce Lanser, Anna Faino, Erwin Gelfand, Pia Hauk A8 Prevalence, incidence and associated risk factors of adverse reaction to food in Cuban infants - a population-based prospective study Silvia Venero Fernández, Julia Urbina, Mirta Alvarez Castello, Raúl Lázaro Castro Almarales, Ramón Suárez Medina, Hermes Fundora Hernández, John Britton, Andrew William Fogarty A9 Microbiome in ice machines and assessing the plasma nanotechnology in breaking the biofilm and improving air quality Nabarun Ghosh, Clinton Ross Bell, Chandini Revanna, Constantine Saadeh, Jeff Bennert, Danius Bouyi, Mitsy Veloz, Nelofar Sherali A10 Characteristics of patients with food allergy in health public service Magna Coelho A11 Allergic rhinitis and asthma index increased in Texas panhandle and AHPCO and plasma nanotechnology as solutions Nabarun Ghosh, Jeff Bennert, Danius Bouyi, Constantine Saadeh, Clinton Ross Bell, Mitsy Veloz, Chandini Revanna, Nelofar Sherali A12 Antigen-specific T follicular helper cells mediate peanut allergy in mice Joseph J. Dolence, Takao Kobayashi, Koji Iijima, Hirohito Kita, Hirohito Kita, Ashli Moore, James Krempski A13 Production of recombinant Mal d 3, a major apple allergen, in Pichia Pastoris, to investigate the impact of the food matrix and post-translational modifications on Mal d 3 immuno-reactivity Roberta Aina, Riccardo Asero, Sabine Pfeifer, Pawel Dubiela, Merima Bublin, Christian Radauer, Piotr Humeniuk, Karin Hoffmann-Sommergruber A14 Reaction to sports drink: no whey! Whey allergy in absence of clinical cow’s milk allergy Frank Eidelman, Ves Dimov, Charl Khalil A15 Food allergy on Tumblr: focus on teenage audience may increase educational impact Ves Dimov, Frank Eidelman, Charl Khalil A16 Changes in IgE levels following one-year immunizations in two children with food allergy Alice E. W. Hoyt, Peter Heymann, Alexander Schuyler, Scott Commins, Thomas Platts-Mills A17 IgE and IgG4 antibodies to cow's milk components in children with eosinophilic esophagitis: higher specific IgG4 antibodies and IgG4:IgE ratios compared with subjects with IgE-mediated food allergy Alexander Schuyler, Patrice Kruszewski, John Russo, Lisa Workman, Thomas Platts-Mills, Elizabeth Erwin, Anubha Tripathi A18 Frequency of Sensitization to Food Allergens in Patients with Rhinitis and Asthma in the National Medical Center La Raza “Dr. Antonio Fraga Mouret”, Mexico City Gabriela Yvette Castellanos, Elizabeth Mendieta, Martín Becerril-Angele